共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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将土壤或含水层的介质参数视为随机分布,建立了饱和非饱和水流运动的随机微分方程,利用随机数值求解方法,得到各种随机参数对水头分布和含水量空间变异性的影响。分析结果表明,随着渗透系数空间变异性和相关尺度的增大,含水层水头分布的变异性增大;对于区域内有抽水井分布的问题,在井点附近区域,z向水流速度空间变异性大,而在井点处变异性较小。当采用Gardner-Russo模型描述非饱和水分特征时,其非饱和土壤介质参数α的变异性对土壤负压和含水量变异性的影响大于饱和渗透系数,土壤含水量越小,含水量的空间变异性越大。初步讨论了根据随机数值方法研究地下水运动问题的可靠性分析方法。 相似文献
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考虑参数空间变异性的非饱和土坡可靠度分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在考虑多个土体参数空间变异性的基础上,提出了基于拉丁超立方抽样的非饱和土坡稳定可靠度分析的非侵入式随机有限元法。利用Hermite随机多项式展开拟合边坡安全系数与输入参数间的隐式函数关系,采用拉丁超立方抽样技术产生输入参数样本点,通过Karhunen-Loève展开方法离散土体渗透系数、有效黏聚力和内摩擦角随机场,并编写了计算程序NISFEM-KL-LHS。研究了该方法在稳定渗流条件下非饱和土坡可靠度分析中的应用。结果表明：非侵入式随机有限元法为考虑多个土体参数空间变异性的非饱和土坡可靠度问题提供了一种有效的分析工具。土体渗透系数空间变异性和坡面降雨强度对边坡地下水位和最危险滑动面位置均有明显的影响。当降雨强度与饱和渗透系数的比值大于0.01时,边坡失效概率急剧增加。当土体参数变异性或者参数间负相关性较大时,忽略土体参数空间变异性会明显高估边坡失效概率。 相似文献
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土壤水分是黄土高原植物生长发育和生态环境重建的主要限制因子。为揭示黄土高原区域尺度深层土壤水分的空间变异性,在黄土高原共布点234个,采集深剖面土壤水分样品12198个。采用经典统计和地统计学相结合的方法系统分析了土壤水分的分布规律、变异特征及影响因素。结果表明:①黄土高原地区土壤水分在水平方向上表现出由东南向西北递减,在垂直方向上(0~500cm)表现出先减小后增加的分布特征;②土地利用对区域尺度土壤水分的数量及垂直分布规律具有显著影响;③土壤水分在不同土层深度(0~500cm)的变异系数、空间异质比等参数的垂直分布均呈先减小后增加趋势,这些参数在表达土壤水分变异的效果上具有一致性。相关结果对黄土高原区域尺度水土过程调控、生态水文过程研究具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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以一水平向具有空间变异而垂直向为均质的二维非饱和流动区域中的均匀入渗问题为例,应用Monte Carlo随机模拟方法分析了土壤水分变量的随机统计特性及其一、二阶矩的时空分布规律。在随机分析过程中,将所研究的流动区域土壤水力特性的空间变异性以随空间位置变化的标定参数δ(x)表示,并将标定参数δ(x)视为一维随机空间函数的实现,应用随机生成模型来生成参数δ(x)的随机样本。通过随机模拟分析得到:垂直方向上负压水头方差与平均负压水头近似呈一线性关系;随入渗时间的延长,不同深度处表征负压水头空间变异结构的自相关函数趋于一稳定结构。 相似文献
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含水层水力参数的尺度效应研究现状 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
主要论述了国内外目前对弥散率尺度效应以及渗透系数等参数的空间变异性研究的现状和今后的研究趋势。文中提出了含水层水力参数的尺度效应问题，并指出应重视地下水驱动力场变化对参数的影响研究。 相似文献
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在总结近年来国内外区域地下水溶质运动研究的基本理论、方法和部分成果的基础上,论述了溶质在大区域运动的主要影响因素为区域介质的空间变异性。首先总结了野外条件下饱和介质和非饱和介质土壤渗透性能的空间变异性结果,由于野外渗透介质严重的空间变异性,研究溶质在野外条件下的运动采用了随机理论方法。基于Lagrange方法和Euler方法,研究结果表明,在渗透系数为对数正态二阶平稳及一阶扰动近似条件下,平均浓度满足对流－弥散方程,方程中宏观弥散度决定于介质渗透性能的统计特征,总结了一系列宏观弥散系数的表达形式,在此基础上,指出了需要进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
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土壤水力特性的空间变异是影响土壤中水分及溶质运移动态的主要因素.70年代以来国内外有关学者就土壤水力特性空间变异进行了大量的试验研究,通过对试验结果分析,得出了许多可供参考的结论,如水力特性空间变异尺度随研究区域尺度的增大而增大,且两者呈一定的比例关系,大多数水力特性遵从对数正态和正态分布,这些结论对于研究区域溶质(污染物)的迁移动态以及区域水盐动态预报十分重要的参考价值. 相似文献
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Consolidation in spatially random unsaturated soils based on coupled flow‐deformation simulation 
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下载免费PDF全文 This paper integrates random field simulation of soil spatial variability with numerical modeling of coupled flow and deformation to investigate consolidation in spatially random unsaturated soil. The spatial variability of soil properties is simulated using the covariance matrix decomposition method. The random soil properties are imported into an interactive multiphysics software COMSOL to solve the governing partial differential equations. The effects of the spatial variability of Young's modulus and saturated permeability together with unsaturated hydraulic parameters on the dissipation of excess pore water pressure and settlement are investigated using an example of consolidation in a saturated‐unsaturated soil column because of loading. It is found that the surface settlement and the pore water pressure profile during the process of consolidation are significantly affected by the spatially varying Young's modulus. The mean value of the settlement of the spatially random soil is more than 100% greater than that of the deterministic case, and the surface settlement is subject to large uncertainty, which implies that consolidation settlement is difficult to predict accurately based on the conventional deterministic approach. The uncertainty of the settlement increases with the scale of fluctuation because of the averaging effect of spatial variability. The effects of spatial variability of saturated permeability ksat and air entry parameters are much less significant than that of elastic modulus. The spatial variability of air entry value parameters affects the uncertainties of settlement and excess pore pressure mostly in the unsaturated zone. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为进一步探明沟灌二维土壤水分运动规律,以非饱和土壤水分运动理论为基础,建立了沟灌土壤水分运动数学模型,用多组试验资料对模型模拟结果进行验证,两者基本吻合,表明模型可用于模拟沟灌二维土壤水分入渗过程.用所建模型对不同因素组合下沟灌土壤湿润体特性进行模拟分析,结果表明:土壤初始含水率、沟间距对沟灌累积入渗量影响较小,土壤质地、容重、沟底宽和沟中水深对其影响较为显著;沟底宽、土壤初始含水率对土壤湿润体水分分布影响较小,土壤质地、容重对其影响较大,沟间距、沟中水深对其影响主要在零通量面附近,当入渗发生交汇后,零通量面处垂向湿润锋运移加快.以此为基础,建立了包含湿周在内的沟灌累积入渗量计算模型. 相似文献
