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假定土体在固结过程中压缩性和渗透性的变化成正比,基于 - 及 - 关系,推导出饱和软土成层地基一维非线性固结解析解,分别给出了按沉降定义和按有效应力定义的每层土平均固结度及整个土层总固结度的计算公式。采用Fortran语言编制了相应的计算程序,将计算得到的结果与已有双层地基一维非线性固结解析解计算结果进行比较,验证该解析解的正确性。利用该程序分析成层地基一维非线性固结性状,分别讨论了初始竖向渗透系数、初始体积压缩系数、荷载值及土层厚度对地基固结性状的影响。分析结果表明：在成层地基一维非线性固结过程中,初始竖向渗透系数对超静孔压的影响较为复杂,对上下层地基固结速率影响不同;初始体积压缩系数增大,超静孔压增大,固结速率变小;所加荷载值越大,超静孔压消散越慢,固结发展越慢;超静孔压消散速率不仅取决于土层厚度,同时取决于各层土渗透性的相对大小。 相似文献
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考虑地基土层厚度的影响,对黏弹性地基上刚性条形基础承受竖向荷载下的动力响应问题进行了理论研究。通过Fourier积分变换求解了地基土的动力控制方程,并结合基底和地基的混合边界条件及土层刚性基岩边界条件,得到了刚性条形基础的对偶积分方程。通过Jacobi正交多项式将其转化为线性方程组并进行数值求解。将所得解退化至弹性半空间,并与已有文献进行了对比,验证了解析解的合理性。分析结果表明：地基土层厚度是影响地基振动产生的表面波衰减以及条形基础动力柔度系数变化的重要因素。通过数值算例发现,只有在土层厚度超过基底宽度大约50倍的情况下,现有的将地基土视为无限半空间的理论解才是合理的。 相似文献
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以Terzaghi单向固结理论为基础,对均质土层、分层土层、土层荷载增加、土层厚度变化情况下的孔隙水压力进行了理论分析。建立了以孔隙水压力为未知量的差分形式的控制方程,并通过泰勒级数展开,推导建立了具有二阶精度的边界方程;同时采用MATLAB软件编制相应的通用程序,得到Terzaghi单向固结理论孔隙水压力的数值解。此外,基于按作用消散的平均孔隙水压力的定义通过已经得到的孔隙水压力的数值解计算得到各不同复杂工况下的平均固结度,并且利用MATLAB软件强大的数值计算能力和图形处理功能,实现可视化,对于实际工程中的平均固结度的求解及通过平均固结度来推断地面沉降量有一定的指导和参考价值。 相似文献
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基于非牛顿指数描述的非达西渗流定律,同时考虑地基内部竖向附加应力随深度线性变化以及变荷载的影响,建立了一维固结控制方程并应用有限差分法进行数值求解,同时对不同参数单级加荷下的固结性状进行分析。结果表明：基于非达西渗流比达西渗流下固结速率要慢,且渗流模型中非牛顿指数越大,土层的固结速率越慢;土层厚度越厚,固结速率越慢,因此,传统固结理论中室内土样与地基土层之间的相似关系不再成立;作用于土层的平均附加应力越大,土层的固结速率越快;在单面排水情况下,附加应力分布对土层固结速率有较大影响;相反,双面排水条件下土层固结速率与附加应力的分布是无关的;荷载的加荷速率越快,则土层的固结速率越快。最后,讨论了达西渗流计算固结变形的适用范围。 相似文献
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目前考虑土体非线性压缩及渗透特性的双层地基非线性固结解均假定土体固结系数保持不变,能反映固结系数变化的双层地基非线性固结解还很鲜见。引入经典的e- 和e- 非线性关系描述土体的非线性压缩、渗透特性,在假定双层地基上、下土层压缩指数与渗透指数比值 相等且不等于1的基础上,得到变荷载下考虑土体固结系数变化的双层地基一维非线性固结近似解。该解答在 1条件下可退化为已有的 1时双层地基一维非线性固结解。基于此解探讨了双层地基上、下土层参数的相对比值对非线性固结性状的影响。结果表明：单面排水条件下 越小,下层土与上层土的相对压缩性越低、相对渗透性越高,则双层地基非线性固结速率越快;减小 值,增加双层地基中压缩性小、渗透性高的土层的厚度,会加快地基的固结速率。 相似文献
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变荷载下基于指数形式渗流的一维固结分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
建立了考虑指数形式渗流以及变荷载条件下的一维固结微分方程,采用相对稳定的Crank-Nicolson差分格式获得控制方程的差分解答并验证了计算程序的可靠性。结果表明,当指数大于1时,较小时间因子下固结速率比达西渗流快,较大时间因子下固结速率比达西渗流慢;而当指数小于1时,较小时间因子下固结速率比达西渗流慢,较大的时间因子下固结速率比达西渗流快。在土层厚度相同的情况下,指数大于1时作用于土层的荷载越小,固结速率越慢;基于指数形式渗流,传统一维固结理论中室内土样固结与实际地基土层固结之间的相似关系不再成立;加荷速率越快,则土层的固结速率越快。 相似文献
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赵卫楚 《华东地质学院学报》2003,26(3):267-270
介绍了沉积厚度与时问平方根和沉积厚度与时间呈直线关系、底面不排水时沉积过程中固结的Gibson理论解答以及不考虑沉积时固结作用、底面不排水时沉积后自重固结的Terzaphi理论解答，据此分析了上述两种沉积模式不同沉积速率时目前仍处于沉积过程的土层的固结状态，求算出了停止沉积后土层固结所需的最长时问，指出业已停止沉积数百年以上的土层一般不应处于欠固结状态。 相似文献
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In recent times, rapid urbanisation coupled with scarcity of land forces several structures to come up ever closer to each
other, which may sometime cause severe damage to the structures from both strength and serviceability point of view, and therefore,
a need is felt to devise simplified methods to capture the effect of footing interference. In the present study, an attempt
has been made to model the settlement behaviour of two strip footings placed in close spacing on layered soil deposit consisting
of a strong top layer underlying a weak bottom layer. Theory of elasticity is employed to derive the governing differential
equations and subsequently solved by the finite difference method. The perfectly rough strip footings are considered to be
resting on the surface of two-layer soil system, and the soil is assumed to behave as linear elastic material under a range
of static foundation load. The effect of various parameters such as the elastic moduli and thickness of two layers, clear
spacing between the footings and footing load on the settlement behaviour of closely spaced footings has been determined.
The variation of vertical normal stress at the interface of two different soil layers as well as at the base of the failure
domain also forms an important part of this study. The results are presented in terms of settlement ratio (ξδ), and their variation is obtained with the change in clear spacing between two footings. The present theoretical investigation
indicates that the settlement of closely spaced footings is found to be higher than that of single isolated footing, which
