共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Virtual differential GPS based on SBAS signal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In order to access the satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) service, the end user needs access to the corresponding geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites that broadcast the augmentation information for the region. This is normally not a problem for aviation and maritime applications, because an open sky is typically available for such applications. However, it is difficult to access the GEO satellites directly at high latitudes for land applications because of the low elevation angles to the GEO satellites (e.g., 4–22° in Finland to the European geostationary navigation overlay services [EGNOS] GEO satellites). Results from a driving test of 6,100 km in Finland show that the EGNOS GEO satellites can be accessed in only 51.8% of the driving routes. Furthermore, it is also difficult to access the GEO satellites from city canyons, because the high buildings block the GEO signals. This article presents a solution to solve this problem by creating virtual differential GPS (DGPS) reference stations using the SBAS signal in space (SIS). The basic concept is to convert the SBAS signal to Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) signals, and broadcast the converted RTCM signals over the wireless Internet using the Internet radio technology. Therefore, access to the SBAS service will not be limited by low elevation angles to the GEO satellites because the converted RTCM data streams are disseminated over the wireless Internet. Furthermore, the SBAS service can then be accessed via a legacy DGPS receiver. Two test cases have been carried out with the prototype system developed by the Finnish Geodetic Institute. The test results showed that the positioning accuracy of the virtual DGPS solution was about 1–2 m at 95%, which was similar to that of the standard WAAS/EGNOS solution. The positioning accuracy was not degraded, compared to that of the standard wide area augmentation system–European geostationary navigation overlay services (WAAS/EGNOS) solution, as long as the distance between the rover receiver and the virtual DGPS reference station was less than 150 km. A preliminary driving test of 400 km carried out in southern Finland showed that the availability of the virtual DGPS solutions was 98.6% along the driving route. 相似文献
2.
城市智能交通、自动驾驶等对高精度动态定位的需求为分米级甚至厘米级,但在城市复杂环境下信号遮挡、衰减和多径频繁发生,GNSS定位的可用性和精度严重降低。本文充分利用现有可用的多频多系统GNSS(GPS/BDS/Galileo/QZSS)数据,采用最新提出的单历元PPP宽巷模糊度固定方法(PPP-WAR),并与传统PPP方法和广域伪距增强精密定位方法进行对比试验,分析了这3种单点高精度定位方法在大都市高楼密布道路、小城镇狭窄道路和工业区开阔道路3种不同信号遮挡条件下的车载动态定位性能。结果表明,目前城市环境中的三频数据完整性高达94%以上,可满足基于多频GNSS单历元定位的需求。粗差阈值设定为3 m时,单历元PPP-WAR解在小城镇狭窄道路的水平定位误差RMS为0.41 m,达到了分米级定位精度,比广域伪距增强精密定位解和传统PPP解分别提高了53.9%和21.2%;3种方法在大都市高楼密布环境下的定位可用性均高于70%,在另外两种城市环境下的定位可用性均高于90%。粗差阈值0.5 m时,单历元PPP-WAR方法和传统PPP方法在小城镇狭窄道路环境中可用性依然可达~70%。单历元PPP-WAR方法受城市环境中4种典型地物(地下通道、高架桥、行道树和高楼)的影响最小。总之,在干扰因素多的城市复杂环境中单历元PPP-WAR方法更具优势,在干扰因素少的城市开阔环境中传统PPP方法更优。 相似文献
3.
本文给出了北斗三号全球导航卫星系统定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、区域短报文通信、全球短报文通信和国际搜救共6类服务的测试评估方法,并利用实测数据对各类服务的核心指标进行了评估。结果表明,定位导航授时服务方面,空间信号测距误差0.23 m(RMS),空间信号可用性99.44%,空间信号连续性99.99%,PDOP可用性100%,B1C信号全球定位精度水平方向1.31 m、垂直方向2.13 m(95%),B1C信号全球定位可用性99.93%,B1C信号授时精度14.7 ns(95%);星基增强服务方面,定位精度水平方向1.03 m、垂直方向2.60 m(95%)、具有垂直引导能力的一类进近(APV-I)可用性100%;精密单点定位服务方面,定位精度水平方向0.17 m(95%)、垂直方向0.22 m(95%)、平均收敛时间9 min;区域短报文通信服务成功率99.6%,服务容量1530万次/h(上行)、935万次/h(下行);全球短报文通信服务成功率96.46%,服务容量40万次/h(上行)、21万次/h(下行);国际搜救服务方面,搜救信号接收成功率98.3%(发射功率37 dBm)。 相似文献
4.
