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油气运聚单元分析:油气勘探评价的有效途径 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
油气运聚单元是盆地中被油气运移分割槽所围限的具有相似油气运移和聚集特征的独立和完整的三维石油地质单元。油气运聚单元主要根据盆地油气运移聚集特征来划分,油气运聚单元的边界是流体势高势面所确定的油气运移分割槽或在油气运移过程中起分割作用的其它地质体,如大断裂等。油气运聚单元的分析内容主要包括有效烃源岩的规模及其演化历史、油气输导体系类型和分布、圈闭的类型及其有效性以及运移聚集特征,它们是决定运聚单元油气资源丰度的主要因素。油气运聚单元分析可以比油气系统分析对勘探目标做出更直接的评价,可以作为油气勘探的直接依据。 相似文献
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巴彦浩特盆地是油气勘探的重点,但其流体势特征及油气运聚单元始终未进行研究,限制了区域成藏研究及勘探目标的优选。文章探讨巴彦浩特盆东部坳陷石炭系流体势特征及油气运聚单元的划分,从油气运移动力学角度分析巴彦浩特盆地东部坳陷油气运聚规律及原因。以盆地主要成藏时期晚白垩世的构造演化活动为基础,结合该时期的构造格局,计算出巴彦浩特盆地东部坳陷晚白垩世时期石炭系流体势,明确流体势场表现出的油气运聚特征。结果表明晚白垩世时期石炭系总体上表现为自坳陷东部及南部向西部及东南部降低的规律,高势区分布范围较小,主体位于坳陷的东部及南部。在此基础上,可划分为3个油气运聚区8个油气运聚单元。上述流体势特征有利于油气长期运移聚集,较好的油气运聚单元是未来巴彦浩特盆地东部坳陷勘探的主要潜力区。 相似文献
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松辽盆地南部高台子油层成藏动力学 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以油气成藏动力学系统研究为核心,在松辽盆地南部油气成藏地质条件分析的基础上,对高台子油层现今流体势进行计算和古流体势恢复。结果表明：高台子油层古-今流体势在大安凹陷-长岭凹陷一带始终为一个高势带;高流体势带构成了盆地南部一级流体分隔槽,流体分隔槽以西流体势等值线形态简单,以东则较复杂。依据流体势场,在中央分隔槽以西划分出1-2个它源（自源）开放成藏动力系统,以东划分出2-3个它源（自源）开放（半封闭）成藏动力系统,每个成藏动力系统构成一个相对独立的汇聚单元。利用油气成藏动力系统分析结果,结合构造沉积演化及储层流体包裹体研究,分析了松辽盆地南部高台子油层的油气充注过程和聚集规律。发育于斜坡区和近凹陷隆起区的各类圈闭,由于流体势梯度大,有利于形成各类油气藏。 相似文献
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从微观到宏观研究了盖层封闭特征,从垂向和侧向两个方面研究了断层的封闭特征,通过古流体势场恢复,研究了本区油气运聚形式。根据封盖条件、生储特征、运移特征,将延吉盆地东部坳陷划分了三个油气运聚系统,即德新地区封闭型运聚成藏系统、广兴—东风地区半封闭型油气运聚系统、延吉—东盛涌地区油气逸散系统。在油气运聚系统划分的基础上,对有利探区进行了预测。 相似文献
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基于对油气运移机理现有认识的综合研究,提出了油气运聚模拟的地质概念模型和充分考虑地质综合研究并可人工干预的综合分析模拟.大尺度地质概念模型是以含油气系统为单位的三维面状模型,而小尺度模型则是以油气运聚单元为单位的、由一个或多个三维面以及断层组合而成的网络状格架模型.油气运聚过程的综合分析模拟应在层序地层格架内以含油气系统(或油气运聚单元)为单位建立初始地质模型,应用古构造恢复、古流体势恢复、油气运秽路径模拟、优势运移通道分析、模拟结果综合评价等技术,依据层序地层格架所提供的精确时间间隔单元进行三维的、动态的模拟.模拟的相关技术和方法可在信息集成平台的基础上,基于一系列空间数据处理方法开发实现. 相似文献
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利用流体势研究了油气运聚规律的原理,并讨论了断层封闭与开启以及砂体分布连续性对流体势空间分布特征的影响。通过对若不考虑断层和砂体分布的连续性,可能对油气运移方向、聚集场所误判和遗失三种情形的分析,阐明了断层和砂体分布连续性在油气运聚规律研究中的重要地位。 相似文献
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以伊通盆地岔路河断陷含油气系统研究为基础,应用二维(2D)盆地模拟方法,对伊通盆地岔路河断陷内主要生储组合E2s(油源)-E2s(储层)的油气二次运移演化历史进行了模拟恢复;并依据区内油气汇聚区带的平面分布特征划分油气运聚单元,基于此对各运聚单元内的烃源条件、输导体系、保存条件等油气成藏条件进行综合对比.研究表明:(1)岔路河断陷含油气系统要素配置关系良好,且发育3期油气成藏,E2s-E2s(!)为已证实的最重要的含油气系统;(2)岔路河断陷势能场分布控制了同期油气二次运移方向和强度,区内主成藏期油气二次运移范围广、强度(流线密度)大,有利运移指向区主要集中于西北缘盆缘断裂附近和东部的万昌、梁家构造带之内的油气低势区;(3)岔路河断陷可划分为4个油气运聚单元(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ),运聚单元Ⅱ的成藏条件最为优越,而运聚单元Ⅰ内的万昌构造带围斜地区亦可作为本区有利勘探区带. 相似文献
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Relation between source rock properties and wireline log parameters: An example from Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, NW-Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The relationships between source rock quality and wireline log parameters were established for the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, the most prolific petroleum source rock of Central Europe. Wireline logs used are the gamma ray spectrometry, density, sonic and various resistivity logs. The organic geochemical parameters considered include the organic carbon content, hydrogen index, and the hydrocarbon potential expressed by pyrolysis yield. The case history presented is based on a continuous core through the entire Posidonia Shale interval from a location where this source rock is immature. Care was taken to detect and to avoid samples and log values influenced by bore hole roughness and fractures. Fair correlations were observed only between uranium content from gamma ray spectrometry log and organic carbon content. No correlation was recognized between uranium content and kerogen type as defined by hydrogen indices. For various reasons density, sonic, and resistivity logs did not provide useful data in this study.Three rock units with irregular, high and low uranium contents could be differentiated. Possible causes for this tripartition are different environments during deposition and postdepositional redistribution of uranium during early diagenesis and in association with fractures. 相似文献
