共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
对平乐站1957～2003年夏季实况资料进行分析,阐述了当地夏季高温干旱天气分布概况,分析了夏季高温干旱天气的天气背景。 相似文献
2.
平乐县夏季高温干旱天气的天气气候背景分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对平乐站1957～2003年夏季实况资料进行分析，阐述了当地夏季高温干旱天气分布概况，分析了夏季高温干旱天气的天气背景。 相似文献
3.
北京夏季持续高温过程特征分析 总被引：27，自引：1，他引：26
应用1996～2000年NCEP逐日再分析资料,对北京地区近5年夏季出现的11个连续性高温天气过程进行了合成分析,总结了高温过程天气系统的共同特征,探讨了河套高压的形成机理及其与北京高温天气的联系。最后,给出了北京夏季高温天气的一个可能的概念模型。 相似文献
4.
2013年夏季我国南方区域性高温天气的极端性分析 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14
提利用1960-2013年我国南方10省（市）733个站点的日最高、最低气温和日平均气温资料,对2013年夏季我国南方高温天气的极端性进行了系统的分析。分析结果显示：2013年夏季我国南方高温天气具有显著的群发性特征,覆盖了长江中下游以及重庆等八个省、两个直辖市;也具有以高温天气过程重现构成的持续性特征,主要经历了4次高温天气过程,其中,7月22日至8月21日的第三次高温天气过程,强度最强、范围最广。重点围绕区域性高温在历史上的极端性做进一步分析,结果表明：所研究高温区域的夏季平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温均破历史纪录,为近50年新高;平均高温日数和强度也超过了历年平均高温日数和强度的极值,属历史罕见;高温日数和高温强度的高值区域范围比历年向北扩展,且高值中心值超过历史最高纪录,极端性突出;2013年极端高温事件的发生次数突破了历史纪录,其中8月的极端高温事件十分突出。 相似文献
5.
从人体舒适度看内蒙古地区夏季高温天气 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
内蒙古地处中高纬度 ,平均海拔高度10 0 0 m左右 ,夏季较凉爽 ,高温炎热天气少 ,是人们夏季旅游避暑的好去处。近年来 ,各地高温天气增多 ,对人们带来一定影响 ,本文以高温天气较多的 1991、1997年夏季为例 ,利用人体舒适指标 ,计算各地人体舒适指数 ,分析本地区高温天气对人体舒适度的影响。1 生物气温指标——人体舒适度考虑人体舒适度时与气温有关的湿度、风速等作用的综合指标称作生物气温指标。人对温度高低的感觉称为体感温度(或体感气候 ) ,它表示人们对气温 t和相对湿度 r的综合感觉。实感温度是体感温度常用的表现法 ,它以 r=10 0… 相似文献
6.
1997年夏季我国高温天气特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
１９９７年夏季我国北方地区高温现象十分突出,南方大部则反之,作者就１９９７年夏季我国高温天气的时空分布行征作了详细的分析也论述,并与历史资料进行比较,以期对１９９７年夏季的高温天气有比较客观,详尽的认识,此外,还讨论了我国北方夏季气温与厄尔尼诺事件的关系。 相似文献
7.
基于惠州市区1954—2009年逐日的气象观测资料,利用统计分析软件SPSS分析了惠州高温天气的气候特征,并分析了高温天气出现时的主要天气形势。结果表明:惠州高温天气出现频频繁,高温天气年平均出现日数为12.0 d,主要出现在夏季的7和8月,从长期变化趋势来看都呈上升趋势,气候倾向率为0.242 d/年,近10年与前46年相比增加了14.4 d。惠州出现高温天气时,北半球中高纬西风系统一般位置较为偏北,强度较弱,有利于低纬系统北推发展;副热带高压和热带气旋是造成高温天气的主要原因,尤其是在热带气旋影响下,容易出现极端异常高温天气。 相似文献
8.
马丽云 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(3):18-19
针对石河子地区冰雹天气的特征，选取近4年10例冰雹天气个例进行分析，对各种天气系统的物理量特征、卫星云图等多种参数进行界定，建立适合于本地区冰雹天气的短时预报方法。 相似文献
9.
华北地区夏季高温闷热天气特征的分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
依照日最高温度(Tmax)超过35 ℃为高温天气、最低温度(Tmin)超过25℃为闷热天气的定义,首先,讨论20世纪50年代以后华北地区夏季高温和闷热天气的变化特点及其大气环流的统计特征,并将高温、闷热天气分为高温、高温并闷热以及闷热这3类过程.之后,挑选1999和2002年夏季发生的3类过程进行个例分析.60年代,夏季亚洲中高纬500 hPa高度场在乌拉尔山、贝加尔湖及鄂霍茨克海地区分别出现长波槽、脊及槽的环流占优势,华北地区易受大陆高压脊的控制,出现了高温但不闷热天气的一个高峰.90年代,夏季亚洲中高纬地区,再次出现类似60年代的环流,而且,盛夏西太平洋副热带高压的影响可以向北扩展到华北东部地区.华北地区受大陆高压脊、西太平洋副高或两者共同影响,出现高温闷热天气并重的峰值时段.华北地区夏季出现的3类高温天气过程,亚洲中高纬度的大气环流在空间分布、垂直结构以及湿度和大气稳定度等方面存在明显差异.最后,利用反映温度、湿度及风速大小等气象要素对人体影响的体感温度,分析了这些要素对高温闷热天气的综合影响. 相似文献
10.