The quality of real-time GPS positions based on the method of precise point positioning (PPP) heavily depends on the availability and accuracy of GPS satellite orbits and satellite clock corrections. Satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) provide such corrections but they are actually intended to be used for wide area differential GPS with positioning results on the 1-m accuracy level. Nevertheless, carrier phase-based PPP is able to achieve much more accurate results with the same correction values. We applied SBAS corrections for dual-frequency PPP and compared the results with PPP obtained using other real-time correction data streams, for example, the GPS broadcast message and precise corrections from the French Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales and the German Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt. Among the three existing SBAS, the best results were achieved for the North American wide area augmentation system (WAAS): horizontal and vertical position accuracies were considerably smaller than 10 cm for static 24-h observation data sets and smaller than 30 cm for epoch-by-epoch solutions with 2 h of continuous observations. The European geostationary navigation overlay service and the Japanese multi-functional satellite augmentation system yield positioning results with biases of several tens of centimeters and variations larger by factors of 2–4 as compared to WAAS. 相似文献
5.
Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBASs) enhance the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to support all phases of flight by providing required accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability. The Korean SBAS program was recently initiated to develop a single-frequency SBAS aiming to provide Approach Procedure with Vertical guidance (APV)-I Safety-of-Life (SoL) service to aviation users by 2022 within the Korean region. We assess the preliminary availability of the single-frequency SBAS which will be deployed in the Korean peninsula. The resulting system performance shall be used as a baseline to design system components and specifications. The fundamental components of SBAS architecture, SBAS monitor network, geostationary earth orbiting satellite parameters, and ionospheric grid point mask, are defined and their effects on system performance are investigated. Ionospheric correction and integrity algorithm parameters including an ionospheric irregularity threat model are determined using data collected from the Korean GNSS network. The coverage of 99.9 % availability for APV-I service increases from approximately 70 % for the baseline case to 100 % when SBAS monitor stations are expanded to overseas. Even with the expanded monitor network, however, 90 % and less than 95 % availability for LPV-200 service can be achieved only in a very limited region. 相似文献
6.
星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation system,SBAS)通过地球同步轨道卫星实时播发导航卫星星历改正数和完好性参数,以提升用户定位精度和完好性。采用最小方差法解算GPS星历改正数,利用卡方统计进行改正数完好性检核,并依据星历改正数方差-协方差信息计算SBAS用户差分距离误差(user differential range error,UDRE)和信息类型28(message type 28, MT28)等完好性参数。利用中国区域27个监测站的实测数据,首先以国际GNSS服务组织的精密轨道和钟差产品为参考解算星历改正数,结果表明,钟差改正精度优于0.1 m,轨道改正精度优于0.4 m;然后解算广播星历改正数,并生成UDRE和MT28参数,广播星历残余误差卡方检验值均小于告警门限,保证了改正数的完好性;最后利用生成的改正数进行SBAS定位解算,得到定位结果的水平精度优于0.7 m,垂直精度优于1.0 m,对比GPS单点定位,所提算法的水平和垂直方向精度分别提升了30%和40%。 相似文献
7.
Real-time precise point positioning regional augmentation for large GPS reference networks 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
An increasing number of GNSS reference stations are installed around the world to provide real-time precise positioning services. In most of the current services, a full network solution is required for the precise determination of biases. Such a network solution is time consuming and difficult to achieve for very large regions such as Europe or China. Therefore, we developed a multi-layer processing scheme for precise point positioning (PPP) regional augmentation to avoid processing large networks. Furthermore, we use L1 and L2 raw observations and estimate atmospheric delays, which were properly constrained to the atmospheric corrections derived from the reference stations. Therefore, inaccurate representation of atmospheric delays due to temporal and/or spatial atmospheric fluctuations in the processing can be compensated. The proposed scheme of PPP regional augmentation was implemented into the operational real-time PPP service system at GFZ for validation. The real-time orbit and clock corrections, the uncalibrated phase delays, and regional augmentation corrections are generated by this system. The augmentation corrections from the regional network are investigated and the positioning performance in terms of positioning accuracy and time for fixed solution is demonstrated in real-time. Our results indicate that a reliable fixing is possible after 5 s on average. The positioning accuracy is about 12, 10, and 25 mm in east, north, and vertical direction, respectively. 相似文献
8.