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Water flow is greatly influenced by the characteristics of the domain through which the process occurs. It is generally accepted that earth materials have extreme variations from point to point in space. Consequently, this heterogeneity results in high variation in hydraulic properties of soil. In order to develop an accurate predictive model for transport processes in soil, the effects of this variability should be considered. In this study a two‐dimensional stochastic finite element flow model was developed for simulation of water flow through unsaturated soils. In this model, the stochastic partial differential governing equation of water flow, obtained from implementation of the perturbation‐spectral stochastic method on classical Richard's equation, was solved using a finite element method in the space domain and a finite difference scheme in the time domain. The effective hydrological parameters embedded in the mathematical model depend on time derivatives of capillary tension head; this makes possible to consider the hysteresis due to large‐scale variability of soil hydrological properties. The model is also capable of simulating infiltration and evaporation events and rapid change in the land surface boundary condition from one type event to another, based on a scheme used in the model for implementation of land surface boundary condition. The model was validated with the data obtained from a layered lysimeter test. The model was also used to simulate water flow under a long irrigation furrow. The results obtained with this model show better agreement with experimental measurements in comparison with a deterministic model. The possible reason for this agreement is that in the developed model, the influence of the variability of the properties of soil and effects of parameter hysteresis on water flow and water content redistribution are considered. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对降雨径流从坡面流下的过程中会发生下渗,导致土壤水非饱和带含水率增大这一动力学过程,从物理机制上对土壤水和地表水进行耦合,将二维平面地表水模型叠置在土壤水模型的顶部,对土壤水、地表水模型进行相同的空间和时间离散,在模型的计算过程中通过达西流关系对两者之间的水量交换进行计算(双层结点法耦合)或整合离散方程的整体法进行耦合。通过对两种耦合方法的比较以及与前人的实验结果对比,该模型与耦合方法能够准确地模拟和预测地表径流与土壤水分运动过程。研究结果可为分析地表水流与饱和-非饱和带水分与溶质耦合机理提供理论支持。 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(2):91-97
Directional variability of spatial correlation is observed in natural soils due to their depositional characteristics and it influences the response of structures founded on these deposits. Nonetheless, the results presented in most of the available literature are based on the assumption of either isotropic spatial correlation or perfect spatial correlation of soil properties in horizontal and vertical directions. It is also observed from past studies that the effect of transformation model on the total uncertainty is quite significant. Hence, an effort has been made in this paper to study the effect of anisotropy of autocorrelation characteristics of cone tip resistance (qc) and the transformation model on the bearing capacity of a shallow strip footing, founding on the surface of a spatially varying soil mass. The statistics in the vertical direction of the soil mass are taken from 8 Cone Penetration Test (CPT) records and statistics in the horizontal direction are assumed. For the case considered, it is observed that the transformation model significantly influences the degree of variability of design parameter. The results also show that isotropic correlation structure based on the vertical autocorrelation distance underestimates the variability of design parameter. On the other hand, perfect correlation in horizontal or vertical, or both directions, overestimates the variability of design parameters, and produces conservative estimates of allowable bearing capacity. 相似文献
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非饱和黄土是典型的结构性土,对4种含水率的原状非饱和黄土和重塑非饱和黄土进行了3种围压下的三轴剪切试验。基于二元介质理论,通过原状非饱和黄土和重塑非饱和黄土的应力-应变曲线对比,定义了结构性参数结构应力分担比。考察了不同围压和含水率对结构应力分担比随应变变化的影响,并给出了其定量表达式。试验结果表明,围压和含水率是影响结构性的两个主要因素;随着应变增长,结构应力分担比分先线性增长后指数形式减低,其最大值可以表示成围压和含水率的函数。最后给出了考虑结构性的原状非饱和黄土本构模型的建模思路。 相似文献