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黄陵断穹核部石墨矿是我国鳞片(晶质)石墨矿的主要产区,对该区石墨矿的研究具有重要理论和实际意义。该区已有石墨矿研究成果多侧重于矿床地质方面,对矿床成因分析缺乏地球化学支撑。为此,本文从地球化学层面查明石墨矿原岩类型,碳质富集岩相、变质作用和晶质石墨的形成,为矿床成因和成矿作用提供地球化学依据。通过系统采集区内主要石墨矿样品,进行主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和同位素分析,根据矿床地球化学原理和分析方法,阐明石墨矿的物质来源,成矿元素集散行为和矿床形成机制。根据主量元素含量和组合,推断石墨的原岩为碳质粉砂质泥岩。微量元素的双重性指示石墨矿的物质有两个来源:中太古代野马洞岩组和中太古代东冲河片麻杂岩。独特的稀土元素配分型式说明物源转化为原岩时存在着强烈的地球化学反应。石墨矿的碳同位素组成支持碳质来自有机物的观点。 相似文献
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Re-Os同位素体系可以为大陆岩石圈地幔形成和演化提供重要制约.在近百个女山地幔橄榄岩捕虏体样品经不同程度的岩石学、岩石化学、矿物化学、单斜辉石微量元素等岩矿和地球化学研究基础上,选择了12个有代表性的样品作Re-Os同位素地球化学研究.其中有5个尖晶石二辉橄榄岩;1个尖晶石方辉橄榄岩;2个角闪石-尖晶石二辉橄榄岩;1个金云母-尖晶石二辉橄榄岩;3个石榴石-尖晶石二辉橄榄岩. 相似文献
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X射线荧光光谱是近代科学技术发展中建立起来的一门新的测试技术。从六十年代起,X射线荧光光谱得到了迅速发展,加上电算技术的应用,更加显示出了X射线荧光光谱的优越性,已经部分代替了一般的化学分析,解决了若干常量和微量元素的分析问题。现在,这种测试方法已被广泛运用到地质、冶金、煤炭、国防等科研和生产的许多部门。下面就X射线荧光光谱在岩矿测试分析中的几个问题简述于后,供同志们参考。 相似文献
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《岩矿测试》2009,28(2):112
为推动全国地质与地球化学分析技术的发展,促进国内与国际学术交流,中国地质学会岩矿测试技术专业委员会定于2009年8月或9月举办第六届全国地质与地球化学分析学术报告会。本届学术报告涵盖地质与地球化学分析技术各领域,主要包括:(1)岩石与矿物分析技术;(2)生态环境与生物地球化学分析技术;(3)有机地球化学分析;(4)形态分析技术;(5)材料、建材、核工业、煤等分析技术;(6)分析仪器研制及软件研发应用;(7)各种相关应用分析技术等。大会将邀请国内外著名学者作特邀报告,欢迎踊跃参加。请作者将1500字论文摘要于2009年6月30日前用电子邮件发给联系人。稿件将择优全文发表在《岩矿测试》。联系人:吴 相似文献
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随着天然气研究工作的深入,常规气体地球化学理论及指标已经无法满足研究的需求。随着分析测试技术水平的发展,出现了一批新的天然气地球化学分析测试技术,包括团簇同位素分析技术、特定位置同位素组成分析技术等,这些技术为天然气地质学及地球化学研究领域的前沿科学问题,包括天然气中烷烃气体的形成温度、形成路径以及形成机理的研究提供了大量信息。同时,上述测试技术的出现也为天然气勘探实践中的气源对比及天然气成因类型判识等应用研究从更微观的层面提供了解释。本文针对近些年出现的新型地球化学指标及相关测试技术从原理、测试方法及应用现状3方面进行系统的介绍,以期为今后气体地球化学理论的发展及天然气地球科学的研究提供帮助。 相似文献
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雁林寺金矿位于雪峰弧形构造带(江南造山带湖南段)东段,是湘东北地区一个较为典型的金矿床。本文在前人研究的基础上,统计分析了矿区不同地质体Au元素含量、稀土元素地球化学、微量元素地球化学特征,对比研究了矿区含金石英的H-O同位素、Sr同位素地球化学特征及成矿流体组成特征。提出赋矿围岩冷家溪群浊积岩在沉积阶段就具有明显的金富集。矿区矿石、(矿化)蚀变围岩、未蚀变围岩稀土、微量元素地球化学特征呈现出高度相似性。含金石英的H-O同位素地球化学、Sr同位素地球化学及成矿流体成分特征表明成矿流体为变质流体。综合矿区地质特征、不同地质体金含量、稀土-微量元素地球化学特征、H-O同位素、Sr同位素及成矿流体成分特征,认为地层中的金元素为雁林寺金矿床提供了成矿物质。 相似文献
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魏春生 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1995,(3)
当代地球化学研究的某些新进展（Ⅱ）魏春生（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳５５０００２）关键词同位素地球化学，同位素示踪，同位素地球化学分析技术，同位素分馏１同位素地球化学理论与实验研究的进展（１）氧同位素理论分馏方程研究的重大突破：继Ｕｒｅｙ（１９４... 相似文献
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宝玉石产地来源的研究是近几年地质学、宝石学和考古学界的热门话题之一。一方面,不同产地来源的宝玉石可能具有不同的品质特征及经济价值,其研究有助于珠宝首饰价值的判断,为各国海关执法提供技术支持;另一方面,古代宝玉石产地的确定对了解古代宝玉石的开采与古代科技的发展水平及不同区域的文化交流均具有重要意义。在总结前人研究成果的基础上,结合现代微区测试技术的最新研究成果,从微量元素、包裹体以及同位素分析等方面探讨总结了微区测试技术在确定宝玉石产地来源研究中的应用。当前的研究结果显示,不同的技术方法对确定宝玉石的产地来源均有一定的意义,但宝玉石产地来源的最终确定往往需要依赖更大范围和更深入地对宝石矿床的地球化学进行多技术手段的交叉分析。显然,确定各种不同类型宝玉石产地来源的标型特征及建立相关重要宝石产地的地球化学数据库,是最终解决宝玉石产地来源鉴定问题的关键。 相似文献