为了提高GPS卫星导航系统服务性能,很多国家和地区建立了独立的星基增强系统(SBAS),通过提供广播星历差分与完好性增强信息,满足高精度高完好性用户使用需求。本文介绍了美国WAAS和欧洲EGNOS等星基增强系统的广播星历差分完好性信息电文编码格式,并对实际星基增强系统的广播星历差分与完好性电文进行解析。由于不同的星基增强系统采用的信息处理模式不同,针对WAAS和EGNOS两个不同地区建立的星基增强系统,对广播星历差分慢变改正／快变改正的变化特征进行了比较分析。研究了星基增强系统广播星历差分完好性信息用户使用算法,基于国际GNSS服务组织(IGS)提供的GPS实测数据,对WAAS系统和EGNOS系统的广播星历差分服务精度和完好性性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,WAAS系统的伪距单点定位精度约为1.2 m, EGNOS系统的伪距单点定位精度约为1.8 m,与GPS基本导航服务相比,伪距单点定位精度可提高约22％和16％。两个星基增强系统利用完好性电文计算的完好性保护限值大致相当,均在16 m以内,能够对定位误差进行包络。 相似文献
9.
精密定位的质量控制和完好性评估是实时全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)导航应用不可或缺的环节,尤其是在GNSS易受损害的城市峡谷等场景下,这种需求更加迫切.广域精密单点定位(PPP)瞬时分米级定位,利用GNSS三频信号形成的两个宽巷观测值可以实现单点单历元分米级定位.然而,在城市复杂环境中,反射信号、严重多路径以及其他信号干扰对定位造成的影响无法准确评估与识别,限制了PPP瞬时分米级单点定位的应用.完好性概念中的高级接收机自主完好性监测(ARAIM)可以计算用户定位误差最小置信区间的上限保护水平(PL)以评估定位有效性,可经过一定改进用于PPP瞬时定位的质量控制.针对当前ARAIM中计算PL的误差模型难以适应高精度定位需求的问题,提出了一种改进的ARAIM PL算法,称其为BARAIM(Back Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring).使用PPP三频组合观测值残差对ARAIM权与误差模型进行修正以计算PL.基于不同复杂程度的环境下采集的车载数据对算法进行了验证,对PL的改进情况以及导航的可用性提升情况进行评估.结果表明:在不同环境下,基于改进的B-ARAIM算法得到的PL,相比传统方法得到的PL更符合城市定位的需要,将PL降低了30%~70%.此方法有助于将ARAIM算法应用在高精度GNSS定位领域. 相似文献
10.
针对目前非差精密单点定位增强信息无法直接用于RTK（real time kinematic）相对定位的问题，研究了基于附加坐标约束的参考站非差精密单点模糊度固定解提取非差改正信息的方法，并建立了非差增强信息与虚拟参考站观测信息等价变换模型，重点论述了空间状态域信息（state space representation，SSR）在等价变换中的区别应用。根据RTK模糊度部分固定技术，利用实测数据设计实验证明了算法的正确性与可用性。结果表明，虚拟零基线可获得与网络RTK同等精度的定位效果，从而实现了区域增强系统在非差与差分模式上的高度统一。 相似文献
11.
12.
通过载噪比(CNR)、数据完整率、伪距与载波相位观测值噪声和伪距多路径效应四个指标对北斗三号卫星导航系统(BDS-3)新频点B1C/B2a车载动态数据的特性进行了分析,测试了BDS-3新频点动态精密单点定位(PPP)的性能,并与其它全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)进行了对比. 试验结果表明,BDS-3新频点B2a平均CNR优于北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)其它频率,但略差于GPS L5;相较于其它GNSS,BDS数据完整率相对较高,其中BDS-3 B2a新频点数据完整率最高;BDS-3 B2b伪距观测值噪声最小,B1C和B2a伪距观测值噪声约为B2b信号的3倍,但不同频率相位观测值噪声处于同一量级;对于伪距多路径而言,BDS-3 B1C/B2a 信号略小于B2b 信号. 总体而言,GPS L5信号抑制多路径效应的能力最强. 在动态PPP性能方面,BDS-3 B1C/B2a双频组合动态PPP定位精度最优,其三维(3D)均方根(RMS)误差为0.439 m,相比BDS B1I/B3I、GPS L1/L2、GLONASS G1/G2和Galileo E1/E5a双频组合PPP,其精度改善率分别为49%、56%、81%和42%. 相似文献
13.
