共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
陕北非饱和红土土-水特征曲线试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨非饱和保德组红土基质吸力与干密度、含水率、饱和度和体积含水率之间的关系,采用滤纸法在试验室测试了36组不同含水率和干密度状态的重塑非饱和保德组红土的含水率,分别计算了相应的基质吸力,得到了非饱和保德组红土在不同干密度下的土-水特征曲线。对试验结果进行分析表明:基质吸力与干密度、饱和度及体积含水率的关系在不同的含水率段具有不同的特点;在含水率较低时基质吸力值对干密度、饱和度及体积含水率的变化很敏感,而在含水率较高时基质吸力值对干密度、饱和度及体积含水率的变化不敏感;在相同的干密度下,基质吸力与含水率、饱和度及体积含水率呈非线性关系,随着含水率、饱和度及体积含水率的增加,基质吸力呈现出急剧减小的趋势。 相似文献
2.
《岩土力学》2017,(Z2):217-222
利用改造的非饱和土固结仪对Q_3重塑黄土分别进行了无应力作用的分级增湿试验和控制基质吸力的压缩试验,测试得到了土–水特征曲线和压缩应力–应变曲线,研究了饱和度与基质吸力和含水率与基质吸力之间关系、压缩屈服应力随基质吸力的变化规律和湿陷系数随基质吸力的变化规律。研究结果表明,非饱和重塑黄土的吸力较大时土的强度较大,其压缩变形较小,非饱和重塑黄土的结构屈服压力较大;非饱和土基质吸力一定时,随着压力的增大,湿陷系数呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;同一净压缩应力下非饱和土基质吸力越大,湿陷系数越大,吸力越小,土样的?_s(p=200 k Pa)越小,当?_s(p=200 k Pa)超过约0.1时,?_s(p=200 k Pa)与基质吸力(u_a-u_w)近似呈指数增加。 相似文献
3.
研究了非饱和膨胀土的两个水分迁移参数--水体积变化系数 和渗透系数kw,得出非饱和膨胀土的水分迁移参数 和kw并非恒值,是基质吸力的函数,而基质吸力与含水率密切相关。因此,其参数大小随含水率变化而变化。此外,还明显受到干密度的影响,随干密度的不同而变化。取得了考虑干密度和含水率的水体积变化系数 、渗透系数kw和基质吸力之间的非线性关系,为进一步研究非饱和膨胀土地基水分场变化提供基础资料。 相似文献
4.
非饱和黄土土-水特征曲线与渗透系数Childs & Collis-Geroge模型预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国黄土厚度大,黄土地区地下水位深,降雨量少,黄土多处于非饱和状态,土-水特征曲线是非饱和黄土应力状态、强度及渗透性研究的基础。以陇东高原马兰黄土为试验对象,采用张力计法测定原状土样的土-水特征曲线,采用三种理论模型对试验数据拟合,其中Gardner模型简单、参数少,但Fredlund & Xing模型拟合效果最好。基于已测得的土-水特征曲线,采用Childs & Collis-Geroge预测非饱和渗透系数的模型,计算得到非饱和黄土渗透系数与基质吸力或含水率的关系,发现黄土从饱和到非饱和,其渗透系数急剧降低,黄土非饱和渗透系数与基质吸力或体积含水率的关系均可用指数函数表示。本文对典型黄土土-水特征曲线的研究及渗透性的预测为黄土工程问题,如降雨入渗的边坡稳定性评价、非饱和地基湿陷变形计算等提供理论基础。 相似文献
5.
非饱和红土基质吸力与含水率及密度关系试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
非饱和土中存在的基质吸力对其性质有着十分重要的影响,而基质吸力又与土的含水率之间存在着密切的关系。为了探讨基质吸力与非饱和红土含水率和密度之间的关系,采用滤纸法在试验室进行了基质吸力的量测,得到了不同干密度下非饱和红土的土-水特征曲线,拟合出了该类非饱和红土土-水特征曲线公式。试验结果分析表明：在相同的干密度下,随着含水率的增加,基质吸力呈现出急剧减小的趋势。当含水率 <24 %时,这一变化规律特别明显。对参数 分析发现,在非饱和状态下基质吸力对红土强度的提高是有限的。通过分析不同干密度对基质吸力的影响规律得出,基质吸力在含水率较高时对密度状态的变化不敏感,而在含水率较低时对密度状态的变化比较敏感。 相似文献
6.
