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Approaches for Monitoring and Assessment of Ecological Benefits of National Key Ecological Projects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Quanqin Shao Jiangwen Fan Jiyuan Liu Fan Yang Hua Liu Xiuchun Yang Mingxiang Xu Peng Hou Xingjian Guo Lin Huang Yuzhe Li 《地球科学进展》2017,32(11):1174-1182
In recent decades, due to the combined effect of human activities and climate change, the ecosystem of our country has been continuously degraded, seriously affecting the sustainable economic and social development. In order to protect and recover the ecosystem, China has invested heavily in launching a series of key ecological programs and projects including North Shelter Forest Program, Grain for Green Project and integrated ecosystem management of rock desertification. How to comprehensively and timely grasp the ecological effects and existing flaws of the implementation of key ecological projects so as to scroll the implementation of ecological projects and ensure the implementation effect of the projects, and promote the follow-up ecological engineering deployment of being scientific and space-oriented is a major imperative for the country. Therefore, the National Key Research and Development Program of China set up the project of “Monitoring and Assessment of Ecological Benefits of Key Ecological Engineering in China”. Through the implementation of this project, we will establish an indicator system for monitoring and evaluating the ecological benefits of key ecological projects, developing various technical systems for monitoring and evaluating the ecological benefits of key ecological projects, quantitatively evaluating the ecological benefits of key ecological projects, and concise the technical approaches to enhancing ecological benefits. We will provide a scientific basis for future planning and management of key ecological projects. 相似文献
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根据降雨频率重现期统计结果,汶川地震灾区近年来毁坏或失效的泥石流防治工程大多与设计标准降雨频率关系不明显,但与大暴雨和特大暴雨雨强关系密切。所以,在泥石流防治工程可靠性评价方法中,可以引入超越概率的概念,亦即发生超出设计标准降雨频率的工程毁坏或失效概率。本文采用数理统计方法,以震区都江堰泥石流工程为例,讨论了泥石流防治工程的超越概率问题。建立了以雨强为标准的超越概率统计模型。 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - Tunneling projects are generally complex projects with numerous affective factors, including variable and unreliable conditions of the land. One of the appropriate tools for... 相似文献
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为减少公路工程建设项目和地质灾害之间的相互影响,工程建设之前必须对工程建设用地存在的地质灾害进行评估。结合国道317线汶川至马尔康段公路改建工程的特点,对工程遭受或工程建设可能诱发加剧的滑坡和崩塌灾害发生的可能性作了分析,并提出相应的防治对策,为拟改建的公路建设提供指导性建议。 相似文献
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Critical academic research has yet to comprehensively identify conceptual linkages and tensions between information communication technologies (ICTs) and land governance projects. In order to make a contribution to these complex research fields, this article examines three Kenyan projects to illustrate different aspects of competing theoretical frameworks for ICT-based land rights projects. The projects documented land and property in the informal settlements of Kibera and Mathare in Nairobi, and in the rural community of Lari in Kiambu County. Drawing particularly on conceptual frameworks that emphasize the ‘disruptive’ potentials of ICTs, and frameworks based on e-government models, the article argues that these projects include both disruptive aspects, which work through applying pressure on the state, and more ‘integrative’ approaches which seek to build state capacity. The projects also rely on multiple stakeholders, and cannot be easily categorized within simple narratives of crowdsourcing, for example. Instead the realities are more complex and ‘success’ is difficult to assess, and potential uses of such projects are open and multiple. 相似文献
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地质调查成果信息化建设方法探索——基于数字填图技术 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
