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含Mg矿物和玻璃中Mg的局部结构研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文用同步辐射的MgK-边X射线近边结构谱(XANES)研究了9种含Mg矿物的MgK-边特征谱,其谱的能量位置随着配位数的增加而增大;建立了含Mg矿物中Mgk-边的能量与Mg-O键距的关系CaMgSi2O6(Di)-NaAlSi3O8(Ab)玻璃中MgK-边XANES的能量和Mg-O的键长的关系.在Di-Ab玻璃中的Mg-O键距是0.2±0.004nm.表明本方法可以作为研究含Mg矿物Mg的配位与局部结构新的结构探针. 相似文献
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铝硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中Al的配位与局部结构 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
利用同步辐射的AlK边X射线吸收近进结构（XANES）谱研究了刚玉和铝硅酸盐矿物（蓝晶石,红柱石,夕线石和钠长石）中Al的配位与局部结构,证明该方法可以作为新的结构探针研究结构未知体系中Al的配位与局部结构。例如,Al的K边XANES谱证明在室温压条件,钠长石玻璃中的Al保持为四面体配位（AlIV）,局部结构与钠长石晶体中的Al相似;尽管硬玉晶体中的Al为八面体配位,但硬玉玻璃中的Al变为四面体配位（AlIV）。而在相同的高温压条件（4．4GPa,1575C）下制备的硬玉-钠长石玻璃系列中,压力引起四面体配位的Al变成五次（Alv）和六次配位（AlVl）,且五次和六次配位Al的比例随玻璃中硬玉含量的增加而增大。 相似文献
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Ａｌ２ＳｉＯ５多型矿物中铝的Ｋ边Ｘ射线吸收近边结构研究李迪恩彭明生（中山大学宝石矿物材料研究所，广州５１０２７５）关键词铝硅酸盐配位Ｘ射线吸收近边结构在铝硅酸盐矿物中，Ａｌ通常为四面体和／或八面体配位，但在红柱石中Ａｌ也可为五次配位，因此，在铝硅酸盐... 相似文献
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矿物和玻璃中MgK-边X射线吸收光谱研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
我们利用同步辐射Ｘ射线吸收光谱已经研究了硅酸盐矿物、铝硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中的主要阴离子Ｓｉ、ＡｌＫ边Ｘ射线吸收光谱［１～５］,指出随着压力变化而引起Ｓｉ、ＡｌＫ边向高能位移而配位数增大的规律。硅由４配位（如石英）变成６配位（如柯石英）。Ａｌ在矿物结构中的配位不同,如４配位的蓝晶石、５配位的红柱石、６配位的矽线石。这些矿物的局部结构不同,其键长、键角也不同,从而引起矿物的物理性质发生明显的变化。Ｍｇ不仅是地壳中广泛分布的造岩元素,而且也是组成地幔物相和未分异的原始岩浆的主要成分,是组成造岩矿物的… 相似文献
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Na 属于热扩散元素,具有不稳定性,准确测定有难度。前人对含Na 玻璃和具有不同晶体结构的含Na 矿物的电子探针定量分析发现,随着分析时间的延长,Na 的计数明显下降,并且含Na 玻璃计数的下降要比含Na 矿物相比更为明显,表明Na 计数与试样的结构有关,但对其内在控制因素还不太明确。文章在前人研究的基础上,选择具有代表性不同结构含Na 硅酸盐矿物和非晶质含Na 玻璃作为研究对象,通过对不同晶体结构中Na 元素所处的位置、配位数、键性类型的特征进行总结,针对不同晶体结构中Na 原子扩散条件和是否存在附加阴离子与之相伴等因素,对比分析不同晶体结构中Na 计数下降的程度,深入探讨了导致Na 计数下降的内在原因。结果显示,试样分析过程中Na 计数下降顺序为：非晶质> 架状>层状> 环状> 单链状> 双链,且有附加阴离子的含Na 矿物要大于无附加阴离子的矿物。通过对不同测试条件下Na 计数的对比分析发现,加速电压、束流、束斑直径等改变,都会对Na 计数产生一定的影响。最终总结得出了准确测定含Na 硅酸盐矿物的最佳分析条件,为准确测定含Na 矿物和玻璃中的Na 含量提供参考。 相似文献
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李迪恩 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1997,(2)
硅酸盐玻璃和熔体中硅和铝的配位与局部结构：Ｋ边Ｘ射线吸收光谱研究＊李迪恩（中山大学地质系，广州５１０２７５）关键词硅酸盐玻璃和熔体硅和铝的配位Ｘ射线吸光谱高压下硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中的硅可以形成八面体配位［１］，但在通常的低压硅酸盐玻璃中，硅和铝为四面体... 相似文献
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采用改进的低频内耗仪研究了几种常见颗粒体系（沙子、玻璃珠）的相对能量耗散性质：能量耗散的振幅谱和频率谱。实验发现,振幅谱中随振幅增大形成一个能量耗散峰,而频率谱线中则观察到随着频率的增加依次出现四个能量耗散峰,对应着体系模量的四个衰减。随探针插入深度的增加相对能耗先增加后减小,出现一个能耗峰值,该峰值对应的深度为体系的临界深度。基于对颗粒体系的介观分析,提出一个流变模型来阐述流变耗散机制,结果表明摩擦在颗粒力学响应中除耗散能量外还起到增加体系弹性的作用。频率谱的分析表明颗粒中还存在另一种耗散机制：颗粒链的共振耗散。 相似文献
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从西藏雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的罗布莎蛇绿岩的铬铁矿中，发现一个由70-80种奇异矿物组成的地幔矿物群，其中包括一种成分特殊的尖晶石类矿物。该种尖晶石呈包裹体分布在毒砂中，28粒该矿物的平均化学成分：Na2O 1.58％，MgO7．52％，Al2O3 36．59％，SiO2 44．45％，FeO 8．72％，并含少量CaO和TiO2。经激光拉曼谱仪测试，一部分颗粒具有Franclinite（锌铁尖晶石ZnFe2O4）拉曼谱。根据尖晶石结构和化学成分，可以得出两种分子式：（Mg0．52Na0．14Fe0.32Al0.74）1.72（Si2.00Al1.20）3.20O8和（Mg0.52Na0.14Fe0.32Si0.50）1.48相（Si1.50Al1.94）3．44O8。两种分子式都表明阳离子Si呈六配位占据尖晶石八面体晶格位置。Si离子呈六配位的硅酸盐。实验证明具有超高压性质，来自相当于过渡带400-670km的深部。表明西藏雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩（古大洋岩石圈）的岩浆活动达到过渡带。可能是地幔柱活动将硅尖晶石类等超高压矿物搬运到上地幔浅部的。 相似文献
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Deng Xiguang Ding Lin Liu Xiaohan An Yin Paul A.Kapp Michael A.Murphy Craig E.Manning WT ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)
THE GEOCHEMISTRY CHARACTERISTICS OF BLUESCHIST IN THE GANGMAR AREA, QIANGTANG BLOCK, TIBET 相似文献
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CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLCANIC ROCKS AND ITS TECTONIC SETTING IN WESTERN PART OF LAZHULONG-JINSAJIANG STRUCTURAL BELT 相似文献
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风化型和含煤建沉积型高岭土的物质组成对比研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
魏俊峰 《华东地质学院学报》2000,23(3):184-187
