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文中详细阐述了印前系统直接制版版材的制作原理及其输出工艺.通过选择经过采用特殊染料增感的卤化银乳剂作为银盐扩散型直接制版版材的感光物质,使之对630～680 nm的激光极为敏感;控制合成过程中化学反应条件,获得致密、具有一定的厚度和耐磨性能的核层;经涂布制成银盐扩散型直接制版版材,并配制出与之相适应的亲水、感脂液.实验证明,该版材适合CTP系统输出,经显影稳定后具有良好的印刷适性,可作为少份数印品的印刷版材. 相似文献
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文中详细阐述了印前系统直接制版版材的制作原理及其输出工艺.通过选择经过采用特殊染料增感的卤化银乳剂作为银盐扩散型直接制版版材的感光物质,使之对630～680 nm的激光极为敏感;控制合成过程中化学反应条件,获得致密、具有一定的厚度和耐磨性能的核层;经涂布制成银盐扩散型直接制版版材,并配制出与之相适应的亲水、感脂液.实验证明,该版材适合CTP系统输出,经显影稳定后具有良好的印刷适性,可作为少份数印品的印刷版材. 相似文献
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数学形态学着重于分析和处理图像的几何结构信息。根据这一原理，在图像分类预处理过程中，对各种地物区域的几何结构特点进行分析，构造相应的结构元素，然后对图像进行形态迭代分解法(IMD，Iterative Morphological Decompostion)变换。在变换结果中，地物区域的灰度信息进行了归一化处理，同时区域的几何结构特点和独立地物得到了有效保留。将多光谱图像的IMD变换结果进行分类实验的结果表明，该方法可以有效提高多光谱图像分类的精度和效率，具有较强的适用性。 相似文献
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高光谱中的Hughes现象与低通滤波器的运用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
由于高光谱图像具有很高的光谱分辨率，能够提供更为丰富的地面信息，正在受到国内外的广泛关注。针对高光谱分析过程中产生的Hughes现象，分析了其产生的原因，指出可以在图像预处理阶段对样本进行低通滤波，有效地削弱这种影响。 相似文献
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植被单叶光谱特性的理论模拟 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用PROSPECT模型和实测的玉米叶片光谱数据，得出了叶肉结构参数N，从而模拟了在不同的叶绿不比和水分含量下玉米叶片的光学特性；发现叶绿素对叶片吸收率的影响在可见光部分占了主导作用，随着叶绿素含量的增加，叶片的吸收率增加；从近红外到2400nm，水分对吸收率的影响占据了主导地位，此时，随着水分含量的增加，叶片的吸收率也开始增加。同时，给定叶绿素和水分含量，还模拟了当叶肉结构参数变化时的叶片的光学特性，随着N的增大，叶片的反射率逐渐增大，并渐趋一致，而透过率随着N的增加而渐减小，最后也逐渐靠近。 相似文献
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为了监测污水排放后扩散和稀释的过程,可在污水里注入染料,利用考察船追踪其羽状扩散痕迹(以下简称痕迹)。最近几年的实践证明,遥感影像是船只调查的有效辅助手段。这是因为遥感影像可实时显示大范围的痕迹,而船只调查,由于潮汐、风和水流变化的缘故,是不能做到这点的。 本文所描述的调查,旨在通过机载多光谱扫描影像和模型化、反演及精度评价等一套方法,对三种染色的下水道污水浓度作出估算与制图。 航空多光谱扫描数据,经过辐射、大气和辐射纠正后,所得的标准化辐射指数与染料浓度密切相关(r=0.85,相关在99％置信度水平上显著)。将这个关系对所有航空多光谱扫描数据进行反演和外推后得到22个痕迹图。作7组分类时,染料浓度的痕迹图,在95％的置信度水平上,达到49-90％的精度;作2组分类时,在95％的置信度水平上,精度提高到68-100％。 相似文献
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多光谱多角度遥感数据综合反演叶面积指数方法研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
叶面积指数是陆地生态系统的一个十分重要的结构参数。用遥感数据求取叶面积指数可以利用光谱的信息,比如通过植被指数来拟合一个经验关系,但很多植被指数明显受土壤背景的影响,对于有明显行结构的农作物,土壤的影响很难消除,植被指数的方法误差较大。多角度遥感包含了大量的地面目标的立体结构信息,具备求解植被特征参数的潜力,但通常多角度遥感反演对光谱信息的利用不足。与以往的反演方法相区别,该文利用行播作物二向反射模型,将多角度与多光谱数据结合进行行播作物LAI反演实验,并对反演算法进行了详细的敏感性分析实验,结果表明采用多角度、多光谱遥感数据相结合的方法可以有效反演行播作物的叶面积指数。 相似文献
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石油类污染水体吸收特性分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
石油类污染物主要以漂浮油、分散油、乳化油和分解油等形式存在于水体中,影响着水体的表观和固有光学特性。利用2008年5月在辽宁省盘锦市辽河油田境内双台子河和绕阳河所测定的水色三要素吸收系数以及对应的水体组分数据,分析了研究区域内Ⅱ类水体水色三要素的吸收光谱特性;探讨了水体中由于石油类污染物的存在,黄色物质和色素吸收光谱的变化特征;采用差值法确定了水体中石油类污染物的吸收系数。研究结果表明:(1)研究区域内,无论是石油类污染水体还是非石油类污染水体,非色素颗粒物和黄色物质的吸收光谱都遵循e指数衰减规律,色素吸收光谱在440nm和675nm处有以叶绿素为主的典型的色素吸收峰,在490nm处有类胡萝卜素的吸收峰;(2)对于石油类污染水体,在测定黄色物质和色素吸收系数时,由于包含了石油类污染物的作用,会增大黄色物质和色素的吸收系数;(3)石油类物质的吸收光谱曲线和非色素颗粒物、黄色物质一样遵循e指数衰减规律,但三者的指数函数斜率有明显的差别,这为将三者区分开来提供了可行性。 相似文献
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A non-linear iterative method is used to replace the traditional spectral slope technique in initializing the total absorption decomposition model. Based on comparison of absorption coefficient by QAA and two-band semi-analytical model (TSAA) models with field measurements collected from the West Florida Shelf waters and Bohai Sea, it is shown that both models are effective in estimating absorption coefficients from the West Florida Shelf waters, but the TSAA model is superior to the QAA model. Use of the TSAA model in estimating absorption coefficient in the West Florida Shelf and Bohai Sea decreases the uncertainty of estimation by 1.3–74.7% from the QAA model. The TSAA model’s sensitivity to the input parameters was evaluated by varying one parameter and keeping the others fixed at their default values. Our results indicate that the TSAA model has quite a strong noise tolerance to addressing the field data of the total absorption coefficient. 相似文献
