共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 640 毫秒
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耦合遥感观测和元胞自动机的城市扩张模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在传统元胞自动机(CA)模型中,静态的模型参数和模型误差不能释放是影响城市扩张模拟效果的两个重要原因。文中引入集合卡尔曼滤波方法到CA模型中,提出了基于联合状态矩阵的地理元胞自动机。该模型在模拟过程中可以通过同化遥感观测数据,动态地调整模型参数和纠正模拟结果,使模型参数能够反映转换规则的时空变化,同时也能较好地释放积累的模型误差。将模型应用于东莞市的城市扩张模拟中,实验结果表明,模型能够准确地调整模型参数使之符合城市发展模式,同时也能有效地控制模型误差,其模拟的空间格局与真实情况吻合。 相似文献
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城市规划CA模型在城市空间形态演化中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统的CA模型基于自下而上的思路模拟城市复杂系统,忽略了宏观决策对城市空间形态演化的影响。本文基于传统CA模型,从城市规划角度,通过引入控制性详细规划层,把整个城市空间划分成不同组团片区,将传统的自下而上CA模型改进为自下而上和自上而下相结合的城市规划CA模型(UPCA),并取得了较好的实证模拟结果。结果表明:该模型简化了传统CA城市模拟模型的数据量,提高了模型的模拟精度,并增强了模型的规划决策功能,使模型具备了一定的社会经济分析能力。 相似文献
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土地利用变化模拟模型及应用研究进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
元胞自动机CA(Cellular Automata)和多智能体ABM(Agent-Based Model)模型是土地利用格局和演化模拟的主流方法,两者在模拟自然因素影响和人文驱动机制方面具有突出优势,为LUCC研究提供了重要的工具。当前,ABM无论在模型构建还是应用研究方面,CA和ABM均取得了显著进展。论文从数据基础、模拟尺度、CA转换规则挖掘、ABM行为规则定义、CA和ABM的耦合4个方面梳理土地利用模拟模型和方法的研究进展。并总结这些模型在虚拟城市模拟与理论验证、真实城市模拟与规划预测以及多类用地模拟与辅助决策等方面的应用。最后,总结土地利用模拟模型在精细模拟和全球变化研究方面存在的局限性,认为未来发展将主要集中于解决从2维模型向3维模型发展、大数据与规则精细挖掘以及大尺度模拟与知识迁移等问题。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于生物地理学优化算法寻找城市扩展元胞自动机（cellular automata,CA）模型最佳参数的方法。转换规则制定及相应权重参数获取是构建城市扩展CA的核心和难点。生物地理学优化算法（biogeography-based optimization,BBO）通过模拟生物物种在栖息地的分布、迁移和灭绝来求解优化问题。利用BBO算法自动获取城市扩展CA模型参数值,构建BBO-CA模型进行城市扩展模拟实验,并与粒子群算法（particle swarm optimization,PSO）、蚁群算法（ant colony optimization,ACO）、遗传算法（genetic algorithm,GA）及逻辑回归（logistic regression,LR）等方法相比较。结果表明,BBO算法具有较好的收敛性,可有效地快速自动寻找城市扩展CA模型最佳参数组合,获取的空间变量权重参数较为合理;BBO-CA模型明显提升了城市用地模拟精度,城市用地模拟精度为72.5%,相对PSO、ACO、GA、LR各算法分别提升了1.1%、1.2%、2.7%和4.0%,Kappa系数达到0.700,分别提升了0.015、0.016、0.034和0.046,且整体空间布局与实际情况更为接近,验证了应用BBO算法的可行性与优势。 相似文献
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在推进新型城镇化和实施新时代国土空间规划的战略背景下,城市扩展研究逐渐成为热点问题。当前基于元胞自动机(CA)的城市扩展模拟对城市空间多尺度邻域效应解析不足,且在转换规则中对城市长时间演变过程的时间依赖性影响表达不够完善,简化了城市扩展的时空依赖性,无法真实模拟推演未来规划实施情景以服务于国土空间规划。针对上述问题,本文构建一种兼顾空间多尺度邻域效应(3DCNN)和时间依赖性(ConvLSTM)的城市扩展深度学习CA模型(下文称“Deep-CA”)。首先通过组合普通卷积和空洞卷积的3DCNN来提取城市空间多尺度邻域效应,再利用ConvLSTM神经网络将历史信息同化,考虑长时间序列的时间依赖性,从而得到城市扩展的适宜性概率。北京市1995—2015年的土地利用数据及其驱动因素数据用于验证所提CA模型的科学性与适用性,1995—2010年数据用于模型训练,模拟2015年的城市范围。同时将模拟结果精度与ANN-CA、LR-CA和ME-CA 3种传统方法进行对比。与传统CA模型相比,Deep-CA的北京市2015年模拟FoM指数提高了4%左右,且对于城市全局和局部形态模拟效果较好,斑块破碎度低... 相似文献
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运用MCE-CA和Logistic-CA两种基本的元胞自动机模型作为理论模型,考虑边界到市中心、镇中心、铁路和主要公路等作为区位因素的空间距离约束条件,以及地形和禁止建设区作为区位因素的全局限制约束条件,在地理模拟优化系统(Geographical Simulation and Optimization System,GeoSOS)的支持下,对1990~2000年和2000~2010年辽宁省大连市旅顺口区的城市空间扩展进行了模拟,并取得较好效果。结果表明,MCE-CA模型的Kappa系数分别为0.71和0.64,Logistic-CA模型分别为0.54和0.55,两者均达到较好的模拟精度;MCECA模型适用于主观变量较多的CA模型,Logistic-CA模型更适合于客观因素较多的CA模型;利用合理的CA模型模拟旅顺口区城市未来土地利用变化,可为今后的土地规划以及制定有效的土地管理措施和方针政策提供依据。 相似文献
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传统元胞自动机(CA)模型的转换规则不随模拟过程的时间和空间而变化,难以模拟和表达非线性地理过程.提出基于集合卡尔曼滤波(EnKF)动态优化CA模型参数的方法,以提高模型对复杂地理过程模拟的适应能力.通过引入集合卡尔曼滤波到CA模型中,将模型参数与模型状态整合成一个联合状态矩阵(joint state matrix).再把该矩阵与观测数据输入到EnKF更新方程中,计算出新的参数值,并自动更新到模型中,从而实现动态调整模型运行轨迹,以更好地适应城市发展的过程模拟.将此方法应用于东莞市的城市模拟试验中,优化后的CA模型能在单参数和多参数优化中正确地调整模型参数,使其迅速地收敛于真值并趋于平缓,也能降低模型误差并获得更好的模拟结果. 相似文献
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GeoSOS在城市扩展中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
城市扩展是一个复杂的时空转换过程,元胞自动机(CA)是一种时空离散、状态简洁,利用简单的局部规则来模拟复杂系统时空演化过程的格网动力模型,CA在城市增长、扩展和土地利用演化的模拟等方面有着巨大的优势。本文基于Geo SOS for Arc GIS平台,分别利用Logistic-CA、ANN-CA和DT-CA这3种模型对长春市主城区1995—2005年、2005—2015年的城市扩展情况进行了模拟,结果表明Logistic-CA、DT-CA两种模型更适用于研究单一土地利用类型的模拟,ANN-CA更适用于涉及多种土地利用类型转换的模拟。而后,利用综合表现最佳的DT-CA模型对长春市主城区2015—2025年的城市扩展进行预测,模拟结果可为相关部门对土地规划的宏观决策提供一定的参考和数据支持。 相似文献
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AnthonyGar-onYeh LIXia 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(1):6-13