非饱和抗剪强度指标c、φ值与含水率w的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
非饱和土力学已经确认了基质吸力与非饱和土的强度指标有关,而基质吸力与含水率有着密切的关系。通过理论和三轴剪切试验分析,探讨了非饱和残积土抗剪强度指标c、φ与含水率ω变化的一般规律;同时结合已经推出的土水特征曲线关系,探讨抗剪强度指标c、φ与基质吸力μ的变化的一般规律。结果表明:随着非饱和土含水率ω增加、基质吸力μ的减小,黏聚力c有减少的趋势,内摩擦角φ变化不大。通过线性回归分析,黏聚力与含水率成半对数线性关系,黏聚力与基质吸力成线性关系。现有的非饱和土实用公式精确性较差,非饱和土抗剪强度指标有待进一步的研究与完善。 相似文献
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非饱和黄土强度参数的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
非饱和土强度理论的研究是非饱和土力学的核心问题。目前公认的非饱和土强度理论是Bishop的单变量理论和Fredlund的双变量理论,二者都引入了基质吸力这一应力参数,只是前者将其归到有效应力中,后者作为独立变量。要得到这两个公式中相关参数需利用控制基质吸力的非饱和土三轴仪或直剪仪测定,控制基质吸力是通过同步增加气压和孔隙水压力保持吸力不变实现的,即所谓的轴平移技术,该项技术一直面临测试周期长的困难和合理性的质疑。鉴于此,本文采用不同含水率的常规三轴CU试验,测定了有效稳态强度参数,得出了吸应力和体积含水率的关系曲线,非饱和强度直接用吸应力函数表达,该强度公式回避了测定基质吸力的问题,便于在工程实际中推广。为了进一步和Bishop及Fredlund的强度公式进行对比,又用张力计测定了同一试样的水土特征曲线,获得了其强度参数。理论上,这3种强度理论对机理的解释不同,但在数学上可以互相转化。从工程应用的角度,基于吸应力的抗剪强度更便于工程应用。 相似文献
9.
冷镜露点技术是一种快速测试非饱和土吸力的间接方法。本文简要介绍了冷镜露点仪的工作原理和试验方法,利用Decagon公司生产的WP4C冷镜露点仪测试非饱和成都黏土压实土样的总吸力,以Van Genuchten模型为基础,结合Origin软件对试验结果进行了曲线拟合,得到成都黏土的SWCC曲线,并给出拟合参数参考值。借助CT-3031型电导率仪测得土样的渗透吸力,由基质吸力等于总吸力减去渗透吸力,间接得到土样的基质吸力-含水率关系曲线。对比滤纸法测试相同土样得到的SWCC曲线,得出相同含水率时冷镜露点技术测得的吸力值低于滤纸法测得的值,和国外文献的相关结论一致,验证了冷镜露点技术测试吸力具有快捷、方便、准确等特点。指出冷镜露点技术在非饱和成都黏土吸力测试应用中是可行的,同时可推广到国内岩土工程相关领域的吸力测试中。 相似文献
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11.
Vegetation contributes to weak soil stabilisation through reinforcement of the soil, dissipation of excess pore pressure and increasing the shear strength by induced matric suction. This paper describes the way vegetation influences soil matric suction, shrinkage and ground settlement in the vadose zone through transpiration. A mathematical model for the rate of root water uptake, including the root growth rate considering ground conditions, type of vegetation and climatic parameters, has been developed. A finite element approach is employed to solve the transient coupled flow-deformation equations. The finite element mesh is built using partially saturated soil elements capable of representing the salient aspects of unsaturated permeability and the soil water characteristic curve. The model formulation is based on the effective stress theory of unsaturated soils. Based on this proposed model, the distribution of the ground matric suction profile adjacent to the tree is numerically analysed. Current field measurements of soil matric suction and moisture content collected from Miram site located in Victoria State, Australia by the authors are compared with the numerical predictions. The results indicate that the proposed root water uptake model incorporated in the numerical analysis can be used for prediction of ground properties influenced by tree roots. 相似文献
12.
