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岩石孔隙流体对纵横波速度影响的实验研究及意义 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
我们用ＭＴＳ的超声波测试系统研究了地表岩样饱和水及孔隙压力对纵横波速度的影响。在实验研究中,分别在常温常压条件下测量了干燥岩石和完全饱水岩石的纵横波速度,并在模拟地层条件下,测量了岩石纵横波速度随孔隙压力的变化。实验结果显示：（１）岩石完全饱和水后,与干燥时相比,纵波速度将明显增加,最大可增加３０％,且岩石在干燥时的纵波速度越低速度增大的比例越大,但纵波速度增大的比例与孔隙度无明显关系。饱水前后横波速度几乎保持不变。（２）在模拟地层的温压条件下,当孔隙压力由低到高,纵横波速度均将线性减小,且横波速度比纵波速度下降的比例更大。据此,得到了识别地层异常高压和地层含气的地震速度标志。 相似文献
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准确预测储层的等效孔隙纵横比对页岩储层岩石物理建模及横波速度预测具有重要意义。为分析页岩储层孔隙纵横比及预测横波速度,提出了基于岩石物理模型的页岩孔隙纵横比反演及横波速度预测方法。本文首先通过岩石物理模型建立岩石的纵、横波速度与孔隙纵横比、孔隙度和矿物组分等参数之间的定量关系,寻找最佳孔隙纵横比;然后通过使理论预测与实际测量的纵波速度之间误差达到最小的方式反演孔隙纵横比,并以此为约束预测横波速度。实际测井数据反演结果表明,龙马溪组页岩地层的孔隙纵横比稳定,而围岩的孔隙纵横比变化范围较大;说明与围岩相比,页岩的孔隙结构更为稳定。同时,预测得到的页岩横波速度与实测横波速度的误差较小,另外对于缺少矿物组分资料的页岩层段,用平均矿物组分预测得到的横波速度误差仍较小;说明与矿物组分相比,龙马溪组页岩的纵、横波速度对孔隙纵横比参数更敏感。综上所述,利用该方法可预测到较为准确的等效孔隙纵横比和横波速度。 相似文献
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川东北五宝场地区须家河组须五段具有特低孔特低渗致密砂岩储层特征,常规叠后纵波阻抗难以区分泥岩背景下的储层,储层预测和含气性检测难度大。本文基于Gassmann方程进行流体替换并对工区缺失横波资料的井进行横波预测,并分别正演饱含不同流体性质的道集。研究发现储层饱含水为一类AVO响应特征,储层饱含气为二类AVO特征,AVO规律明显,进而采用实钻井的样本点建立岩石物理模板,选取纵横波速度比联合纵波阻抗圈定致密砂岩储层,利用更低的纵横波速度比能有效指示含气性。结果表明：砂体及储层展布规律能够得到很好的表征,叠前含气性预测对井吻合率达到90.9%。叠前预测在川东北五宝场地区须家河组须五段致密砂岩含气性识别中是有效的,有助于提高钻探成功率与开发效益。 相似文献
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横波速度对于地震模拟、AVO分析以及流体识别具有重要意义,实际测井数据中横波速度信息缺乏,因此横波速度预测已经成为岩石物理研究的一个焦点。综合Xu-White模型以及Pride模型,提出了一种新的用于计算干岩石模量的岩石物理模型。该模型综合考虑了孔隙形状和成岩作用对干岩石体积模量、剪切模量的影响,因此该模型更加合理并具有更高的精度。同时联合Gassmann理论,建立了饱和流体岩石的纵波、横波速度计算模型。将该模型成功地应用于实验室测量数据和实际测井数据的横波速度预测中,预测结果表明,基于本文提出的岩石物理模型的横波速度预测方法是行之有效的。 相似文献
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泊松比因其物理意义明确,区分岩性和流体的效果明显,作为最重要的岩石物理参数之一被广泛地应用于储层预测研究中。在实际应用中,泊松比参数的获取主要通过先反演得到纵波、横波速度之后的转化计算,误差累积明显。AVO近似方程是振幅类反演技术的理论核心,不同表达形式的AVO近似方程所突出的物理意义也不同。基于叠前AVA多参数同步反演理论,提出一种全新的AVO近似方程,利用该AVO近似方程推导出新的递推关系式同步反演出泊松比、纵波速度、密度等弹性参数。模型与实际应用分析均表明,同步反演得到的泊松比参数有效地减少了因常规间接计算带来的累积误差,提高了储层预测精度。 相似文献
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海上多波多分量地震烃类直接检测方法研究及应用 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
张树林 《物探化探计算技术》2000,22(3):200-206
岩石实验结果证明,ＹＧＨ盆地的岩石含气后,会导致①岩石的体积模量明显降低,剪切一基本不变;②纵波速度明显降低,横波速度基本不变;③多波地震属性参数比（如速度比和泊松比）出现明显异常。从纵横波剖面的对比来看,浅妄动支要纵波冲面上表现为亮点,在转换横波剖面上表现正常。利用多波多分量地震信息计算了已知气层的纵横波参数比,气层的纵横波参数比的变化规律与岩石实验结果完全一样。基于此,我们提出：①联合利用多波 相似文献
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根据测井和实验室测试的岩体和岩样纵、横波速度,用均匀各向同性介质的弹性理论计算的弹性常数表明,两种测量方法的一致性很好。这说明测井信息可以提供有足够精度岩石物理力学性质参数。 相似文献
11.