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西昆仑山前冲断系的结构特征 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
西昆仑山前为一薄皮冲断构造系 ,按冲断系不同区段结构和变形样式的差异 ,由北而南可以将西昆仑冲断系分为以薄皮变形为主的北带和以厚皮变形为主的南带。北带进一步划分为 :帕米尔北缘弧形构造带、齐姆根构造带、柯克亚—桑株构造带和皮山—和田构造带 4个次一级构造带。其中 ,帕米尔北缘弧形构造带为显露型近东西走向展布的紧密的线性冲断褶皱带和断裂带 ;齐姆根构造带为受走滑与冲断作用复合影响的隐伏型盲冲走滑构造带 ;柯克亚—桑株构造带是以冲断作用为主的隐伏型盲冲构造带 ;皮山—和田构造带则是典型的显露型冲断推覆体。构造带的走向差异、边界条件的不同和空间上的制约是各构造带之间差异活动的原因。在每一个构造线变化的区段与邻近部位具有不同的结构 ,从而在空间上形成了较为复杂的冲断体系。 相似文献
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本文中的中国主要指我国的大陆、海南岛及台湾等地区的陆地部分。本文由中国早寒武世早期及晚期的岩相古地理图2幅及相应的文字论述组成。这两幅岩相古地理图的最大特征是“两槽和三台相间分布”。两槽即天山北山蒙辽吉槽地和昆仑秦岭槽地,三台即准噶尔蒙兴槽地、塔里木柴达木华北台地和西藏华南台地。两个槽地与三个台地之间的界限是根据大地构造、地层、岩石、岩相等资料综合判断而定的,绝大部分是比较确切的,有的地方是推断的。天山北山槽地可分出次级岩相古地理单元,其他槽地的次级岩相古地理单元尚难以划分。在三个台地中,华南、华北和西北地区的研究程度较高,它们的次级岩相古地理单元的划分均有确切的定量资料和图件为依据,是定量的,而且还能把早寒武世早期和晚期的岩相古地理区分开;其他地区的研究程度较低,难以再划分次级古地理单元,其古地理图都只能是定性的。这种研究程度有差异的、定量和定性兼有的、全国范围的岩相古地理图,既反映笔者等的研究成果,也反映我国当前地质工作的研究程度,优缺兼有,实虚共存。敬请读者指教。 相似文献
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以地震滑坡作为研究对象,选取"4·20"芦山地震中芦山县为研究区,结合多源数据,在相关分析后选取10个评价因子,分别是地面高程、坡度、坡向、斜坡形态、地层、斜坡结构、断层平均距离、水系平均距离、植被指数和地震峰值加速度,在数字高程模型基础上采用集水区重叠法划分斜坡单元,再对各评价因子重采样,进而利用基于遗传算法的神经网络算法构建地震滑坡危险性评价模型,完成地震滑坡危险性区划。将基于斜坡单元的危险性区划结果和基于格网单元的区划结果进行比较,结果显示滑坡正确率分别为96.6%和92.6%,斜坡单元的正确率较高;同时通过多组数据的受试者工作特征曲线分析本评价模型的不确定性,每组曲线位置及曲线下面积大小相当。 相似文献
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Stochastic simulation has been proven to be a useful tool for revealing uncertainties in petroleum exploration and exploitation. The application to petroleum resource assessment would result in predicted potential accumulations with geographic locations, a desirable feature for improving both resource management and exploration efficiency. The associated uncertainties with the prediction provide information useful for exploration risk analysis. This attempt has been encumbered by two typical technical difficulties: biased observation data and lack of information with respect to the undiscovered accumulation locations. In this paper we propose a model-based simulation approach, in which models are used to perform unbiased parameter estimation from biased data and to facilitate the location of undiscovered petroleum accumulations based on reasoning of available geological and geophysical observations. The Fourier transform algorithm is chosen for the simulation because the spatial correlation and location-specific features can be studied separately from different data sources and integrated in the simulation in a frequency domain. The proposed approach is illustrated by an example from the Rainbow petroleum play in the West Canadian Sedimentary Basin. In the application example, a pre-1994 exploration history data set was used as input, and the predictions are then checked against the locations of post-1993 exploratory drilling results. The comparison of the predictions from the proposed approach and the traditional conditional simulation shows that the model-based approach captures the essentials of geological controls on the spatial distribution of petroleum accumulation, thus improving the projections of undiscovered petroleum accumulations. 相似文献
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Data from a direct current resistivity survey and geologic logs from boreholes were used to map the top of permafrost at
a remote air force installation in Alaska. This study resulted from a remedial investigation that was conducted at Eielson
Air Force Base near Fairbanks, Alaska, under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA) regulations. The depth and continuity of the permafrost was important in determining the fate of petroleum contamination
that was inadvertently discharged to the ground during earlier air force operations. The results indicate that the top of
permafrost forms a highly irregular surface. In general, however, the top of permafrost forms a diagonal ridge at the center
of the contour grid that is bordered on each side by troughs.