In the territory of the Campania region (southern Italy), critical rainfall events periodically trigger dangerous fast slope movements involving ashy and pyroclastic soils originated by the explosive phases of the Mt. Somma-Vesuvius volcano and deposited along the surrounding mountain ranges. In this paper, an integration of engineering-geological and geophysical measurements is presented to characterize unsaturated pyroclastic samples collected in a test area on the Sarno Mountains (Salerno and Avellino provinces, Campania region). The laboratory analyses were aimed at defining both soil water retention and electrical resistivity curves versus water content. From the matching of the experimental data, a direct relationship between electrical resistivity and matric suction is retrieved for the investigated soil horizons typical of an ash-fall pyroclastic succession. The obtained relation turns out to be helpful in characterizing soils up to close saturation, which is a critical condition for the trigger of slope failure. In such a regime, the water content and the matric suction have small variations, while electrical resistivity variations can be appreciated in a larger range of values. For this reason, besides suction measurements on very small soil volumes through classical tensiometers, our analyses suggest the direct monitoring of in situ electrical resistivity values as an effective tool to recognise the hydrological state of larger and more representative soil volumes and to improve early warning of dangerous slope movements. 相似文献
13.
土-水特征曲线（SWCC）在非饱和土力学中扮有重要的角色,是非饱和土力学研究的核心问题。以西北地区黄土中含有的典型硫酸钠盐为变化因素,采用滤纸法测得了兰州黄土及不同含盐量黄土状硫酸钠盐渍土的基质吸力并绘制土-水特征曲线,通过试验测试和理论分析来解释硫酸钠盐分对黄土状硫酸钠盐渍土基质吸力的影响规律,以期为工程实践提供一定的理论依据。结果表明：相同含水率下硫酸钠盐渍土的含盐量越高,基质吸力越大。以非饱和土力学理论和表面物理化学理论为基础,考虑了土中的盐分对基质吸力的毛细部分及吸附部分的影响,得到了土中含盐量与基质吸力关系的半经验公式。利用该公式计算得到不同含盐量硫酸钠盐渍土的土-水特征曲线,计算曲线与试验曲线吻合程度较高,表明该公式可以很好地描述盐渍土中不同含盐量与基质吸力的关系。 相似文献
14.
Landslides are mainly triggered by decrease in the matric suction with deepening the wetting band by rainfall infiltrations. This paper reports rainfall-induced landslides in partially saturated soil slopes through a field study. A comprehensive analysis on Umyeonsan (Mt.) landslides in 2011 was highlighted. The incident involves the collapse of unsaturated soil slopes under extreme-rainfall event. Fundamental studies on the mechanism and the cause of landslides were carried out. A number of technical findings are of interest, including the failure mechanism of a depth of soil and effect of groundwater flow, the downward movement of wetting band and the increase of groundwater level. Based on this, an integrated analysis methodology for a rainfall-induced landslide is proposed in this paper that incorporates the field matric suction for obtaining hydraulic parameters of unsaturated soil. The field matric suction is shown to govern the rate of change in the water infiltration for the landslide analysis with respect to an antecedent rainfall. Special attention was given to a one-dimensional infiltration model to determine the wetting band depth in the absence of the field matric suction. The results indicate that landslide activities were primarily dependent on rainfall infiltration, soil properties, slope geometries, vegetation, and groundwater table positions. The proposed methodology has clearly demonstrated both shallow and deep-seated landslides and shows good agreement with the results of landslide investigations. 相似文献
15.
