共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 687 毫秒
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《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2014,(0)
脉冲星自发现以来一直是天文学家们关注的对象,甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometer,VLBI)更是以极高的角分辨率和灵敏度成为脉冲星研究的重要手段。为了使上海天文台现有的中国VLBI网(Chinese VLBI network,CVN)软件处理机能够处理脉冲星信号,讨论了用频率通道间时延补偿的方法实现非相干消色散,并通过加入矩形脉冲门同步信号,提取有效脉冲,提高了信噪比。然后改进现有CVN处理机结构,实现脉冲星信号的相关处理。最后,对脉冲位置搜索和脉冲星数据分箱(pulsar binning)技术做了初步分析与探索。VLBI数据处理结果表明此方法正确可行,能够消除色散,并获得脉冲星信号的相关处理条纹。 相似文献
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脉冲星发射的辐射信号经过星际介质到达观测天线的过程中,存在色散效应。该效应导致有一定带宽脉冲信号的不同频率成份到达天线时间有延迟,影响对脉冲星的观测。消色散技术是脉冲星观测的关键技术,它对脉冲星观测系统的灵敏度和观测精度至关重要。脉冲星相干消色散过程是:通过对观测信号进行Nyquist采样,对采样数据做傅立叶变换,变换后的频域信号与星际介质Chirp函数乘积,然后再做逆傅立叶变换回时域,得到消色散后的时域信号。乌鲁木齐天文站依托现有的南山25m射电望远镜和VLBI记录终端MK5A系统,自行开发的相干消色散处理软件(Linux操作系统下C语言调用MPI库)和4节点机群系统,建立了脉冲星相干消色散观测系统。 相似文献
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由单脉冲星定义的脉冲星时受几种噪声源的影响,为削弱这些影响得到一种更稳定的时间尺度,采取将多颗脉冲星定义的单脉冲星时进行综合的分析方法得到综合脉冲星时．用两种方法:经典加权算法和小波分解算法,对PSRB1855 09和PSR B1937 21两颗脉冲星进行综合计算并做出比较,经典加权算法无法兼顾脉冲星不同频率上的稳定度,而用小波分析的方法对PSR B1855 09和PSR B1937 21两颗脉冲星进行综合,能够有效抑制不同频率上噪声的影响,达到更好的效果． 相似文献
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脉冲星信号在星际空间传播的过程中,由于星际介质的存在造成观测到的脉冲星信号发生色散,因此需要对接收的脉冲星信号进行消色散,以获得原始的脉冲星信号。目前,消色散方法主要分为两种:相干消色散和非相干消色散。相对来说相干消色散效果彻底,算法较简单,而且能保留原始数据的时间分辨率,不过计算量较大,但是现在快速进步的计算机技术已经使计算量的问题得到很好的解决。为了精确了解两种消色散方法的区别,利用相关系数的方法定量地比较了相干消色散、非相干消色散两种方法的效果:在一定的频率值之下,前者得到消色散效果优于后者。同时确定两种消色散方法在效果相同时的观测频率。 相似文献
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毫秒脉冲星计时观测的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的理论、方法和技术研究的进展进行了阐述。根据近年来取得的观测研究结果,毫秒脉冲星计时测量误差～2×10－7秒,毫秒脉冲星自转周期稳定性足以和现代原子钟相媲美：其相对频率不稳定度达到1×10－14（1年≤γ≤5．2年）,并可望更高。近年来,脉冲星计时观测系统的接收灵敏度获得很大改进,计时观测的数据采集、处理技术、脉冲到达时间分析模型研究等都有长足发展。通过综合脉冲星时间算法得到的脉冲星时间尺度将比现代原子时具有更高的长期稳定度。叙述了脉冲星的物理特性及有关计时观测系统的技术成果,如观测频率和带宽的选择,消色散和接收系统灵敏度等问题。最后对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的误差源进行了讨论,并对脉冲星时间尺度的应用前景做了展望。 相似文献
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VLBI是进行高分辨率脉冲星观测研究的重要手段.脉冲星信号是非常微弱的脉冲序列,其VLBI观测面临多种挑战.在数据相关过程中采用有效技术提取脉冲星信号可提高观测成功率和精度.DiFX(Distributed FX-style Software Correlator)是目前国际上流行的开源软件相关处理机,它采用非相干消色散技术和“脉冲星数据分箱技术”(Pulsar Binning),在脉冲星VLBI观测数据的相关处理方面具有优异的性能.介绍了DiFX的构架,安装、调试方法,并对利用DiFX处理脉冲星VLBI观测数据的进展情况进行论述.利用单机环境下的DiFX,在普通模式和Pulsar Binning模式下对中国VLBI网(CVN)第一次脉冲星观测数据进行相关处理;利用德国马普射电天文研究所集群计算环境下的Bonn-DiFX,在Pulsar Binning模式下对流量仅有2.6 mJy的毫秒脉冲星PSRJ1022+1001的欧洲VLBI网(EVN)观测数据成功进行相关处理.最后,对使用DiFX处理脉冲星观测数据情况进行总结,并展望了今后CVN开展脉冲星观测研究的前景. 相似文献
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由单颗脉冲星定义的脉冲星时受多种噪声源的影响,其短期和长期稳定度都不够好.为了削弱这些噪声源对单脉冲星时的影响,可以采取合适的算法对多个单脉冲星时进行综合得到综合脉冲星时,从而提高综合脉冲星时的长期稳定度.文中介绍4种综合脉冲星时算法:经典加权算法、小波分析算法、维纳滤波算法和小波域中的维纳滤波算法,将这4种算法分别应用于Arecibo天文台对两颗毫秒脉冲星PSR B1855+09和PSRB1937+21观测得到的计时残差并作出比较. 相似文献
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The importance of producing the pulsar standard pulse profile is discussed. By analyzing the classical pulse superposition method, a novel pulse profile accumulation method based on the wavelet-modulus-maxima information is proposed. First, the original observed data are divided into groups according to the pulse periods, and by making separately the wavelet decomposition, the wavelet coefficients characterizing the pulse peaks on coarse scales are obtained. Secondly, selecting a group of coefficients with a high SNR as the reference data and making correlations respectively with the other groups of coefficients, the relative time delays of pulse peaks are determined. Finally, the grouped original data are added up according to the relative time delays to obtain the pulse profile. With a prior estimation of the background noise and the smoothing processing of the signal, a normalized standard profile with a rather high SNR can be obtained. Practical experiments and comparison with the template correlation method indicate that this method is simple, effective, free of the necessity of designing an approximate template, and insensitive to noise type. It should be valuable for engineering applications. 相似文献