further reduces with increase in the spacing between the footings. 相似文献
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Julie Lovisa Wayne Read Nagaratnam Sivakugan 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(5):873-879
Since its development in 1925, Terzaghi’s expression for the average degree of consolidation has been extensively used in
teaching, research and consulting to determine the consolidation settlement that has taken place at a specific time in a geotechnical
problem. Recent research by the authors has revealed that the term degree of consolidation is not very meaningful when the
initial pore pressure distribution is highly skewed. In view of these findings, a review of all aspects of Terzaghi’s consolidation
theory is required, particularly when considering asymmetric initial pore pressure distributions. An exact method for estimating
the consolidation settlement of a clay stratum using the mass flux per unit area out of the drainage boundaries is proposed.
Graphical representations of both exact and traditional methods reveal identical average degree of consolidation curves. In
light of this, Terzaghi’s expression for the average degree of consolidation was re-examined. Upon application of the original
governing one-dimensional consolidation equation, it was found that the traditional and exact methods for calculating the
average degree of consolidation are identical. Thus, the widespread proclivity for geotechnical engineers to use Terzaghi’s
average degree of consolidation equation to estimate the consolidation settlement of a clay stratum has been validated. 相似文献
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A new simplified Hypothesis B method for calculating the consolidation settlement of ground improved by vertical drains 
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下载免费PDF全文 Vertical drains are widely used in soft ground improvements to accelerate the consolidation process. This paper develops a new simplified Hypothesis B method for calculating the consolidation settlement of a soil layer improved by vertical drains under the instant and ramp loadings. As a comparison, the traditional Hypothesis A method is also used to calculate the settlement. Then, a fully coupled finite element consolidation analysis is utilized to examine and verify this simplified method and Hypothesis A method. For the instant loading, Carrillo‐Barron method and Zhu‐Yin method are used to obtain the average degree of consolidation for vertical drain system. Typical parameters, such as over‐consolidation ratio (OCR), smear zone, and space ratio of vertical drains, are considered. It is found that the calculation results from the new simplified method in this study agree well with finite element simulations, and relative errors are in the range of 0.1% to 12.3%. Comparatively, there are obvious differences between the calculated results from Hypothesis A method and finite element results. Carrillo‐Olson method and Zhu‐Yin method are utilized to obtain the average degree of consolidation for the vertical drain system to consider the ramp loading. Equivalent time is determined from half of the construction period to calculate the creep compression under the ramp loading. The accuracy of this simplified Hypothesis B method using both Carrillo‐Olson method and Zhu‐Yin method is acceptable with the relative errors less than 9.4%. 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(2):107-111
The stability of eccentrically loaded strip footings on slopes was investigated using the method of finite element analysis based on the theory of elasto-plasticity. The analysis was done for two different soils involving three levels of slope angle, six footing locations, and two levels of load eccentricity plus central vertical loading. The strip footing analysed was a 3-ft (0.9 m) wide reinforced concrete footing embedded to a depth of 3 ft (0.9 m). The analysis focused on footing settlement, plastic yielding of soil, and ultimate bearing capacity. The results of analysis show that the influence of load eccentricity on footing pressure vs. footing centre settlement