我国高岭土资源丰富,矿床类型多,其中风化和含煤建造沉积型是两类比较重要的高岭土矿床,对这两类高岭土矿床化学组成,矿物组成及高岭石矿物学特征的异同点进行研究和探讨,其结果表明,风化高岭土的化学成分一般属硅高铝低型,钾含量偏高,钛含量低,铁含量则随成矿线岩和风化条件的不同波动范围大,矿物组成主要为结晶度较差的高岭石、水云线和石英,以及极少量的管状埃洛石,含煤建造沉积型高岭土一般属铝高硅低型,钾含量低,钛含量明显偏高,矿物组成简单,高岭石含量〉９５％,结晶度较好。 相似文献
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D. B. Dingwell E. Paris F. Seifert A. Mottana C. Romano 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1994,21(8):501-509
Ti K-edge XANES spectra have been collected on a series of Ti-bearing silicate glasses with metasilicate and tetrasilicate compositions. The intensity of the preedge feature in these spectra has been found to change with glass composition and varies from 29 to 58% (normalized intensity) suggesting a variation in structural environent around the absorbing atom. The pre-edge peak intensity increases for the alkali titanium tetrasilicate glasses from 35% to 58% in the order Li < Na < K < Rb, Cs whereas for the metasilicate compositions there is a maximum for the K-bearing glass. The pre-edge peak intensity remains constant for the alkaline earth titanium metasilicate glasses, Ca and Sr (34%) but increases slightly for Ba (41%). As the intensity of this feature is inversely correlated with coordination number, a comparison of the pre-edge intensity data for the investigated glasses with those of materials of known coordination number leads us to establish a regression equation and to infer that the average coordination number of Ti in these glasses ranges from 4.8 to 5.8. Large alkali cations appear to stabilize a relatively low average coordination number for Ti in silicate melts. The Ti structural environment results appear also to vary as a function of SiO2 content within the K2O-TiO2-SiO2 system. A number of physical properties of the melts from which these glasses were quenched and of other Ti-bearing silicate melts, have been determined in recent years. Clear evidence of a variable coordination number of Ti, consistent with the interpretation of the present XANES data is available from density measurements. These and other property determinations are compared with the present spectroscopic observations in an attempt to relate structure and properties in these melts which contain a major component with variable coordination number. 相似文献
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E. Paris D. B. Dingwell F. A. Seifert A. Mottana C. Romano 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1994,21(8):510-515
The effect of pressure on titanium coordination in glasses, with composition K2TiSi4O11, quenched isobarically from liquids equilibrated at high pressure (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 kbar respectively) and T=1600° C has been investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The XANES spectra collected at the Ti K-edge clearly show a variation with pressure that is related to changes in the geometrical environment around the Ti atoms. By comparison with spectra of standard materials, the XANES spectra of the glasses suggest a relatively low average coordination number (near 5) in samples quenched at low pressure and a higher coordination number (near 6) in samples quenched from the highest pressure. The combination of XANES data with density and compressibility measurements supports the idea that a mixture of 6- and lower coordinated (4- and/ or 5-coordinated) Ti geometries are present in the 1 bar glass, and an increasing proportion of 6-coordinated Ti occurs in the glasses synthesized at progressively higher pressures. 相似文献
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热液型金矿床围岩蚀变过程中元素迁移规律--以张家口地区东坪、后沟、水晶屯金矿为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张家口地区东坪、后沟、水晶屯金矿围岩蚀变发育 ,主要的蚀变类型有钾长石化、硅化、黄铁矿化、绿泥石化等。通过蚀变岩常量元素、微量元素的定量计算发现 ,三个金矿床围岩蚀变过程中元素迁移、富集有明显的规律 ,即常量元素 (SiO2 、K2 O、FeO) ,亲硫元素 (成矿元素 :Au、Ag、As、Sb、Bi、Pb、Zn)明显富集 ,其它亲铜亲铁元素 (Cr、Co、Ni、Cu)略有富集。蚀变热液是一种来自深部的携带亲硫元素富硅的碱性流体 相似文献