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讨论了产生脉冲星标准脉冲轮廓的重要性.在分析经典脉冲轮廓生成方法的基础上,提出了基于小波模极大值相关处理的脉冲轮廓累加方法.首先将观测数据按周期分组,分别进行小波分解,生成粗尺度上以脉峰为特征点的小波系数;然后,选择某组高信噪比信号的系数为参考数据,分别与其它各组变换系数进行相关,确定脉峰的相对时延.最后,对分组的原始观测数据按此相对时延量进行累加,生成脉冲轮廓.观测信号可先通过背景噪声估计和平滑处理而得到信噪比较高的归一化标准轮廓.实例分析以及与模板相关法的比较结果表明:该方法简单而有效,不需要设计近似模板,且对噪声类型不敏感,具有较高的工程应用价值. 相似文献
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The pulsar time defined by a single pulsar is affected by many kinds of noise sources. Its short-term and long-term degrees of stability are both not good enough. In order to weaken the influence of these noise sources on the single pulsar time, an appropriate algorithm can be adopted to make a synthesis of many single pulsar times, then the ensemble pulsar time is obtained, thereby increasing the long-term degree of stability of the ensemble pulsar time. In this article four kinds of algorithms of the ensemble pulsar time are introduced, i.e., the classical weighting algorithm, wavelet analysis algorithm, Wiener filtering algorithm and Wiener filtering algorithm in wavelet domain. These four algorithms are respectively applied to the timing residuals obtained from the observation of two millisecond pulsars, PSR B1855+09 and PSR B1937+21 made at the Arecibo Astronomical Observatory, and comparisons are carried out. 相似文献
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The pulsar time defined by a single pulsar is affected by several noises and in order to weaken their effects and acquire a much more stable time scale we define a synthetic pulsar time from many single pulsar times. Synthesis of the two pulsars, PSR B1855 + 09 and PSR B1937 + 21 is implemented by two methods: the classical weighting algorithm and the wavelet decomposition algorithm. The results are compared. The classical weighting algorithm is unable to take into consideration the different degrees of stability at different frequencies while the wavelet algorithm can, and thereby get better results. 相似文献
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In this paper we argue that the PSR B 1849+00 and SNR G33.6+0.1 are possibly associated, because (1) there is only a small probability of chance superposition in this sky region; (2) although the estimates of the distance and the age of the two objects contain a high degree of uncertainty, they are not inconsistent; (3) the implied transverse velocity of the pulsar is also quite reasonable according to the measured distribution of pulsar velocities. The association could be verified by measuring the proper motion of PSR B 1849+00, which is estimated to be about 10 mas·yr–1. 相似文献
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从所有已被提出和发现的230多颗超新星遗迹和1300多颗脉冲星中，总结出一个共50对脉冲星与超新星遗迹成协候选体的样本．其中至少20对因为环绕脉冲星的脉冲星风云已被探测到，其成协性应该是真实的。结合近来的观测结果，对导致这种成协对缺失现象的各种因素进行了讨论，尤其深入地讨论了这个样本中有代表性的3个很可能成协的脉冲星与超新星遗迹对。 相似文献
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We present Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) G296.8–00.3. A 1.3-GHz continuum image shows the remnant to have a complex multi-shelled appearance, with an unusual rectangular strip running through its centre. H I absorption yields a kinematic distance to the remnant of 9.6 ± 0.6 kpc, from which we estimate an age in the range (2–10) × 103 yr. The ATCA's continuum mode allows a measurement of the Faraday rotation across the band, from which we derive a mean rotation measure towards the SNR of 430 rad m−2 . We consider possible explanations for the morphology of G296.8–00.3, and conclude that either it has a biannular structure, as might be produced through interaction with an asymmetric progenitor wind, or its appearance is caused by the effects of the surrounding interstellar medium. We argue that the adjacent pulsar J1157–6224 is at a similar distance to the SNR, but that a physical association is highly unlikely. The pulsar is the only detectable source in the field in circular polarization, suggesting a method for finding pulsars during aperture synthesis. 相似文献