11.
2009年夏季中国高温分析 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
用常规气温资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2009年夏季中国高温过程进行了研究。结果发现：（1）2009年中国中东部地区发生的高温日数相对历史同期偏多,集中在华北和长江以南地区。（2）大陆暖高压是导致6月华北黄淮一带高温过程的主要环流系统,7、8月副高的持续偏强和西伸是导致7、8月高温过程的主要环流系统。南亚高压与副热带高压有很好的响应关系,随着南亚高压的增强（减弱）东伸（西撤）,副高强度进而增强（减弱）西伸（东撤）,江南地区日最高温度分布范围也相应增大（缩小）。低层辐散、副热带西风急流轴偏北、急流中心偏西等有利于2009年夏季高温的发生和维持。（3）整层垂直积分大气加热场正异常可以作为高温的维持机制。 相似文献
12.
P. M. Della-Marta J. Luterbacher H. von Weissenfluh E. Xoplaki M. Brunet H. Wanner 《Climate Dynamics》2007,29(2-3):251-275
We investigate the large-scale forcing and teleconnections between atmospheric circulation (sea level pressure, SLP), sea
surface temperatures (SSTs), precipitation and heat wave events over western Europe using a new dataset of 54 daily maximum
temperature time series. Forty four of these time series have been homogenised at the daily timescale to ensure that the presence
of inhomogeneities has been minimised. The daily data have been used to create a seasonal index of the number of heat waves.
Using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), heat waves over western Europe are shown to be related to anomalous high pressure
over Scandinavia and central western Europe. Other forcing factors such as Atlantic SSTs and European precipitation, the later
as a proxy for soil moisture, a known factor in strengthening land–atmosphere feedback processes, are also important. The
strength of the relationship between summer SLP anomalies and heat waves is improved (from 35%) to account for around 46%
of its variability when summer Atlantic and Mediterranean SSTs and summer European precipitation anomalies are included as
predictors. This indicates that these predictors are not completely collinear rather that they each have some contribution
to accounting for summer heat wave variability. However, the simplicity and scale of the statistical analysis masks this complex
interaction between variables. There is some useful predictive skill of summer heat waves using multiple lagged predictors.
A CCA using preceding winter North Atlantic SSTs and preceding January to May Mediterranean total precipitation results in
significant hindcast (1972–2003) Spearman rank correlation skill scores up to 0.55 with an average skill score over the domain
equal to 0.28 ± 0.28. In agreement with previous studies focused on mean summer temperature, there appears to be some predictability
of heat wave events on the decadal scale from the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), although the long-term global mean
temperature is also well related to western European heat waves. Combining these results with the observed positive trends
in summer continental European SLP, North Atlantic SSTs and indications of a decline in European summer precipitation then
possibly these long-term changes are also related to increased heat wave occurrence and it is important that the physical
processes controlling these changes be more fully understood. 相似文献
13.
根据国家海洋局南海分局的Marex(马瑞克斯)数据浮标观测资料、南海断面线 调查资料和西沙海洋站资料，计算了南海海气界面热量交换值。研究结果表明:不论是夏季还是秋季，在台风环流内海气界面热量交换均非常强烈，主要贡献来自潜热通量(Qv)，位于(20.49°N，114.14°E)附近海域。夏季台风环流内显热通量(Qk)出现负值，海面有效反射辐射(Qe)出现减弱现象；秋冬季节台风环流内Qk量值增加显著均为正值，Qe有加强的现象。分析实测资料发现:1961～1989年8次ElNino事件过程中，西沙海洋站水温比赤道太平洋水温提早出现增暖现象的有4次，水温推迟出现增暖现象的也是4次。西沙海洋站水温增暖出现在12月的仅有1次。ElNino事件发生后，南海水温异常增暖，但是海气界面热量交换反而减弱。 相似文献
14.
利用欧洲数值预报中心1980—1989年6—8月资料，讨论了80年代江淮流域夏季旱涝年份亚洲地区平均纬向风速和准定常行星波分布的差异。旱年类与涝年类相比，热带东风急流强度偏强，纬度位置偏南；副热带急流强度相近，位置偏北。旱年（涝年）类的夏季准定常行星波的分布反映了菲律宾周围水域上空和青藏高原地面的热源均为偏强（弱）的异常外源强迫的结果。二者的主要差异表明，在中高纬度振幅大值区，旱年类纬度位置较涝年类偏北几个纬度。厄尔尼诺与反厄尔尼诺年份之间，准定常行星波各纬向波数的振幅距平分布基本上具有完全相反的型式，亚 相似文献
15.