目前对渗透系数取极端值情况下饱和土中两类压缩波物理本质的理解尚不够清晰,比如文献中对渗透系数无穷大情况下饱和土中两类压缩波波速的求解有不同的结果。结合Zienkiewicz给出的土动力学基本方程,深入讨论了流体运动方程的建立,推导了饱和土一维压缩弹性问题的动力控制方程及其 - 、 - 形式,进而得出渗透系数取0和取无穷大这两种极端情况下饱和土中压缩波的波速,解释了其物理意义。提出了惯性耦合力的概念,指出两相体动力分析时土骨架和孔隙水之间的相互作用包含渗透力和惯性耦合力两项,并重点讨论了衡量惯性耦合力的参数孔隙度对压缩波波速的影响。 相似文献
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In geotechnical earthquake engineering, wave propagation plays a fundamental role in engineering applications related to the dynamic response of geotechnical structures and to site response analysis. However, current engineering practice is primarily concentrated on the investigation of shear wave propagation and the corresponding site response only to the horizontal components of the ground motion. Due to the repeated recent observations of strong vertical ground motions and compressional damage of engineering structures, there is an increasing need to carry out a comprehensive investigation of vertical site response and the associated compressional wave propagation, particularly when performing the seismic design for critical structures (e.g. nuclear power plants and high dams). Therefore, in this paper, the compressional wave propagation mechanism in saturated soils is investigated by employing hydro-mechanically (HM) coupled analytical and numerical methods. A HM analytical solution for compressional wave propagation is first studied based on Biot’s theory, which shows the existence of two types of compressional waves (fast and slow waves) and indicates that their characteristics (i.e. wave dispersion and attenuation) are highly dependent on some key geotechnical and seismic parameters (i.e. the permeability, soil stiffness and loading frequency). The subsequent HM Finite Element (FE) study reproduces the duality of compressional waves and identifies the dominant permeability ranges for the existence of the two waves. In particular the existence of the slow compression wave is observed for a range of permeability and loading frequency that is relevant for geotechnical earthquake engineering applications. In order to account for the effects of soil permeability on compressional dynamic soil behaviour and soil properties (i.e. P-wave velocities and damping ratios), the coupled consolidation analysis is therefore recommended as the only tool capable of accurately simulating the dynamic response of geotechnical structures to vertical ground motion at intermediate transient states between undrained and drained conditions. 相似文献
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Hongyang Cheng Stefan Luding Nicolás Rivas Jens Harting Vanessa Magnanimo 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(5):1115-1139
Biot theory predicts wave velocities in a saturated granular medium using the pore geometry, viscosity, densities, and elastic moduli of the solid skeleton and pore fluid, neglecting the interaction between constituent particles and local flow, which becomes essential as the wavelength decreases. Here, a hydro-micromechanical model, for direct numerical simulations of wave propagation in saturated granular media, is implemented by two-way coupling the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and the discrete element method (DEM), which resolve the pore-scale hydrodynamics and intergranular behavior, respectively. The coupling scheme is benchmarked with the terminal velocity of a single sphere settling in a fluid. In order to mimic a small amplitude pressure wave entering a saturated granular medium, an oscillating pressure boundary on the fluid is implemented and benchmarked with the one-dimensional wave equation. The effects of input waveforms and frequencies on the dispersion relations in 3D saturated poroelastic media are investigated with granular face-centered-cubic crystals. Finally, the pressure and shear wave velocities predicted by the numerical model at various effective confining pressures are found to be in excellent agreement with Biot analytical solutions, including his prediction for slow compressional waves. 相似文献
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ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌｗａｖｅｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ（ｖｐ）ｉｎｒｏｃｋｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄａｔｈｉｇｈｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅａｎｄｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｉｓｏｆｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｉｍｐｏｒ－ｔａｎｃｅｔｏｅｌｕｃｉｄａ... 相似文献
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Correlating Wave Velocities with Physical,Mechanical Properties and Petrographic Characteristics of Peridotites from the Central Greece 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
K. Diamantis S. Bellas G. Migiros E. Gartzos 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(6):1049-1062
Knowledge of compressional and shear wave velocities is necessary to estimate the physical, dynamic and mechanical properties
of rocks with an indirect, but easy, fast and economical way. Although, many attempts have been made to correlate the wave
velocities with the rock characteristics, only few studies have been concentrated on ultrabasic rocks and especially on peridotites.