This paper presents a new type of cellular automata (CA) model for the simulation of alternative land development using neural networks for urban planning. CA models can be regarded as a planning tool because they can generate alternative urban growth. Alternative development patterns can be formed by using different sets of parameter values in CA simulation. A critical issue is how to define parameter values for realistic and idealized simulation. This paper demonstrates that neural networks can simplify CA models but generate more plausible results. The simulation is based on a simple three-layer network with an output neuron to generate conversion probability. No transition rules are required for the simulation. Parameter values are automatically obtained from the training of network by using satellite remote sensing data. Original training data can be assessed and modified according to planning objectives. Alternative urban patterns can be easily formulated by using the modified training data sets rather than changing the model. 相似文献
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This paper presents a new type of cellular automata (CA) model for the simulation of alternative land development using neural networks for urban planning. CA models can be regarded as a planning tool because they can generate alternative urban growth. Alternative development patterns can be formed by using different sets of parameter values in CA simulation. A critical issue is how to define parameter values for realistic and idealized simulation. This paper demonstrates that neural netowrks can simplify CA models but generate more plausible results. The simulation is based on a simple three-layer network with an output neuron to generate conversion probability. No transition rules are required for the simulation. Parameter values are automatically obtained from the training of network by using satellite remote sensing data. Original training data can be assessed and modified according to planning objectives. Alternative urban patterns can be easily formulated by using the modified training data sets rather than changing the model. 相似文献
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Calibration of cellular automata models using differential evolution to simulate present and future land use 
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下载免费PDF全文 A key issue in cellular automata (CA) modeling is the minimization of the differences between the actual and simulated patterns, which can be mathematically formulated as an objective function. We develop a new hybrid model (termed DE‐CA) by integrating differential evolution (DE) into CA to solve the objective function and retrieve the optimal CA parameters. Constrained relations among factors were applied in DE to generate different sets of CA parameters for prediction of future scenarios. The DE‐CA model was calibrated using historical spatial data to simulate 2016 land use in Kunming and predict multiple scenarios to the year 2026. Assessment of quantitative accuracy shows that DE‐CA yields 92.4% overall accuracy, where 6.8% is the correctly captured urban growth; further, the model reported only 5.0% false alarms and 2.6% misses. Regarding the simulation ability, our new CA model performs as well as the widely applied genetic algorithm‐based CA model, and outperforms both the logistic regression‐based CA model and a no‐change NULL model. We projected three possible scenarios for the year 2026 using DE‐CA to adequately address the baseline urban growth, environmental protection and urban planning to show the strong prediction ability of the new model. 相似文献
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以广州市番禺区为研究区,构建了相应的城市扩张CA模型,从采样、邻域结构和微观元胞尺度等方面研究了CA模型的敏感性。首先通过改变模型采样比例、样本各个类别的比例等研究样本对模型参数的影响。然后分析不同的邻域结构与模型模拟精度的关系,并从微观尺度分析邻域元胞对中心元胞的影响。最后从空间尺度上分析CA模型在各种不同分辨率下的模拟结果,用景观指数剖析模拟结果的形态,同时在元胞摩尔邻域内分析其3×3邻域的城市发展密度变化情况。实验表明:(1)适当提高采样比例,会得到精度较高的权重,但训练样本中城市用地的比例应该与城市用地的转变量在全区的占比相匹配。(2)不论是采用摩尔邻域还是冯诺依曼邻域,模拟精度均随着空间尺度的增加而降低。在同一空间尺度下,采用摩尔邻域的模拟结果略好。相比冯诺依曼4个邻域元胞,摩尔邻域中的角点对中心元胞具有更大的影响。(3)随着空间分辨的降低,模拟结果的斑块数、斑块密度、聚集度和分形维度值在减少,结构变得简单,而且在微观的摩尔邻域中城市发展密度正在减少,即由高密度向低密度转换。 相似文献