Received: 21 November 1995 · Accepted: 5 March 1996 相似文献
17.
羌塘坳陷石油地质走廊剖面重磁异常处理模拟及地质解释 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用“重磁视深度滤波”方法对羌塘石油地质走廊南、北两条剖面上的实测重磁数据进行处理解释,提取两条剖面位场异常中含有的地质-地球物理断面的初始特征,然后使用最新的“重磁模拟解释系统（GM-SYS）”,以初始特征为模拟初值,以地震、地电和地质资料为约束,进行重磁剖面模拟反演,获得了羌塘盆地南、北两条剖面精细的地质结构解释断面图和栅状图。结合剖面域内的其它资料对走廊域内几个重要地质问题进行了初步的分析和解释,对羌塘盆地石油地质走廊域内的地层、基底、断裂及火山岩分布有了进一步的认识,为整个羌塘盆地区域地质解释及油气远景评价提供了新的解释依据。 相似文献
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The published data on the sedimentation conditions, structure, and tectonic evolution of the Anadyr Basin in the Mesozoic
and Cenozoic are reviewed. These data are re-examined in the context of modern tectonic concepts concerning the evolution
of the northwestern Circum-Pacific Belt. The re-examination allows us not only to specify the regional geology and tectonic
history, but also to forecast of the petroleum resource potential of the sedimentary cover based on a new concept. The sedimentary
cover formation in the Anadyr Basin is inseparably linked with the regional tectonic evolution. The considered portion of
the Chukchi Peninsula developed in the Late Mesozoic at the junction of the ocean-type South Anyui Basin, the Asian continental
margin, and convergent zones of various ages extending along the Asia-Pacific interface. Strike-slip faulting and pulses of
extension dominated in the Cenozoic largely in connection with oroclinal bending of structural elements pertaining to northeastern
Eurasia and northwestern North America against the background of accretion of terranes along the zone of convergence with
the Pacific oceanic plates. Three main stages are recognized in the formation of the sedimentary cover in the Anadyr Basin.
(1) The lower portion of the cover was formed in the Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene under conditions of alternating settings
of passive and active continental margins. The Cenomanian-lower Eocene transitional sedimentary complex is located largely
in the southern Anadyr Basin (Main River and Lagoonal troughs). (2) In the middle Eocene and Oligocene, sedimentation proceeded
against the background of extension and rifting in the northern part of the paleobasin and compression in its southern part.
The compression was caused by northward migration of the foredeep in front of the accretionary Koryak Orogen. The maximum
thickness of the Eocene-Oligocene sedimentary complex is noted mainly in the southern part of the basin and in the Central
and East Anadyr troughs. (3) The middle Miocene resumption of sedimentation was largely related to strike-slip faulting and
rifting. In the Miocene to Quaternary, sedimentation was the most intense in the central and northern parts of the Anadyr
Basin, as well as in local strike-slip fault-line depressions of the Central Trough. Geological and geophysical data corroborate
thrusting in the southern Anadyr Basin. The amplitude of thrusting over the Main River Trough reaches a few tens of kilometers.
The vertical thickness of the tectonically screened Paleogene and Neogene rocks in the southern Main River Trough exceeds
10 km. The quantitative forecast of hydrocarbon emigration from Cretaceous and Paleogene source rocks testifies to the disbalance
between hydrocarbons emigrated and accumulated in traps of petroleum fields discovered in the Anadyr Basin. The southern portion
of the Anadyr Basin is the most promising for the discovery of new petroleum fields in the Upper Cretaceous, Eocene, and Upper
Oligocene-Miocene porous and fracture-porous reservoir rocks in subthrust structural and lithological traps. 相似文献