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利用最新的全球引力位模型-EGM2008对经典的重力异常阶方差模型进行了分析比较,分析表明,经典的阶方差模型由于限于当时的观测条件,已经不能准确地描述扰动场元在各个频段的频谱分布。在Moritz阶方差模型基础上,利用EGM2008位模型获得的2160阶阶方差重新构建了新的分段重力异常阶方差模型-TSD模型,该模型与EGM2008位模型计算的阶方差比较其标准差和均值分别为0.25mgal2 、0.0 。利用TSD模型计算了不同频段内大地水准面高、重力异常、扰动重力、垂线偏差四个重力场扰动场元的频谱特征,计算结果表明：扰动场元频谱分布较之传统分析结果有较大的变化,其中重力异常、扰动重力及垂线偏差在中、低频部分的能量有明显的增加而高频及甚高频部分的比重有明显的减少。 相似文献
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测量铁化合物溶解物的吸收光谱曲线是水中铁离子含量遥感反演的关键。采用自主设计的水体透射光测量装置,利用ASD光谱仪测量相同厚度不同浓度铁离子溶液的透射光辐亮度,然后运用比值法计算出水中3种铁化合物(硫酸铁、氯化铁和铁氰化钾)的消光系数和吸收系数,最终得到400—900 nm波长范围内3种铁离子吸收系数光谱。该方法可以较好地消除实验装置和水中悬浮物的影响。结果表明,水中3种铁离子均在紫蓝光波段吸收作用较大,绿光次之,逐渐减少至红光波段后,吸收系数变化很小呈平缓直线。测量结果可作为水体铁离子浓度遥感反演模型所需的基础参数。 相似文献
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Y. Divya S. Sanjeevi K. Ilamparuthi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(3):589-600
This paper examines the hyperspectral signatures (in the Visible Near Infrared (VNIR)-Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) regions) of soil samples with varying colour and minerals. 36 samples of sands (from river and beach) with differing clay contents were examined using a hyperspectral radiometer operating in the 350–2,500 nm range, and the spectral curves were obtained. Analysis of the spectra indicates that there is an overall increase in the reflectance in the VNIR-SWIR region with an increase in the content of kaolinite clay in the sand samples. As regards the red and black clays and sand mixtures, the overall reflectance increases with decreasing clay content. Several spectral parameters such as depth of absorption at 1,400 nm and 1,900 nm regions, radius of curvature of the absorption troughs, slope at a particular wavelength region and the peak reflectance values were derived. There exists a correlation between certain of these spectral parameters (depth, slope, position, peak reflectance, area under the curve and radius of the curve) and the compositional and textural parameters of the soils. Based on these well-defined relations, it is inferred that hyperspectral radiometry in the VNIR and SWIR regions can be used to identify the type of clay and estimate the clay content in a given soil and thus define its geotechnical category. 相似文献
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面向土壤分类的高光谱反射特征参数模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了一种无损、快速、成本低的土壤分类方法,选取松嫩平原4种典型土壤(黑土、黑钙土、风砂土和草甸土)耕层(0—20 cm)土样的实验室反射光谱数据作为研究对象,采用重采样、包络线消除法处理光谱数据,提取反映反射光谱特征的光谱特征参数,利用K均值聚类(K-means clustering)和决策树(decision tree)分别进行聚类分析和分类模型构建,实现土壤的快速分类。结果表明,利用表层土壤反射光谱特征参数构建的决策树分类模型可以对研究区土壤进行分类。研究成果有望加快土壤制图,为土壤理化性质的时空变化研究提供技术支持。 相似文献
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Quantification of chlorophyll content provides useful insight into the physiological performance of plants. Several leaf chlorophyll estimation techniques, using hyperspectral instruments, are available. However, to our knowledge, a non-destructive bark chlorophyll estimation technique is not available. We set out to assess Boswellia papyrifera tree bark chlorophyll content and to provide an appropriate bark chlorophyll estimation technique using hyperspectral remote sensing techniques. In contrast to the leaves, the bark of B. papyrifera