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朱义年 《中国地球化学学报》2003,22(4):302-312
Gneiss-distilled water interaction at room temperature was investigated with batch-reactors to study water-rock reaction and geochemical evolution of the aqueous phase with time. The ion concentrations in water were controlled not only by the dissolution of primary minerals, but also by the precipitation of secondary minerals. The decreasing fraction sizes of gneiss could favor dissolution and precipitation simultaneously. Ca^2 and K^ were the major cations, and HCO3^- was the major anion in water. All the ions except Ca^2 increased in concentration with time. The Ca^2 release from the rock to the aqueous phase was initially much faster than the release of K^ , Na^2 and Mg^2 . But after about 5 - 24 hours, the Ca^2 concentrations in water decreased very slowly with time and became relatively stable. During the experiment, the water varied from the Ca-( K)-HCO3-type water to the K-Ca-HCO3-type water, and then to the K-(Ca, Na)-HCO3-type water. The water-gneiss interaction was dominated by the dissolution of Kfeldspar in the solution. The remaining secondary minerals were mainly kaolinite, illite and K (Mg) -mica. 相似文献
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Gabriele Giuli Giovanni Pratesi Curzio CiprianiEleonora Paris 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2002,66(24):4347-4353
The local structure of iron in three tektites has been studied by means of Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and high-resolution X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy in order to provide quantitative data on <Fe-O> distance and Fe coordination number. The samples studied are a moldavite and two australasian tektites. Fe model compounds with known Fe oxidation state and coordination number were used as standards in order to extract structural information from the XANES pre-edge peak. EXAFS-derived grand mean <Fe-O> distances and Fe coordination numbers for the three tektite samples are constant within the estimated error (<Fe-O > =2.00 Å ± 0.02 Å, CN = 4.0 ± 0.4). In contrast to other data from the literature on Fe-bearing silicate glasses, the tektites spectra could not be fitted with a single Fe-O distance, but rather were fit with two independent distances (2 × 1.92 Å and 2 × 2.08 Å). High-resolution XANES spectra of the three tektites display a pre-edge peak whose intensity is intermediate between those of staurolite and grandidierite, thus suggesting a mean coordination number intermediate between 4 and 5. Combining the EXAFS and XANES data for Fe, we infer the mean coordination number to be close to 4.5.Comparison of the tektites XANES spectra with those of a suite of different impact glasses clearly shows that tektites display a relatively narrow range of Fe oxidation state and coordination numbers, whereas impact glasses data span a much wider range of Fe oxidation states (from divalent to trivalent) and coordination numbers (from tetra-coordinated to esa-coordinated). These data suggest that the tektite production process is very similar for all the known strewn fields, whereas impact glasses can experience a wide variety of different temperature-pressure-oxygen fugacity conditions, leading to different Fe local structure in the resulting glasses. These data could be of aid in discriminating between tektite-like impact glasses and impact glasses sensu strictu. 相似文献
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安徽淮南煤田南北缘断裂带构造地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对安徽淮南煤田南北缘 3条主要断裂 (舜耕山断裂、阜凤断裂、尚塘集断裂 )分带性的野外观察和室内化学成分测定结果表明 :由断裂带外围原岩至断裂带中心的化学组分如SiO2 、Al2 O3 、CaO、MgO、TiO2 的含量、灼失量等表现为渐次递增或递减的趋势 ;而Na2 O、K2 O、Fe2 O3 的含量等则呈现单峰或双峰、多峰的变化。这些特点不仅与构造岩本身的组分有关 ,而且也与断裂的力学性质、风化程度等因素有关 ,反映了 3条断裂均是在压应力作用下形成的压性断裂 ,且 3条断裂都处于晚期的演化阶段。淮南煤田南缘断裂带中应力矿物的形成以及南北缘断裂带中Fe2 O3 含量的变化特点 ,说明淮南煤田南缘的断裂较之北缘断裂的生成深度大 ,且滑脱距离远 相似文献