地质调查项目信息化建设是实现地质调查有效服务国家生态文明建设重大需求的支撑体系之一。数字填图技术是地质调查项目信息化建设中的关键技术,使得野外数据采集、数据处理、成果输出等全流程信息化得以实现。文章针对地质调查项目信息化建设过程中的技术难点,应用最新的数字填图系统平台,总结出一套简明实用的地质调查项目信息化建设方法:首先,优选符合地质调查精度要求的数据源,并采用2000国家大地坐标系;而后,运用数字填图技术系统中DGSGIS工具下载、配准所选取数据源影像作为地理底图;最后,使用数字填图系统建设完成地质调查项目空间数据库。该方法技术流程简洁、实用性强,对地质调查项目信息化建设具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
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土工合成材料与土工合成材料加筋砂土的相关特性 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
目前土工合成材料加筋的理论研究明显落后于工程实践。为了指导土工合成材料的优选和研究加筋机理,以5种国产土工合成材料为加筋材料,它们分别是针刺无纺土工织物、涤纶纤维经编土工格栅、玻璃纤维经编土工格栅、双向塑料拉伸土工格栅和土工网,系统进行三轴压缩试验以比较各种土工合成材料对砂土的加筋效果。试验结果表明：（1）各种土工合成材料加筋砂土的抗剪强度和应力应变特性不同;（2）无纺土工织物适合用于允许大变形的加筋土工程,涤纶纤维经编土工格栅和塑料拉伸土工格栅均适合用于对变形有较严格要求的加筋土工程,玻璃纤维经编土工格栅适合用于对变形有严格限制的加筋工程,设计时需要较大的安全系数,土工网适用低等级的加筋土工程;（3）砂土对各种土工合成材料侧向收缩的约束作用差异显著。 相似文献
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Fractal study of seismicity in order to characterize the various tectonic blocks of North-east Himalaya,India 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Three major projects initiated by the European Commission within its 7th Framework Programme that have studied the weather phenomena and their projections to the future in relation to their impacts and implications to the European transport systems have recently been concluded. All of the transport modes were covered, as well as all of the critical phenomena present within the European area. The three projects (that ran from 2009 and 2012) are as follows: (1) EWENT (Extreme Weather impacts on European Networks of Transport—www.ewent.vtt.fi); (2) ECCONET (Effects of climate change on the inland waterway networks—www.ecconet.eu); (3) WEATHER (Weather Extremes: Assessment of Impacts on Transport and Hazards for European Regions—www.weather-project.eu). In this Foreward to the Special Issue on “Vulnerability of Transportation to Extreme Weather and Climate Change,” the key results of the above three projects are addressed concisely, offering the reader a broader view of their findings; since some of these are enveloped in the research papers hosted in this volume, they will not be covered in detail. However, the rich output of these projects in the form of “Project Deliverables” and “Reports” is also an important source of information on the findings and results from these three projects which are publicly available on the projects’ Web sites. The purpose of this Foreward is to bring to the attention of the interested reader these sources and overview briefly some of the projects’ outcomes. Also, a short comparative discussion on selected findings is made, outlining agreements and disagreements between the projects. 相似文献
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本文主要以2019年的高分一号卫星(以下简称GF-1)遥感数据为基础,同时收集了1990年、2000年、2010年的ETM数据用以辅助遥感解译工作,查明了东南亚跨境区境内28×104 km2范围内重大工程分布情况,发现研究区重大工程活动主要为水电(水利)工程、交通工程,还有一些矿山工程活动。查明了重大工程扰动滑坡的最新发育分布状况,发现区内对人居环境构成直接威胁的滑坡多达1373处,其中水电工程诱发625处,交通工程诱发723处,矿山工程诱发22处,口岸工程诱发3处。与地质环境的相关分析表明,区内重大工程扰动滑波多发育在海拔0～3000 m之间,坡度25°以上的人类活动频繁的阳坡,岩性主要为软岩、硬岩及软硬相间的工程地质岩组。 相似文献
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近两年,我单位在苏丹国先后完成Kajbar,Shrerik、Sabloka、Dal、Dagash,Mograt等水利水电大坝的勘查工作,通过6个大坝的详细勘察,我们形成了一整套比较完好的国外施工经验和管理经验。本文就Kajbar大坝施工和其它大坝经验,对国外施工的准备阶段到施工阶段作业步骤做一简单的总结,并提出对国外员工管理的一点心得。 相似文献
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实物期权法在油气勘探开发决策中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在分析传统决策方法,即净现值(NPV)法所存在缺陷的基础上,论述了实物期权法的原理及其适用性.油气勘探开发项目投资大、周期长、风险高,具有典型的期权特征,传统的净现值法由于没有考虑期权的存在而无法评估油气勘探开发项目的真实价值.实例证明实物期权法由于包含了各种期权价值而更适用于油气勘探开发项目的评估,有利于油气勘探开发项目的正确投资决策. 相似文献
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逻辑框架法在政府投资项目后评价中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
后评价对政府投资项目来说是一个很重要的环节，逻辑框架法又是一个卓有成效的后评价方法，拟将用逻辑框架法来对政府投资项目后评价进行探讨，并运用实例进行实证分析。 相似文献
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随着我国加入WTO，我国与世界其他国家的合作与交流将更加紧密，工程项目(尤其是国际工程项目)建设的合作和竞争也将越来越多。就目前来说，我国在工程项目管理水平上与国外的先进水平还有很大差距。对国外工程项目实施的特点与方式、国外工程项目的管理与控制及我国在工程项目管理中存在的不足进行了分析，并对我国工程项目管理的发展提出建议。 相似文献
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