The aim of this study is to apply correlation analysis to investigate the relationships between wave velocities and rock properties
for peridotites. Thus, 35 fresh peridotite samples (non or slightly serpentinized ultrabasic rocks), taken from the western
part of Othrys mt and the Kallidromo mt (central Greece) were tested. The relationships between P and S wave velocities and the rock properties are described by simple regression analyses and the confidence intervals are presented
as well. The study reveals strong positive, linear correlations between the P and S wave velocities. Positive, linear relationships are also indicated between wave velocities and unit weight and mechanical
properties, while the increase of effective porosity causes decrease of the wave velocities. The wave velocities are exponentially
affected with serpentinization percentage, while the best fit equations between wave velocities and primary minerals are logarithmic.
The wave velocities and the micropetrographic index Ips are strongly correlated by both exponential and linear functions, but exponential trends present higher determination coefficients. 相似文献
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基于Leclaire对饱和双相孔隙弹性介质Biot模型的扩展,研究含有两种不同固相组分的三相多孔弹性介质中体波的传播特性。以饱和冻土为例,分析了各相体积分数、颗粒形状,接触参数等因素对波动方程中惯性参数、黏性参数、刚度参数的影响;对该三相介质模型进行了退化,分析了孔隙中只含液态水或固态冰时体波的特性;以饱和冻土为例,通过数值计算,探讨了饱和冻土中体波的相速度和衰减系数与胶结参数、接触参数、频率、饱和度、孔隙率等参数的关系。结果表明：与一般的饱和土不同,饱和冻土中存在5种体波,即3种纵波和2种横波;5种体波均具有弥散性和衰减性,且P1波、S1波弥散性和衰减性远小于P2、P3、S2波;胶结参数、饱和度、孔隙率对5种体波的传播特性影响显著,接触参数对传播特性影响较小。 相似文献
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We have measured P- and S-wave velocities on two amphibolite and two gneiss samples from the Kola superdeep borehole as a function of pressure (up to 600 MPa) and temperature (up to 600 °C). The velocity measurements include compressional (Vp) and shear wave velocities (Vs1, Vs2) propagating in three orthogonal directions which were in general not parallel to inherent rock symmetry axes or planes. The measurements are accompanied by 3D-velocities calculations based on lattice preferred orientation (LPO) obtained by TOF (Time Of Flight) neutron diffraction analysis which allows the investigation of bulk volumes up to several cubic centimetres due to the high penetration depth of neutrons. The LPO-based numerical velocity calculations give important information on the different contribution of the various rock-forming minerals to bulk elastic anisotropy and on the relations of seismic anisotropy, shear wave splitting, and shear wave polarization to the structural reference frame (foliation and lineation). Comparison with measured velocities obtained for the three propagation directions that were not in accordance with the structural frame of the rocks (foliation and lineation) demonstrate that for shear waves propagating through anisotropic rocks the vibration directions are as important as the propagation directions. The study demonstrates that proper measurement of shear wave splitting by means of two orthogonal polarized sending and receiving shear wave transducers is only possible when their propagation and polarization directions are parallel and normal to foliation and lineation, respectively. 相似文献
18.
裂缝等效介质模型对裂缝结构和充填介质参数的适应性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于裂缝各向异性等效介质模型：定量分析了纵横波速度、弹性刚度张量随裂缝密度、裂缝孔隙纵横比及孔隙充填流体性质的变化规律;考察了Hudson模型、Pade近似和Liu含裂缝介质模型的适用条件和精度;重点分析了裂缝孔隙的结构参数、孔隙度大小及充填流体性质对弹性模量和纵横波速度的影响。基于Hudson模型的Pade近似,明确了它对高裂缝密度和大纵横比的适应性。Hudson模型、Pade近似和Liu含裂缝介质模型的响应模拟表明：在裂缝密度小于0.1时,Liu模型和Hudson二阶近似的响应基本一致,Liu模型和Pade近似均适用于裂缝密度小于等于0.2的裂缝介质;裂缝密度大于0.2时,前者适应性更好些。另外,纵横比对饱水裂缝介质标准化刚度模量的影响较干裂缝介质的影响大。 相似文献