British summers are known to have become warmer and drier in recent decades, but has there also been a change in the timing of this season’s beginning, as has occurred for spring? This paper addresses this question by examining records of the first blooming date of early summer flowering plants (phenology) and the timing of first occurrences of warm ‘summer’ temperatures, both events that we associate with the onset of summer. This has revealed that the onset of summer in England has been advancing since the mid 1950s. The occurrence of ‘summer’ temperatures has advanced more than early summer flowering, by eleven and three days respectively in the 1990s compared to the period 1954–1963. This may have encouraged drought or heat wave conditions by prolonging the period of warm temperatures and lower rainfall in which these events occur. 相似文献
16.
Climate change is expected to increase temperatures globally, and consequently more frequent, longer, and hotter heat waves are likely to occur. Ambiguity in defining heat waves appropriately makes it difficult to compare changes in heat wave events over time. This study provides a quantitative definition of a heat wave and makes probabilistic heat wave projections for the Korean Peninsula under two global warming scenarios. Changes to heat waves under global warming are investigated using the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) and 8.5 (RCP8.5) experiments from 30 coupled models participating in phase five of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project. Probabilistic climate projections from multi-model ensembles have been constructed using both simple and weighted averaging. Results from both methods are similar and show that heat waves will be more intense, frequent, and longer lasting. These trends are more apparent under the RCP8.5 scenario as compared to the RCP4.5 scenario. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, typical heat waves are projected to become stronger than any heat wave experienced in the recent measurement record. Furthermore, under this scenario, it cannot be ruled out that Korea will experience heat wave conditions spanning almost an entire summer before the end of the 21st century. 相似文献
17.
An extraordinary heat wave occurred in Serbia from July 14 to July 24 in 2007. Record values of the maximum temperatures were observed over almost the whole territory of Serbia and in Smederevska Palanka, a temperature of 44.9°C was registered, which was the absolute maximum value ever recorded. The highest increase over the previous absolute maximum temperature, dating back to 1888, of 3.1°C was registered in Belgrade. The Warm Spell Duration Indicator, from which the duration and severity of the heat waves are estimated, was applied to the series of the daily maximum temperatures in Smederevska Palanka. An analysis of the daily maximum temperatures and heat waves during the summer of 2007 revealed significant changes in the trends of anomalies and extreme (90%) quantiles. In addition, the main characteristics of the heat wave and the circulation conditions which caused the heat wave in Serbia during the summer 2007 were analyzed. 相似文献
18.
2006年夏季主要天气系统及环流特征分析 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
简要介绍了2006年夏季的主要天气过程和形势。2006年夏季我国华南地区出现严重洪涝,淮河流域、东北大部、河套西部降雨异常偏多,而长江流域降雨偏少。6月造成华南地区强降雨的影响天气系统为切变线和地面静止锋,7、8月则为台风。2006年的梅雨期在典型梅雨常见的中高纬度乌拉尔山和鄂霍次克海阻塞高压均未建立,中高纬度高压位于贝加尔湖以西,低纬度副高位置比气候平均稍偏北。华北地区的暴雨过程多为低槽冷锋造成。东北地区多低涡活动。2006年夏季登陆我国的台风偏早、偏多、偏强,特别是4号台风“碧利斯”和8号台风“桑美”给我国造成了巨大的经济损失。与2005年相比,2006年我国西南地区的高温日数异常偏多,四川、重庆出现了特大伏旱,华北地区的高温日数偏少,但也出现了持续闷热天气,江南部分地区的高温天数也偏多,东北基本未出现高温天气。 相似文献
19.
The sea surface temperature （SST） anomaly of the eastern Indian Ocean （EIO） exhibits cold anomalies in the boreal summer or fall during E1 Nino development years and warm anomalies in winter or spring following the E1 Nino events. There also tend to be warm anomalies in the boreal summer or fall during La Nina development years and cold anomalies in winter or spring following the La Nina events. The seasonal phase-locking of SST change in the EIO associated with E1 Nino/Southern Oscillation is linked to the variability of convection over the maritime continent, which induces an atmospheric Rossby wave over the EIO. Local air-sea interaction exerts different effects on SST anomalies, depending on the relationship between the Rossby wave and the mean flow related to the seasonal migration of the buffer zone, which shifts across the equator between summer and winter. The summer cold events start with cooling in the Timor Sea, together with increasing easterly flow along the equator. Negative SST anomalies develop near Sumatra, through the interaction between the atmospheric Rossby wave and the underneath sea surface. These SST anomalies are also contributed to by the increased upwelling of the mixed layer and the equatorward temperature advection in the boreal fall. As the buffer zone shifts across the equator towards boreal winter, the anomalous easterly flow tends to weaken the mean flow near the equator, and the EIO SST increases due to the reduction of latent heat flux from the sea surface. As a result, wintertime SST anomalies appear with a uniform and nearly basin-wide pattern beneath the easterly anomalies. These SST anomalies are also caused by the increase in solar radiation associated with the anticyclonic atmospheric Rossby wave over the EIO. Similarly, the physical processes of the summer warm events, which are followed by wintertime cold SST anomalies, can be explained by the changes in atmospheric and oceanic fields with opposite signs to those anomalies described above. 相似文献