共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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基于帧选择和多帧降质图像盲解卷积的自适应光学图像恢复 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自适应光学系统受观测条件与自身条件的限制,通常只能对受大气湍流影响的降质图像进行部分校正.提出一种基于帧选择与多帧降质图像盲解卷积的事后处理方法进行自适应光学图像高分辨力恢复.该方法通过帧选择技术筛选出合适的多帧降质图像参与迭代盲解卷积运算,不需要除正性限制外的任何先验知识,并已应用于云南天文台1.2m望远镜61单元自适应光学系统所观测到的星体目标图像恢复中.实验结果表明:该方法可以有效补偿自适应光学系统校正残差对图像的影响,恢复出达到衍射极限的图像. 相似文献
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基于相位差方法的天文目标高分辨率成像,是利用在焦面和离焦位置上同时采集的一对或者多对短曝光图像,对目标和大气湍流引入的波前相位分布进行估计．在计算机模拟望远镜成像系统和相位差方法图像采集过程的基础上,利用信号估计和最优化理论,确定了高斯噪声模型下的目标函数,采用适合于大规模无约束优化的有限内存拟牛顿法对图像恢复问题进行了数值求解．恢复结果表明,基于相位差方法的高分辨成像技术,可以有效地克服大气湍流的影响,解决天文扩展目标的图像恢复问题． 相似文献
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地基望远镜在成像过程中,由于受大气湍流、望远镜静态像差、跟踪误差、指向误差及视场变化的影响,不同视场区域的PSF (Point Spread Function)具有差异;同时,不同望远镜获取的图像PSF也存在差异.将多个望远镜获取的星象直接叠加至相同的区域后,图像质量受像质最差的望远镜限制,最终观测分辨率和灵敏度均会受到影响.通过图像复原,可以提高图像质量,进而提高叠加效果.根据该思路提出了1种基于PSF分区的迭代图像复原方法:该方法首先通过SOM (Self-organizing Maps)对PSF进行聚类分析,利用同类别PSF的平均PSF进行反卷积,再将反卷积结果按PSF聚类结果分割为不同大小的子图,最后将子图进行拼接.图像复原在提高图像质量的同时,降低了PSF不一致性对图像叠加带来的影响.将几个望远镜在同一时刻获取的图像经反卷积处理之后利用图像配准算法进行矫正并叠加,可获得高信噪比图像.对实际望远镜获取的数据处理后的结果表明:图像在进行复原和叠加过程中,星象目标信噪比不断提升,提高了成像系统对暗星的探测能力. 相似文献
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斑点干涉成像技术是克服大气湍流影响,提高地面大口径望远镜分辨本领的有效途径之一。该技术利用斑点相机拍摄一系列的短曝光像,使得大气湍流冻结,再经过图像处理获得高分辨率重建像。该技术设备简单,易于实现,很快在观测天文学中得到了广泛的应用,尤其是对双星的研究。首先回顾了天文高分辨率重建技术的发展,并介绍了相关研究成果。描述了几种典型的斑点干涉成像处理方法及其优缺点。对图像噪声类型及滤波方法进行了分析。在上海天文台1．56m望远镜上开展了双星斑点干涉观测实验,目标星等4～7mag,双星目标星等差小于2。分别采用斑点干涉术和迭代位移叠加法成功实现了双星目标的高分辨率成像,初步证明了在1．56m望远镜上进行斑点干涉成像实验,能够达到接近望远镜衍射极限的分辨率水平。 相似文献
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CLEAN算法在天文图像空域重建中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
将ＣＬＥＡＮ算法用于天文图像空域重建方法：迭代位移叠加法中的消卷积过程,由于它同样是在空间域中进行了迭代减法过程,避免了必须把图像变换到傅里叶空间频率域中,然后用除法消卷积的传统做法,因而满足了仅在空间域中重建目标的需要,使迭代位移叠加法更加简捷。用该方法对天文目标进行的观测实验得到了很好的像复原结果。 相似文献
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多层湍流大气相位屏的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高分辨图像重建技术可以有效消除湍流大气的影响,重建目标的接近望远镜衍射极限的图像。但是当目标的视场角比较大时,大气—望远镜综合系统不再是线性空不变的,给图像重建带来新的困难,它是大气性质中的一个重要特性,对大气相位屏的模拟应该满足这一特性。提出了一种可以模拟等晕区效应的多层大气相位屏的数值模拟方法,这种方法可以应用于等晕区对高分辨统计重建方法的影响的研究中。利用该数值模拟方法模拟了5″和8″的双星的斑点图,用斑点干涉术对模拟的双星进行了重建,并与实测的双星的斑点干涉术重建结果进行了比较。比较结果表明该数值模拟方法所产生的等晕区效应与实际的等晕区效应相似。 相似文献
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CCD图像数字定心算法的比较 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
从CCD采集的数字图像中提取天体的位置和光度信息对于天文研究具有基础意义.其中,恒星星像中心像素位置的精确测量对于天体测量至关重要.针对国际上常用的三种位置测量算法:修正矩方法、Gauss拟合法和中值法,利用实测的CCD图像进行了试验研究.具体地,采用云南天文台1m望远镜观测的CCD图像同时使用这些算法进行了实际测量,根据每幅图像中测得的像素位置,对这三类定心算法进行了比较和精度分析.可视化方法被用于不同阈值的选取和设定比较.实验数据表明,无阈值的二维Gauss拟合方法是一种精度相对较高的定心算法. 相似文献
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大气湍流理论的进展及其天文学意义(英) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
传统的大气湍流理论始于大约30年前．湍流理论的发展使得天文学家对大气湍流对天文观测的影响有了很好的认识，尤其是它为天文台选址和天文高分辨率技术提供了基础．近年来新的天文观测已对传统的大气湍流理论提出了挑战，并可能给地面天文观测带来一场革命．在回顾了大气湍流理论的发展历史后对传统大气湍流理论的基本特性及其应用作了系统的综述，并介绍了新的天文观测事实以及为此而提出的新的大气湍流理论模型． 相似文献
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Atmospheric turbulence severely restricts the spatial resolution of astronomical images obtained by a large ground-based telescope. In order to reduce effectively this effect, we propose a method of blind deconvolution, with a bandwidth constraint determined by the parameters of the telescope's optical system based on the principle of maximum likelihood estimation, in which the convolution error function is minimized by using the conjugate gradient algorithm. A relation between the parameters of the telescope optical system and the image's frequency-domain bandwidth is established, and the speed of convergence of the algorithm is improved by using the positivity constraint on the variables and the limited-bandwidth constraint on the point spread function. To avoid the effective Fourier frequencies exceed the cut-off frequency, it is required that each single image element (e.g., the pixel in the CCD imaging) in the sampling focal plane should be smaller than one fourth of the diameter of the diffraction spot. In the algorithm, no object-centered constraint was used, so the proposed method is suitable for the image restoration of a whole field of objects. By the computer simulation and by the restoration of an actually-observed image of α Piscium, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated. 相似文献
