共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 500 毫秒
1.
电子机械制造业产品在中国对外贸易中占有重要地位,以产品内贸易视角研究其出口空间布局有助于剖析中国出口体系结构特征。在区分中间、最终产品,一般、加工贸易的前提下,本文观察了出口所在地和目的国两个维度中国电子机械制造业产品出口企业空间布局,并基于技术关联探讨了其动态演化的驱动因素。结果如下：① 在全国层面,除加工贸易最终产品外,一般贸易中间产品、加工贸易中间产品和一般贸易最终产品与某地产品结构的技术关联程度越高,对应的出口企业越可能到该地进行出口。在东部地区,上述关系在4类产品中均存在,而在中部和西部地区,其只存在于一般贸易产品。② 一般贸易产品与某国从中国进口的产品结构技术关联程度越高,对应企业越倾向于出口到该国。但依据收入水平将目的国分组后,这种促进关系在高收入国家中不存在。加工贸易产品出口企业目的国布局与对应技术关联程度无明显关系。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
以广东揭阳的玉器生产专业村阳美村为例,从文化经济地理学视角解读本土产业发展中地方性的嵌入与重构。研究发现：本土产业在地方性多方要素的驱动与支撑下产生,在多重尺度政治经济过程作用与地方主体的响应下发展。地方性是本土产业产生并建立对外功能联系的初始条件,也是主体响应结构变动所做战略选择和地方营销的依托。在地方性嵌入产业发展的同时,生产、生活和宗教等地方活动被强化了与玉器生产相关的功能和意义,民居、街巷、宗祠等空间形制因传统功能被挤压而出现重塑。地方活动与景观的变化并未弱化地方意义,村民的地方依赖和依恋因本土产业提供了更好的发展机会与荣誉感而增强。 相似文献
5.
Africa’s recent growth successes are raising hopes that its cities can generate the positive externalities needed to sustain long-term development. This paper examines the prospects for such a transformation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A sociotechnical systems framework is elaborated: one which conceptualizes urbanization pathways as determined by the practices, modes of governance, couplings, and multiscalar relations that constitute production, consumption, and infrastructure regimes in cities. The framework is deployed to assess whether Dar es Salaam’s industries, markets, public services, and built environments are generating distributive development outcomes. The analysis shows that the city is experiencing socioeconomically and spatially uneven development driven by processes of extraversion, intraversion, and splintering. Urban regimes are thus serving a more “parasitic” role by channeling capital offshore, bringing imports onshore, and creating highly uneven distributions of basic services. The paper highlights points of intervention and the value of the conceptual approach for comparative urban research. 相似文献
6.
吉林玉米带的地位与发展前景 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
对我国玉米生产概况和玉米在我国粮食生产中的地位作了概述，重点论述了吉林玉米带以玉米为主的粮食生产结构带来的问题。一方面，生产量大于需求量，加工形式单一，玉米积压严重，另一方面，由于生态成本高，比较效益低，作为农民家庭的主要经营收入低，限制了农民种植玉米的积极性，同时地方财政为保证保护价收购玉米而背上沉重包袱。加入WTO后，这些问题必将对吉林省玉米生产产生巨大影响。因此，提出了5条改善措施；即；科学规划，适当压缩玉米生产面积，建立优质玉米生产基地，以提高单产而保证增加总产，建立形式多样的玉米转化、加工体系，保证吉林省玉米生产持续稳定发展。 相似文献
7.