接触角对非饱和土中基质吸力的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
接触角是研究三相界面的一个基本物理量。非饱和土是典型的三相体,然而在非饱和土力学中对接触角的研究还比较少,目前还停留在假设阶段,通常假设接触角为某一固定值,甚至忽略接触角的影响。实际上接触角是随外界环境的改变而变化的。通过化学方法对砂土表面改性,从而提高砂土的接触角,使砂土由亲水性变为斥水性。在亲水性砂土中加入斥水性砂土以提高砂土的表观接触角,以此为基础制备不同接触角的试样进行吸力测量试验。试验结果表明,接触角对非饱和土中的基质吸力有重要影响,含水率相同时,随着接触角的增大基质吸力是不断减小的,当含水率增大到一定值时,基质吸力不受土体（亲水状态下）接触角的影响。当接触角增大到一定值时,非饱和土体中的基质吸力消失,即非饱和土体中不再存在负的孔隙水压力。 相似文献
16.
以三峡库区黄土坡滑坡临江I号崩滑体的滑带土为研究对象,研究基质吸力对非饱和滑带土的强度与变形等力学性质的影响。利用GDS非饱和反压直剪仪对滑带土进行了不同净法向应力和基质吸力组合下的直剪试验。试验结果表明:相同的基质吸力作用下,滑带土抗剪强度随着净法向应力的增大而增大。当滑带土试样中基质吸力较小时(50kPa),试样剪切过程中的应力-应变曲线,随着净法向应力的增大表现为应变硬化型。之后随着基质吸力的增加,当吸力大于净法向应力时,剪切应力-应变曲线表现为较明显的达到峰值后软化。反之,应力-应变曲线表现为应变硬化型。相同净法向应力下,抗剪强度随着吸力的增大而增大,剪切应力-应变曲线由低法向应力下的达到峰值后软化向高法向应力下的应变硬化转变。剪切过程的轴向位移表现为:当吸力大于净法向应力时,表现为剪胀; 反之,表现为剪缩。滑带土固结排水剪切条件下得到的黏聚力随着基质吸力呈线性增长关系。得到了滑带土的吸力摩擦角b为13.7,有效内摩擦角有较小增长,平均有效内摩擦角15.9。 相似文献
17.
以非饱和土张力计原理为基础,制作了一种新型的基质吸力量测装置,并通过实测过程的不断总结与改进,得到了一种成本低廉、制作简单、操作便利、试验快速和结果可靠的非饱和土基质吸力量测装置,以此装置测定了不同体积含水率、不同压实度和干湿循环后粉土的基质吸力变化规律,得到了不同压实度粉土的土-水特征曲线,并通过Origin软件中的Boltzmann模型进行拟合对比分析,得到了与压实度相关的土-水特征曲线,比较了不同压实度粉土的含水率变化对基质吸力的不同影响特点。试验结果表明,干湿循环对粉土的基质吸力和强度有很大影响。 相似文献
18.
In this paper, the shear strength with respect to the matric suction of unsaturated soils was studied. For this purpose, unsaturated
triaxial testing procedures were applied to the undisturbed residual soil specimens. An apparatus for performing triaxial
tests was designed and constructed. In the tests, matric suction was controlled by using the axis translation technique, and
pore water volume changes were measured by means of a volume change transducer with 10−8 m3 sensitivity. The test results indicated that the matric suction contributes to the shear strength of unsaturated soil specimens,
and this contribution called suction strength varies non-linearly with respect to the matric suction. The logarithmic model
needing to know the air-entry value and the internal friction angle of a soil specimen for prediction of the suction strength
were presented and compared with the test results. It was found that suction strength values predicted from the proposed model
were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
19.
Soil suction constitutes of the matric suction and the osmotic suction. Several studies have been conducted and reported by
researchers that reveal the importance of the matric suction on unsaturated soil properties. However, not many efforts have
been made to develop methodologies that can be employed for measuring osmotic suction of the soil and to understand its influence
on unsaturated soil properties. With this in view, efforts were made to utilize the results of the pressure membrane extractor
(PME) and the dewpoint potentiameter (WP4), which measure matric and total suction of the soil, respectively. Details of the
methodology developed to achieve this are presented in this technical note. 相似文献