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Restricted by the observational condition and the hardware, adaptive optics can only make a partial correction of the optical images blurred by atmospheric turbulence. A postprocessing method based on frame selection and multi-frame blind deconvolution is proposed for the restoration of high-resolution adaptive optics images. By frame selection we mean we first make a selection of the degraded (blurred) images for participation in the iterative blind deconvolution calculation, with no need of any a priori knowledge, and with only a positivity constraint. This method has been applied to the restoration of some stellar images observed by the 61-element adaptive optics system installed on the Yunnan Observatory 1.2m telescope. The experimental results indicate that this method can effectively compensate for the residual errors of the adaptive optics system on the image, and the restored image can reach the diffraction-limited quality. 相似文献
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张利 Li-Gong Mi Long Xu Ming Zhang Dan-Yang Li Xiang Liu Feng Wang Yi-Fan Xiao Zhong-Zu Wu 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2021,(3):117-127
A sky model from CLEAN deconvolution is a particularly effective high dynamic range reconstruction in radio astronomy,which can effectively model the sky and remove the sidelobes of the point spread function(PSF)caused by incomplete sampling in the spatial frequency domain.Compared to scale-free and multi-scale sky models,adaptive-scale sky modeling,which can model both compact and diffuse features,has been proven to have better sky modeling capabilities in narrowband simulated data,especially for large-scale features in high-sensitivity observations which are exactly one of the challenges of data processing for the Square Kilometre Array(SKA).However,adaptive scale CLEAN algorithms have not been verified by real observation data and allow negative components in the model.In this paper,we propose an adaptive scale model algorithm with non-negative constraint and wideband imaging capacities,and it is applied to simulated SKA data and real observation data from the Karl G.Jansky Very Large Array(JVLA),an SKA precursor.Experiments show that the new algorithm can reconstruct more physical models with rich details.This work is a step forward for future SKA image reconstruction and developing SKA imaging pipelines. 相似文献
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首先介绍了斑点图形成机制以及获取方法,并借助计算机模拟了斑点图的生成。然后重点描述斑点图的图像重建方法,包括频率域和空间域重建方法。在频率域重建方法部分依次详细叙述了用于复原模信息的斑点干涉法和用于复原相位信息的由模复原相位法、Knox-Thompson法、斑点掩模法;空间域重建方法部分介绍了典型的LWH法和迭代位移叠加法;另外,盲消卷积法也为斑点图重建提供了新的思路,文章对此方法也做了介绍;特别地,还对国内在该领域的相关工作做了介绍;关于斑点图重建方法在天文学、天体物理学等领域的应用,文章做了有针对性的介绍;最后一章是斑点图图像重建方法的总结。 相似文献
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《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(3):405-423
Due to the atmospheric turbulence, the static aberration, tracking and pointing errors of telescopes, the point spread functions (PSFs) in different fields of view are different. Meanwhile, there are different PSFs in the images obtained by different telescopes. The quality of co-adding image is limited by the image with the poorest quality, and finally the resolution and sensitivity of the quad-channel telescope will also be affected. Dividing the image into some regions with the same type of PSF, and deconvolving these regions can improve the quality of the co-adding image. According to this theory, an image restoration algorithm based on the PSF clustering is proposed. Firstly, this paper makes the PSF clustering analysis by using Self-Organizing Maps, and makes the image segmentation based on the result of the PSF clustering analysis, then using the clustered PSFs to make deconvolutions on the sub-images. Then, the restored sub-images after deconvolution are joined together. Finally, by through the image registration and co-adding, the image with a high signal to noise ratio can be obtained. The result shows that the signal to noise ratio of the astronomical images are improved with our method, and the detection capability on faint stars is also improved. 相似文献
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We have developed a method of stray-light correction which is applicable to filter-based magnetograph observations. Stray-light-corrected Stokes images are obtained by performing the deconvolution of observed Stokes images by the point spread function which is determined from the Stokes I image. For image deconvolution, the maximum entropy principle is used to guarantee that intensity should be positive and polarization degrees should be less than unity. We present an iterative algorithm for the maximum entropy method, which seeks the solution in Fourier space and thus accomplishes fast convergence. We find that our method is effective in correcting stray light which has a spread angle greater than the full width at half maximum of the point spread function. We also discuss the effect of stray light on magnetograph calibration. 相似文献