China’s low agricultural labor productivity has become the key weakness of its agricultural competitiveness and sustainable development, and strategies for improving China’s agricultural labor productivity lack clear and consistent theory and empirical support. To address this issue, the current study uses the methods of convergence index, correlation coefficient, and nonparametric test, to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural labor productivity among 32 major agrarian countries during 1961-2013. This analysis shows that the development gap among countries has been narrowing. The USA takes the leading position among all the countries, while some countries with scarce land like Japan have succeeded in achieving transcendence, and other countries like India have experienced relatively slow speed. The agricultural labor productivity is significantly driven by agricultural labor surplus, agricultural product processing, and agricultural industrial structure. The effects of land resource endowment, agricultural mechanization, and biochemical inputs have been declining and in some cases are no longer even significant. It is therefore necessary to shift attention to marketization, diversification, and high quality, instead of the former focus on agricultural intensification, concentration and large-scale operations, and this shift is probably more closely aligned with current practices. There are more people and less land in China, and the agricultural labor force in China still accounts for nearly 30% of the total population. Considering these national conditions, it is very important to simultaneously improve the efficiency of agricultural production of small farmers and promote the successful urbanization of the agricultural labor force. In the medium and long term, it is imperative to improve the competitiveness of Chinese agriculture by adopting related policy arrangements such as induced agricultural technological innovation, production factor substitution, and multifunctional agriculture development. 相似文献
8.
玉米深加工具有典型的替代能源及循环经济特征。目前玉米深加工行业面临的资源短缺和环境污染的双重制约。从促进经济与环境协调发展的角度,结合玉米深加工产业发展及环境治理现状,对玉米深加工产业的循环经济模式——玉米深加工生态产业园区建设进行了探索。通过对玉米深加工生态产业园上下游原料产业链的延伸、各环节废物的资源化分析、能源与水资源回收利用的设计和生态产业园区外围企业关系的研究,结果表明,通过实施清洁生产和延长产业链,构建闭合循环的玉米深加工生态产业链条,可实现资源、能源的有效节约和副产品、废弃物的综合利用,具有相应的环境、经济和社会效益,在增强企业绿色竞争力的同时可促进玉米深加工产业的可持续发展。该模式对吉林省及同类地区玉米深加工产业的可持续发展有指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
9.
M. A. Tarakanov 《Geography and Natural Resources》2018,39(2):168-174
The problem of freeing the country’s economy from commodity dependence is discussed. The potential for increasing the depth of processing of extracted raw materials and semi-products manufactured by enterprises of Irkutsk oblast is considered. Irkutsk oblast is one of the largest industrial constituent entities of the Russian Federation with a highly specific structure of industries. It combines an advanced extractive industry (production of oil, gold, iron ore, coal, salt and gypsum as well as logging) with multisectoral mechanical engineering (aircraft industry, manufacture of various machinery and equipment, electrical products, switching products and instruments). It also includes the advanced electric-power (absolutely dominated by the hydroelectric power component), aluminum and nuclear industries, and the chemical and forestry complex. The proportion of their products in the country’s economy is quite large. Most of these products are exported in the form of semi-products for a further processing to other regions of the country or to other countries. The range of interests of various entities is identified, which can influence the solution to the problem under consideration. Such entities can include society (the country’s population), the territory represented by its population, a corporation, a company, an industrial enterprise, and separate entrepreneurs. It is shown that it is impossible and inappropriate to fully process all semi-products and raw materials produced by the regional industry to obtain products for final consumption, due to economic, transportation and other reasons. However, a processing of them within economically justified limits is highly desirable in order for Irkutsk oblast to gain additional benefits in the form of tax revenues to the budget, job creation and an increase in charitable donations. A rationally is given to the need to do research in order to determine the scope of manufacture of products for final consumption in Irkutsk oblast. 相似文献
10.
循环经济理念下新型稻米加工企业产业链的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对我国目前稻米加工业发展现状进行分析的基础上,针对目前稻米加工业精深加工水平不高,资源利用率低等问题,提出以循环经济理念为指导,构建稻米加工业新型产业链的思路,并以具体的稻米加工企业为案例,对稻米加工业发展循环经济的经济效益与生态效益、社会效益进行分析,为同类行业发展循环经济提供有利借鉴。 相似文献
11.