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We have developed a new approach to the problem of the chemical fingerprinting of artifacts manufactured from volcanic rocks of basaltic and andesitic composition. The method is an adaptation of standard energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and is based on the observation that for irregularly-shaped rock fragments, the ratios of the intensities of the characteristic X-rays of certain trace elements are proportional to the ratios of the concentrations of those elements. This observation has allowed us to obtain geochemical data about the artifacts in a way that is rapid, inexpensive, and nondestructive, making it particularly suited to archaeological applications. We have used our approach to compare a suite of artifacts from an archaeological site in Martis Valley, near Truckee, California, with a group of lava flows from the surrounding area. Using a numerical measure of the geochemical difference between samples, we have been able to group the artifacts on the basis of their geochemistry, to determine which artifacts were manufactured from material found in Martis Valley and, in at least one case, to identify the lava flow that was the actual source of the lithic material for several of the artifacts. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2006,21(10):1635-1655
In order to interpret pre-historic cultural interactions, the provenance of amphibolitic raw material used for flat-axes and adzes in lower to middle Neolithic cultures throughout present day Germany were investigated by elemental and Sr, Pb isotopic methods. Within all settlements studied, a homogeneous actinolite-hornblende schist rock type (AHS) was found to be massively dominating, with a distinct petrography of needle-shaped actinolite interwoven with single larger grains of hornblende along with calcic plagioclase and large amounts of ilmenite. Geochemically, the AHS group is very homogeneous and has a signature of an enriched basaltic precursor with high concentrations of particularly the LIL-elements. The geochemical signature is relatively rare and can not be matched in nearby geological outcrops, wherefore the conclusion of “imported material” is quickly reached. Strontium and Pb isotopic analyses of the AHS were compared to the isotopic composition of amphibolitic rocks with similar petrography and trace elemental signatures within possible archaeological trade regions. The isotopic data of the archaeological material point roughly to a Proterozoic age of the stone used; an age which can be reasonable matched to a single outcrop situated at Jistebsko within the Czech Republic. This area further shows archaeological traces of prehistoric mining. Based on petrographic, geochemical and isotopic evidence, this area is here presented as the provenance area of the stone raw material, which later spread throughout prehistoric Europe – establishing contact and trade routes between Neolithic cultures. 相似文献
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沉积岩的地球化学特征记录了岩石沉积时的重要地质信息,是研究沉积古环境、源区构造背景及源岩属性的有效手段。采用X衍射荧光光谱（XRF）和等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对鄂尔多斯盆地西缘宁东地区中侏罗统直罗组下段地层砂岩和泥岩样品的主、微量元素及稀土元素含量进行测试分析,旨在对其沉积古环境进行恢复,并对其源区构造背景、源岩属性等特征进行综合研究。研究表明:Sr含量、Sr/Cu值、V/（V+Ni）值、U/Th值、化学蚀变指数（CIA）等地球化学指标综合指示出研究区直罗组下段地层沉积古气候为半干旱-半湿润气候,古水体环境为富氧的淡水环境。根据稀土元素（REE）特征分析,推测研究区直罗组下段地层物源主要来自盆地西北部的阿拉善古陆,源岩岩性主要为片麻岩、石榴石浅粒岩、变不等粒石英砂岩和变中细粒石英砂岩。源区构造背景主要为大陆岛弧,与大洋岛弧也有一定关联。 相似文献
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近期,笔者获得来自辽宁东部宽甸地区的绿色玉石,为研究该样品的宝玉石学特征及其颜色成因,采用常规的宝石学鉴定方法及偏光显微镜、红外光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪、X射线粉末衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、光纤光谱仪等测试仪器,对其进行了宝石学、矿物学、光谱学特征及主要化学成分和微量元素的研究。结果表明,该玉石的主要矿物组成为白云母,质量分数达98%以上,具鳞片变晶结构,少量的红色矿物为金红石;Cr3＋类质同象替代白云母中的Al3＋是该样品产生绿色的主要原因,依据国家珠宝玉石名称的标准,应将该样品定名为云母玉。 相似文献