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《New Astronomy》2015
In the case of ground-based telescopes equipped with adaptive optics systems, the point spread function (PSF) is only poorly known or completely unknown. Moreover, an accurate modeling of the PSF is in general not available. Therefore in several imaging situations the so-called blind deconvolution methods, aiming at estimating both the scientific target and the PSF from the detected image, can be useful. A blind deconvolution problem is severely ill-posed and, in order to reduce the extremely large number of possible solutions, it is necessary to introduce sensible constraints on both the scientific target and the PSF.In a previous paper we proposed a sound mathematical approach based on a suitable inexact alternating minimization strategy for minimizing the generalized Kullback–Leibler divergence, assuring global convergence. In the framework of this method we showed that an important constraint on the PSF is the upper bound which can be derived from the knowledge of its Strehl ratio. The efficacy of the approach was demonstrated by means of numerical simulations.In this paper, besides improving the previous approach by the use of a further constraint on the unknown scientific target, we extend it to the case of multiple images of the same target obtained with different PSFs. The main application we have in mind is to Fizeau interferometry. As it is known this is a special feature of the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Of the two expected interferometers for LBT, one, LINC-NIRVANA, is forthcoming while the other, LBTI, is already operating and has provided the first Fizeau images, demonstrating the possibility of reaching the resolution of a 22.8 m telescope. Therefore the extension of our blind method to this imaging modality seems to be timely.The method is applied to realistic simulations of imaging both by single mirrors and Fizeau interferometers. Successes and failures of the method in the imaging of stellar fields are demonstrated in simple cases. These preliminary results look promising at least in specific situations. The IDL code of the proposed method is available on request and will be included in the forthcoming version of the Software Package AIRY (v.6.1). 相似文献
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A principle of restoration methods based on multichannel blind deconvolution (MBD) is introduced. The methods assume that
for every un-degraded unobservable image several degraded observed images are available. It is better conditioned than classical
single channel approach. The first algorithm represents a generalization of iterative deconvolution scheme introduced for
single images. The second MBD algorithm is based on so-called subspace technique. The subspace method is not iterative and
this possibly implies an implementation that can be computationally more efficient. Both methods are presented in applications
to artificial image data (computer-generated multichannel degraded data) with known ideal image to get a comparison with restored
one. Performance in a real situation on solar photosphere images is shown. 相似文献
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R. W. Wilson 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,337(1):103-108
This paper discusses the use of Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensors to determine the vertical distribution of atmospheric optical turbulence above large telescopes. It is demonstrated that the turbulence altitude profile can be recovered reliably from time-averaged spatial cross-correlations of the local wavefront slopes for Shack–Hartmann observations of binary stars. The method, which is referred to as SLODAR, is analogous to the well known SCIDAR scintillation profiling technique, and a calibration against contemporaneous SCIDAR observations is shown. Hardware requirements are simplified relative to the scintillation method, and the number of suitable target objects is larger. The implementation of a Shack–Hartmann based turbulence monitor for use at the William Herschel Telescope is described. The system will be used to optimize adaptive optical observations at the telescope and to characterize anisoplanatic variations of the corrected point spread function. 相似文献