is negligibly small. However, the progressive soil yielding and ultimate bearing capacity are greatly affected by load eccentricity. Furthermore, the effect of load eccentricity differs considerably with the load location relative to the footing centre and slope crest. The ultimate bearing capacity for the eccentric load located on the slope side is significantly greater than that for the load located on the other side of the footing centre. For a 2(H): 1(V) slope in silty clay, the effect of slope on footing stability decreases with increasing footing location from slope crest as would be expected, and diminishes when the footing is located from the crest at about 5-times the footing width. 相似文献
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Bearing capacity of two close strip footings on soft clay reinforced with geotextile 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
For many years ago, the beneficial effects of using reinforcement to improve the property of soil have been demonstrated. Over the last three decades, the use of polymeric reinforcement such as geotextile has increased in geotechnical engineering. Among the possible applications, earth reinforcement techniques have become useful and economical techniques to solve many problems in geotechnical engineering practice, such as improve the bearing capacity and settlement characteristics of the footing. This research presents the effect of geotextile inclusion on the bearing capacity of two close strip footings located at the surface of soft clay. A broad series of finite element analysis were performed on two footings with width of 1 and 2 m using two-dimensional plane strain model using the computer code Plaxis (ver 8). Only one type of soft clay was used for the analysis, and the soil was represented by two yielding criteria including hardening soil model and Mohr–Coulomb model, while reinforcement was represented by elastic element, and at the interface between the reinforcements and soft clay, interface elements have been used. A wide range of boundary conditions, including unreinforced and reinforced cases, was analyzed by varying parameters such as number of geotextile layers, vertical spacing of layers, depth to topmost layer of geotextile, tensile stiffness of geotextile layers, and distance of between two footings. From numerical results, the bearing capacity ratio and the interference factor of the foundations have been estimated. On the basis of the analysis performed in this research, it can be concluded that there is a best distance between footings and optimum depth for topmost layer to achieve maximum bearing capacity for closely spaced strip footings. The bearing capacity was also found to increase with increasing number of reinforcement layers if the reinforcements were placed within a range of effective depths. In addition, the analysis indicated that increasing reinforcement stiffness beyond a threshold value does not result in a further increase in the bearing capacity. 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(2):151-162
In this paper, finite element analysis is used to predict the undrained bearing capacity of strip, square and circular footings resting on layered clays. The soil profile consists of two clay layers with different thicknesses and properties. The results are compared with previous solutions for strip footings on layered clays. The bearing-capacity behaviour is discussed and the bearing-capacity factors are given for various cases involving a range of layer thicknesses and properties of the two clay soil layers. 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - A self-developed finite element limit analysis (FELA) code was employed in this study to investigate the stability of eccentrically loaded strip footings on rock slopes. The... 相似文献
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采用大型土工离心机对某工程近海软土地基上堤坝施工期及运行期进行了模拟。试验中采用停机加载法模拟分级施工加载过程, 原型中采用塑料排水板固结法处理软土地基, 模型中则根据固结过程相似的原理, 换算成等效圆截面排水体, 在模型制作中采用等效透水滤芯进行模拟。根据激光位移传感器和孔隙水压力传感器数据可以得出相应原型软土地基的沉降特性和孔隙水压力变化情况。根据试验得到的沉降曲线, 采用"经验双曲线法"推算出了地基最终沉降, 然后得出按沉降推算的分层地基平均固结度随时间的变化。对比试验模拟得到的软土地基固结度和理论计算结果, 二者基本接近, 表明塑料排水板模拟方法用于离心模型试验是可行的。 相似文献