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采用常规宝玉石鉴定方法、偏光显微镜和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对江苏省溧阳县小梅岭玉矿的软玉样品进行了测试研究,并与良渚文化庄桥坟遗址出土的软玉类玉器样品进行了对比。结果表明,溧阳软玉样品和庄桥坟遗址出土软玉类玉器样品的主要矿物组成为透闪石,但后者的w（FeOT）明显高于前者的。庄桥坟遗址出土玉器样品的δEu普遍高于溧阳软玉样品的,大部分为负异常,为轻稀土亏损型,微量元素种类多;溧阳软玉样品的δEu为负异常,为轻稀土富集型,微量元素种类少,说明两种样品应不属于同一产地或同一成因性质。良渚文化庄桥坟遗址出土玉器样品的化学成分与溧阳软玉样品的不同,这与当今考古界普遍认为良渚文化玉器来源于溧阳软玉的观点有所不同。 相似文献
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Xiangyang Chang Shanming Fu Hui Liu Nan Chen Xiaofeng Zhao Bingquan Zhu Xianglin Tu 《中国地球化学学报》2011,30(1):138-144
The protection system of products of geographical origin has become one hot subject with which various countries throughout the world are concerned. Results of element-Pb isotope geochemical mapping indicate that there emerge a number of famous-brand high-quality product groups of geographical origin in China. The environment of production of China’s famous-brand white spirits of geographical origin at the Sichuan-Guizhou border is still a mystery to be solved. China has two main communities of white spirits of geographical origin, i.e., the most famous are Moutai and Wuliangye spirits. By element-Pb isotope geochemical tracing, we can establish the natural background geological, geographical and geochemical scientific data mark ers in close relation with source areas. Research on the product of geographical origin, named Kaempferia galangal L. in the Shuangjiao district, Yangchun, Guangdong Province, showed that the trace elements have an excellent heritance between Kaempferia galangal L. and soil in this area, and the trace elements are highly effective for tracing the origin. 相似文献
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Ruslan I. Kostov Christo Protochristov Chavdar Stoyanov Lszl Csedreki Alíz Simon Zita Szikszai Imre Uzonyi Bisserka Gaydarska John Chapman 《Geoarchaeology》2012,27(5):457-469
Neolithic artifacts made of nephrite, □Ca2(Fe,Mg)5Si8O22(OH)2, are found at prehistoric settlements in Bulgaria. This study investigates these objects based on particle induced X‐ray emission using a scanning nuclear microprobe (micro‐PIXE technique). Seven nephrite artifacts from the Neolithic sites of Kovachevo, Bulgarchevo and Galabnik in southwest Bulgaria were analyzed to quantify their composition and to establish if a correlation exists between the distribution of major and trace elements, color, impurities, and texture. The nephrite artifacts are tremolite in composition, with a proposed ultrabasic origin. Based on the geochemical data obtained by micro‐PIXE, we divide the artifacts into Group 1 objects from the Kovachevo site and Group 2 objects from the Galabnik and Bulgarchevo sites. The analytical data and microprobe analyses are compared with geochemical data of nephrite from across the globe. The results are in a good agreement with previous electron microprobe and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy data. Our study provides a better understanding of the mineralogy and geochemistry of nephrite artifacts and helps to address questions regarding origin and the distribution of such materials in Bulgaria and other Balkan countries. 相似文献