has several outer layers masking the inner photosynthetic bark layer. Thus, our interest includes understanding how much light energy is transmitted to the photosynthetic inner bark and to what extent the inner photosynthetic bark chlorophyll activity could be remotely sensed during both the wet and the dry season. In this study, chlorophyll estimation using the chlorophyll absorption continuum index (CACI) yielded a higher R2 (0.87) than others indices and methods, such as the use of single band, simple ratios, normalized differences, and conventional red edge position (REP) based estimation techniques. The chlorophyll absorption continuum index approach considers the increase or widening in area of the chlorophyll absorption region, attributed to high concentrations of chlorophyll causing spectral shifts in both the yellow and the red edge. During the wet season B. papyrifera trees contain more bark layers than during the dry season. Having less bark layers during the dry season (leaf off condition) is an advantage for the plants as then their inner photosynthetic bark is more exposed to light, enabling them to trap light energy. It is concluded that B. papyrifera bark chlorophyll content can be reliably estimated using the chlorophyll absorption continuum index analysis. Further research on the use of bark signatures is recommended, in order to discriminate the deciduous B. papyrifera from other species during the dry season. 相似文献
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AbstractThe impact of Brown Carbon (BrC) to aerosol light absorption has been paid more attention recently and there are a large number of studies showing that the influence of BrC on radiative forcing should not be ignored. BrC also acts as an important component of haze pollution which is occurring frequently in Wuhan, China. Therefore, it is essential to estimate their optical properties, composition, and mass concentration. Considering most haze pollution happens during the coldest time, we retrieved BrC columnar content during winter in Wuhan for the first time. Our method bases on the fact that BrC showed the strong spectral dependence on UV-light absorption. Using this method, we found that BrC makes up the small proportions of total aerosol volume (less than 10%). In the winter of 2011, we retrieved the daily-averaged columnar-integrated mass concentration of BrC on clear day is 4.353 mg/m2 while that of haze day is 12.750 mg/m2. According to the sensitivity study, we found that the results highly relied on the assumed aerosol refractive index. To reduce the uncertainty of this approach, we need to gain a better understanding of the temporal variability of the radiation absorbing components of these aerosols in the future. 相似文献
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A multidimensional model of a shelf-zone ecosystem (based on conditions along the northwestern portion of the Black Sea) is elaborated and tested to determine the specific relationships between biochemical ecosystem components responsible for light absorption and scattering in the sea and the spectral composition of the returned radiant energy (e.g., diffuse reflectance values). The ultimate purpose is to derive a body of information making it possible to ascertain chemical and biological conditions in sea water from spectral signatures. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Kosmicheskiye metody izucheniya biosfery [Remote Sensing Methods in the Study of the Biosphere]. Moscow: Nauka, 1990, pp. 111–116. 相似文献