Samson Afewerki Asbjørn Karlsen Danny MacKinnon 《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2019,73(1):4-15
ABSTRACTThe authors employ the global production network (GPN) approach to analyse the development of the renewable energy sector. Through a case study of the development of a Hywind floating offshore wind project (Hywind) across two oil and gas economies, namely Norway and Scotland, the paper sheds light on the key drivers and role of core GPN actors. Methodologically, the authors investigate the process from both ‘inside-out’ and ‘outside-in’ perspectives, referring to the efforts of firms expanding into overseas markets and the efforts of host countries to attract investment from outside their territories. The analysis shows how the configuration of extractive production networks is shaped by the interactions between the network development practices of firms and the market development strategies of host states. The authors conclude that the distinct materiality of floating wind power technology shapes the territorial configuration of the production network by enabling its spatial extension across a range of locations. By contrast, existing research on other extractive sectors has emphasized the spatially constraining effects of materiality (Bridge 2008). 相似文献
12.
高耗能行业作为中国低碳转型的重要一环,是落实碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要抓手。结合各行业/部门上下游关联,本文力求构建中国隐含碳关联网络,解析高耗能行业的碳风险传导路径,主要结论如下：① 中国高耗能行业的碳排放总量从2007年的50.45亿t增长至2017年的74.27亿t,占比从77%增长至80%。② 石油加工业、化学原料制品业、有色金属加工业的上下游隐含碳转移效率相对较高,而电力生产供应业、非金属制品业、黑色金属加工业则相对较低。③ 随着高耗能与其上下游行业的关联增强,隐含碳排放占比逐层降低,碳风险传导路径各有不同。④ 电力生产供应业、黑色金属加工业、非金属制品业等的单位增加值减少量对应的碳排放削减量较高,减排效率较其他行业更为显著。本研究通过构建隐含碳关联网络,解析碳风险传导的关键节点及路径,力求为中国高耗能行业的可持续低碳转型及潜在风险规避提供借鉴参考。 相似文献
13.
Diana Wagner I. Koulakov W. Rabbel B.-G. Luehr A. Wittwer H. Kopp M. Bohm G. Asch the MERAMEX Scientists 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,170(2):923-932
Seismic and volcanic activities in Central Java, Indonesia, the area of interest of this study, are directly or indirectly related to the subduction of the Indo-Australian plate. In the framework of the MERapi AMphibious EXperiments (MERAMEX), a network consisting of about 130 seismographic stations was installed onshore and offshore in Central Java and operated for more than 150 days. In addition, 3-D active seismic experiments were carried out offshore. In this paper, we present the results of processing combined active and passive seismic data, which contain traveltimes from 292 local earthquakes and additional airgun shots along three offshore profiles. The inversion was performed using the updated LOTOS-06 code that allows processing for active and passive source data. The joint inversion of the active and passive data set considerably improves the resolution of the upper crust, especially in the offshore area in comparison to only passive data. The inversion results are verified using a series of synthetic tests. The resulting images show an exceptionally strong low-velocity anomaly (−30 per cent) in the backarc crust northward of the active volcanoes. In the upper mantle beneath the volcanoes, we observe a low-velocity anomaly inclined towards the slab, which probably reflects the paths of fluids and partially melted materials in the mantle wedge. The crust in the forearc appears to be strongly heterogeneous. The onshore part consists of two high-velocity blocks separated by a narrow low-velocity anomaly, which can be interpreted as a weakened contact zone between two rigid crustal bodies. The recent Java M w = 6.3 earthquake (2006/05/26-UTC) occurred at the lower edge of this zone. Its focal strike slip mechanism is consistent with the orientation of this contact. 相似文献
14.
Original field data reports from the Azerbaijan sector of the South Caspian Basin have been used to compile statistical histograms of reservoir characteristics for both onshore and offshore oil fields. Two groups of statistics are presented here: the first group discusses reservoir thickness, areas, volumes, and horizon depths for the onshore and offshore fields; the second group discusses permeability, porosity, oil viscosity, oil recovery factor, reserves, and production for the onshore and offshore fields. These statistical distributions have been constructed so that one has available an historical database for use in assessing the range of likely reservoir characteristics in exploration ventures in this basin. 相似文献
15.