北斗三号卫星导航系统（BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system,BDS-3）全球组网工作全面建成,标志着BDS-3迈入全球定位、导航和授时服务的新时代。为了全面比较BDS-3系统与其余全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system,GNSS）非组合精密单点定位（precise point positioning,PPP）性能,重点分析不同分析中心BDS-3精密轨道和钟差产品的一致性、BDS-3/GNSS卫星可用性、BDS-3/GNSS单系统及多系统融合PPP定位性能。结果表明,基于5个分析中心的精密轨道和钟差产品,BDS-3静态PPP三维均方根误差约为2.31~4.00 cm,其单系统收敛时间明显慢于其余GNSS系统,GPS系统的加入对BDS-3/GNSS双系统融合PPP改善效果最为明显,且四系统融合能够有效地缩短收敛时间,并提高动态PPP定位精度。随着BDS-3系统的发展以及轨道和钟差产品的进一步完善,BDS-3同样具备其余GNSS系统提供优质导航定位服务的潜力。 相似文献
14.
在复杂艰险地区的铁路沿线上全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)基准站相对较少且稀疏,如何获得该场景下测站点的高精度位置信息是亟待解决的重大问题. 论文以GPS系统为例,利用铁路沿线上7个GNSS测站点(14个观测时段)分别开展了卫星跟踪数和位置精度因子(PDOP)评估,观测数据的可靠性、高精度性验证以及固定解精密单点定位(PPP)技术研究. 试验结果表明:1) 在所有时间段内卫星平均跟踪数约分布在5.14～9.07颗,PDOP平均值约分布在2.19～5.72 cm,具有较高地定位可用性;2) 模糊度固定的PPP可进一步改善铁路环境下的单点定位精度. 当观测时间约为90 min时,其在水平方向和高程方向上可分别实现优于10 cm和15 cm的解算精度,且相对于浮点解,三维方向上的定位精度可提升约35.43%. 该研究可为复杂铁路场景下的勘测和施工阶段提供高精度的测站位置信息. 相似文献
15.
针对GNSS多系统组合进行PPP定位的问题,推导了基于UofC模型的多系统组合PPP的函数模型和随机模型。最后采用IGS观测站30 d的部分观测数据对不同组合模式的PPP进行了解算。试验分析结果表明：GNSS多系统组合PPP收敛时间与GPS单系统相比可以缩短30%~50%。对于定位精度,在观测时长较短时（如0.5 h）,GNSS多系统组合PPP整体上具有较优的定位精度,N、E方向偏差和标准差分别为0.3、0.5 cm和1.9、4.3 cm,短时间内由于对流层参数与垂直方向的强相关性,使得U方向精度稍差。此外,在卫星高度截止角大于40°的条件下,单系统可见卫星数不足从而导致无法进行连续定位,但多系统组合具有更多的可视卫星,仍能获得较好的定位精度,使其在建筑物密集区、山区和卫星遮挡较为严重的恶劣条件下具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
16.
低轨导航增强GNSS发展综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
低轨星座具有地面接收信号强度高、几何图形变化快的优势，能够与中高轨GNSS星座形成互补，对增强GNSS的精度、完好性、连续性和可用性具有显著优势，已成为当前卫星导航领域的关注热点。本文首先简要介绍了现有的GNSS增强系统；总结了国内外低轨导航增强星座发展现状；针对低轨导航增强，对比分析了高中低轨导航星座的优缺点；重点讨论了低轨导航增强在联合定轨、快速精密定位、空间天气监测和室内定位等方面带来的机遇；分析指出了低轨导航增强的空间段、地面段和用户段所面临的挑战。 相似文献
17.
In integrated systems for accurate positioning, which consist of GNSS, INS, and other sensors, the GNSS positioning accuracy has a decisive influence on the performance of the entire system and thus is very important. However, GNSS usually exhibits poor positioning results in urban canyon environments due to pseudorange measurement errors caused by multipath creation, which leads to performance degradation of the entire positioning system. For this reason, in order to maintain the accuracy of an integrated positioning system, it is necessary to determine when the GNSS positioning is accurate and which satellites can have their pseudorange measured accurately without multipath errors. Thus, the objective of our work is to detect the multipath errors in the satellite signals and exclude these signals to improve the positioning accuracy of GNSS, especially in an urban canyon environment. One of the previous technologies for tackling this problem is RAIM, which checks the residual of the least square and identifies the suspicious satellites. However, it presumes a Gaussian measurement error that is more common in an open-sky environment than in the urban canyon environment. On the other hand, our proposed method can estimate the size of the pseudorange error directly from the information of altitude positioning error, which is available with an altitude map. This method can estimate even the size of non-Gaussian error due to multipath in the urban canyon environment. Then, the estimated pseudorange error is utilized to weight satellite signals and improve the positioning accuracy. The proposed method was tested with a low-cost GNSS receiver mounted on a test vehicle in a test drive in Nagoya, Japan, which is a typical urban canyon environment. The experimental result shows that the estimated pseudorange error is accurate enough to exclude erroneous satellites and improve the GNSS positioning accuracy. 相似文献
18.