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This article proposes a grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and cellular automata (CA) integrated model for the simulation and spatial optimization of urban growth. A new grey wolf‐inspired approach is put forward to determine the urban growth rules of CA cells by using the GWO algorithm, which is suitable for solving optimization problems. The inspiration for GWO comes from the social leadership of wolf groups, as well as their hunting behavior. The GWO‐optimized urban growth rules for CA describe the relationship between the spatial variables and the urban land‐use status for each cell in the formation of “if–then.” The GWO algorithm and CA model are then integrated as the GWO–CA model for urban growth simulation and optimization. By taking Nanjing City as an example, the simulation accuracy in terms of urban cells is 86.6%, and the kappa coefficient is 0.715, indicating that the GWO algorithm is efficient at obtaining urban growth rules from spatial variables. The validation of the GWO–CA model also illustrates that it performs well in terms of the simulation and spatial optimization of urban growth, and can further contribute to urban planning and management. 相似文献
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基于元胞自动机的遗传神经网络在土地利用变化模拟分析中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
元胞自动机模型在土地扩展的转换规则设计上具有随机性,受周围环境影响较大。文中建立基于BP神经网络和遗传神经网络算法优化的元胞自动机土地扩张模型,对广州市2009—2011年进行城市扩张模拟分析。实验结果显示:BP神经网络能够较好地模拟分布较集中的耕地和林地等区域,精度可达到70%以上,而对于面积较零碎的建筑用地区域,模拟效果较差;而遗传神经网络优化算法能够总体提高模拟精度约5%,部分精度能提高至20%。同时,该算法还能充分考虑影响土地变化的各种扰动因素,优化选择驱动因子和缩短迭代次数,对于城市土地扩张研究具有可行性。 相似文献
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This study presents an optimized algorithm into the cellular automata (CA) models for urban growth simulation in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, China. The optimized CA model by particle swarm optimization (PSO) was compared with the logistic-based cellular automata (LOGIT-CA) model to see the effects of the simulation. The study evaluated the stochastic disturbance in the development of urban growth using the Monte Carlo method; the coefficient d determined the state of urban growth. The validation was conducted by both cross-tabulation test and structural measurements. The results showed that the simulations of PSO-CA were better than LOGIT-CA model, indicating an improvement in the spatio-temporal simulation of urban growth and land use changes in study area. Since the simulations reached their best values when the coefficient was between 1 and 2, the urban growth in the study area was in the period of conversion from spontaneous growth to edge-expansion and infilling growth. 相似文献
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Time is a fundamental dimension in urban dynamics, but the effect of various definitions of time on urban growth models has rarely been evaluated. In urban growth models such as cellular automata (CA), time has typically been defined as a sequence of discrete time steps. However, most urban growth processes such as land‐use changes are asynchronous. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of various temporal dynamics scenarios on urban growth simulation, in terms of urban land‐use planning, and to introduce an asynchronous parcel‐based cellular automata (AParCA) model. In this study, eight different scenarios were generated to investigate the impact of temporal dynamics on CA‐based urban growth models, and their outputs were evaluated using various urban planning indicators. The obtained results show that different degrees of temporal dynamics lead to various patterns appearing in urban growth CA models, and the application of asynchronous (event‐driven) CA models achieves better simulation results than synchronous models. 相似文献