Saul B. Suslick 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(3):211-224
This paper presents a methodology used to combine energy and mineral market variables between Less Developed Countries (LDCs)
and Developed Countries (OECD) over the past 24 years (1966–1990). LDCs include all countries, except OECD and central planned
economies (CIS) and other countries in Eastern Europe. This period permits a comprehensive view of the impact of the energy
crisis and the changes in economic growth patterns, correlated with changes in trends of production and consumption of energy
and metals in both country blocs. This complex relationship was evaluated by a factor model of consumption and production
variables using the aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc industries. The following variables are used in the factor model: export
dependence, geographic concentration of mining production, geographic concentration of refined demand, geographic concentration
of refined production, import dependence, refined demand growth, stability of demand, income elasticity of refined demand,
price stability, intensity of use, and intensity of energy. The model for all commodities shows that the factor scores projections
for LDCs and OECD blocs depicted a clearly divergent trend after the two oil shocks (1973–1979), when the intensity of energy
variable presents high loading in the factor. The results are in substantial agreement with findings that the demand for energy,
as well as for metals, is growing more rapidly in LDCs than OECD. 相似文献
16.
Daniel Brooker 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2011,32(2):141-154
The paper seeks to illuminate everyday work practices in the economic spaces of Malaysia's business process outsourcing (BPO) industry. It draws upon empirical evidence from call centre staff and promotes analytical sensitivity to the experience of labour and spatiotemporal relations within the offshore back offices of multinational corporations located in Cyberjaya, Malaysia. The analysis provides an empirical snapshot of how IT‐facilitated work practices in the global information economy are embedded and socially reproduced in everyday settings. To this end, the paper engages anthropologically with BPO labour, and critiques ‘globalist’ representations of economic and social transformation frequently articulated through an abstract, dehumanized space of networks and flows often seen to wash over local places, culture and people. 相似文献
17.
18.
农村地区非农产业的发展是农村剩余劳动力再配置、农村经济社会发展的必然要求。通过对中国欠发达区域的一个典型村落的农村经济发展的案例分析,发现虽然欠发达区域的城市经济扩散能力较弱、城乡互动的原动力不强,但通过“内生性”措施并依靠当地优势条件和历史发展路径,采用农村工业集聚发展策略,能实现乡村区域的发展、促进区域转型。 相似文献
19.
黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产潜力影响因素分析——以王家沟流域为例 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
针对黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀非常严重、作物产量低而不稳以及农业生产力水平低下的特点,本文首先分析了近几年来王家沟流域不同种类和不同年份作物生产力变化的特征,然后在地理信息系统(GIS)技术支持下,利用基于土壤侵蚀条件下的YIELD作物生产力模型并结合各作物的实际观测资料,从降雨量、气温等气象因素以及地膜覆盖、施肥、梯田等耕作措施两方面分析了该小流域作物生产力变化的原因,结果表明在气象因素(大气降水)和土壤侵蚀的共同影响下,土壤水分和养分的变化是影响该区域作物生产力变化的主要制约因素。 相似文献
20.
黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产潜力影响因素分析——以王家沟流域为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀非常严重、作物产量低而不稳以及农业生产力水平低下的特点 ,本文首先分析了近几年来王家沟流域不同种类和不同年份作物生产力变化的特征 ,然后在地理信息系统 (GIS)技术支持下 ,利用基于土壤侵蚀条件下的YIELD作物生产力模型并结合各作物的实际观测资料 ,从降雨量、气温等气象因素以及地膜覆盖、施肥、梯田等耕作措施两方面分析了该小流域作物生产力变化的原因 ,结果表明在气象因素 (大气降水 )和土壤侵蚀的共同影响下 ,土壤水分和养分的变化是影响该区域作物生产力变化的主要制约因素。 相似文献