共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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目前我国人防工程只具有平时正常使用功能和战时防空功能,没有平时防灾功能,迫切需要完善工程防灾建设。随着人防与国际民防接轨,人防工程也将向战时防空、平时防灾功能方向发展。通过在人防工程设计中增加平时防灾设计,增加平灾转换设计,明确人防工程的平时防灾功能,特别是通过新技术新材料,实现快速平灾转换,控制平灾转换时间,使得人防工程在现有功能基础上具有平时防灾功能。 相似文献
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随着国家经济建设的发展，各种自然灾害所造成的经济损失将越来越大，资料显示，广东省在1993－1997年间因各种自然灾害所造成的直接损失平均每年约达180亿元，约占我省国民生产总值年增长的20％，本文提出了建立和健全具有政府职能的减灾组织机构，通过立法保证减灾制度的落实，提高城市规划及各种基础设施建设的减灾预防标准，充分发挥高新技术在减灾中的作用，从教育入手提高全民的防灾意识等几条减灾措施。 相似文献
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我国是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,依靠科技进步来提高全国防灾减灾的综合能力已成为防灾减灾工作的重要内容之一。介绍了国内外防灾减灾领域科技应用与建设的现状,讨论了我国在这方面存在的主要问题;总结了国内外防灾减灾领域科技支撑建设的经验与启示,提出了增强我国防灾减灾领域科技应用能力的措施及建议。 相似文献
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“5·12”汶川特大地震灾害特点及其防灾启示 总被引：11，自引：6，他引：5
本文介绍了"5·12"汶川特大地震发生的构造背景、震源与余震分布特点,认为该地震是青藏高原巴颜喀拉块体东向运动并与四川盆地相互长期作用的结果,地震主要能量释放在长330km、宽52km、深20km的块体(震源体)内,能量释放时间长达100多秒.地震在震源体内释放的能量极其不均匀,地面运动在震中区也具有强烈的时间、空间不均匀性.高烈度区沿震源体分布,烈度分布具有明显异常特征.地震造成的人员死亡90%以上位于烈度Ⅸ度以上地区.居民建筑、学校和医院等建筑物遭受严重破坏,交通、水利等生命线也遭受重大破坏.地震引发的崩塌、滑坡和泥石流灾害十分严重.巨大的地震灾害暴露出防震减灾管理、地震科学研究、防震减灾技术研发应用,以及防震减灾宣传等方面的严重不足. 震主要能量释放在长330kin、宽52kin、深20kin的块体(震源体)内,能量释放时间长达100多秒.地震在震源体内释放的能量极其不均匀,地面运动在震中区也具有强烈的时间、空间不均匀性.高烈度区沿震源体分布,烈度分布具有明显异常特征.地震造成的人员死亡90%以上位于烈度Ⅸ度以上地区.居民建筑、学校和医院等建筑物遭受严重破坏,交通、水利等生命线也遭受重大破坏.地震 发的崩塌、滑坡和泥石流灾害十分严重.巨大的地震灾害暴露出防震减灾管理、地震科学研究、防震减灾技术研发应用,以及防震减灾宣传等方面的严重不足. 震主要能量释放在长330kin、宽52kin、深20k 相似文献
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The paper introduces the tectonic background,focal mechanism and distribution of aftershock of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12,2008. The earthquake is considered to be the result of long-term interaction between the eastward movement of the Bayan Har Block and the Sichuan Basin. Most of the earthquake energy was released in an area (the seismic source body) 330km long,52km wide and 20km deep over 100s. Energy release in the source body was extremely uneven,and strong ground motion in the epicenter area shows obvious asymmetrical character in the time and space scale. The high-intensity area is distributed along the source body,and the intensity distribution bears an obvious anomalous characteristic. The investigation results indicate that more than 90 percent of casualties caused by this earthquake were in the areas of intensity IX or above. Houses,schools and hospitals etc. suffered serious damage. Lifelines such as transportation,water conservation etc. also suffered significant damage. Besides,earthquake-triggered avalanches,landslides,mud-rock flows and so on were extremely serious. The tremendous earthquake disaster highlighted the deficiencies in disaster prevention and mitigation management,scientific earthquake research,technology and application of earthquake disaster prevention,and publicity of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to describe the organisational aspects of the planning, setting up and execution of building inspection operations under emergency conditions, created by damaging earthquakes. The procedures developed herein reflect experience from damaging earthquakes in Greece and elsewhere and were tested in a pilot trial in the Greek city of Chania, with the purpose of adapting them in the overall earthquake emergency response plan of Greece. A computer program, PEADAB (for Post-Earthquake Assessment of Damaged Buildings) has been developed to support the planning and execution of such operations. Technical aspects of the operation are described in a companion paper (Part 1). 相似文献
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The 2018 Palu MW7.5 earthquake and tsunami attracted geophysicists'' attention for its strike slip focal mechanism and magnitude. We inspected the details of this disaster and discussed its particularity and possible causations. The submarine landslide and special terrain conditions could have contributed to the unusual size of the tsunami. The early warning system and the post disaster response is also reviewed. Efficient social warnings and broadcast systems along with good maintenance is essential. We also found that enhancing publics scientific literacy is the most important way to reduce disaster damage and casualties. Moreover, social conditions and rebuilding difficulties post tsunami are related as reference resources for future disaster management strategies. 相似文献
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