随着全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的发展和移动通信技术的进步,用户对位置服务(LBS)提出了更高的要求. 本文采用市面上常见的两部Android智能手机采集GNSS数据,对Android智能手机伪距单点定位(SPP)和单频精密单点定位(PPP)算法进行研究,分析了在不同条件下智能手机的SPP、单频PPP定位性能. 结果表明:在使用多普勒平滑伪距和信噪比随机模型的基础上,Android智能手机GPS单系统的SPP定位精度可达3 m,GPS、Galileo、GLONASS、北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)四系统定位精度可达亚米级. 在单频PPP静态定位中,在GPS单系统下,定位精度仅能达到米级,且收敛时间较长;在GPS、Galileo、GLONASS、BDS四系统下,定位精度可达亚米级,且平面方向可在40 min内收敛. 在单频PPP动态定位中,手机的定位精度仅能达到米级. 相似文献
19.
Currently, the GNSS computing modes are of two classes: network-based data processing and user receiver-based processing. A GNSS reference receiver station essentially contributes raw measurement data in either the RINEX file format or as real-time data streams in the RTCM format. Very little computation is carried out by the reference station. The existing network-based processing modes, regardless of whether they are executed in real-time or post-processed modes, are centralised or sequential. This paper describes a distributed GNSS computing framework that incorporates three GNSS modes: reference station-based, user receiver-based and network-based data processing. Raw data streams from each GNSS reference receiver station are processed in a distributed manner, i.e., either at the station itself or at a hosting data server/processor, to generate station-based solutions, or reference receiver-specific parameters. These may include precise receiver clock, zenith tropospheric delay, differential code biases, ambiguity parameters, ionospheric delays, as well as line-of-sight information such as azimuth and elevation angles. Covariance information for estimated parameters may also be optionally provided. In such a mode the nearby precise point positioning (PPP) or real-time kinematic (RTK) users can directly use the corrections from all or some of the stations for real-time precise positioning via a data server. At the user receiver, PPP and RTK techniques are unified under the same observation models, and the distinction is how the user receiver software deals with corrections from the reference station solutions and the ambiguity estimation in the observation equations. Numerical tests demonstrate good convergence behaviour for differential code bias and ambiguity estimates derived individually with single reference stations. With station-based solutions from three reference stations within distances of 22–103 km the user receiver positioning results, with various schemes, show an accuracy improvement of the proposed station-augmented PPP and ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions with respect to the standard float PPP solutions without station augmentation and ambiguity resolutions. Overall, the proposed reference station-based GNSS computing mode can support PPP and RTK positioning services as a simpler alternative to the existing network-based RTK or regionally augmented PPP systems. 相似文献
20.
北斗广域高精度时间服务原型系统 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)的时间传递技术以其精度高、覆盖范围广的优点成为性能最优的GNSS时间传递方法之一。随着广域差分产品时效性的提高,实时PPP时间传递开始应用于精密授时的研究。本文在PPP时间传递技术的基础上,结合实时卫星钟差估计、接收机时钟调控及硬件延迟标校技术,建立了基于北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou navigation satellite system,BDS)的广域高精度时间服务(wide-area precise timing,WPT)系统,可为用户实时提供准确、稳定、可溯源的时间。WPT系统分为时间服务平台和用户终端两个部分。时间服务平台引入高精度的时间作为系统的参考时间基准,并提供广域实时差分改正数;用户终端基于实时PPP时间传递算法获取本地钟与系统时间基准的差异,并采用精密调钟技术实现终端与系统的同步。为了验证系统的实时授时性能,本文进行了零基线、短基线及广域环境下的性能测试和评估。试验结果表明,该系统零基线、短基线时间同步精度优于0.5 ns,广域条件下单天的授时精度均优于1 ns,为基于北斗系统的精密授时技术发展提供了参考。 相似文献