共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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LIU Hailing SUN Yan GUO Lingzhi SHU Liangshu YANG Shukang ZHOU Di ZHANG YixiangEarth Science Department Nanjing University Nanjing Open Lab of Geology Palaeoenvironment of Marginal Seas South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Academia Sini Guangzhou 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(4):452-463
The Nansha ultra-crust layer-block is confined by ultra-crustal boundary faults of distinctive features, bordering the Kangtai-Shuangzi-Xiongnan extensional faulted zone on the north, the Baxian-Baram-Yoca-Cuyo nappe faulted zone on the south, the Wan'an-Natuna strike-slip tensional faulted zone on the west and the Mondoro-Panay strike-slip compressive faulted zone on the east. These faults take the top of the Nansha asthenosphere as their common detachmental surface. The Cenozoic dynamic process of the ultra-crust layer-block can be divided into four stages: K2-E21, during which the northern boundary faults extended, this ultra-crust layer-block was separated from the South China-Indosinian continental margin, the Palaeo-South China Sea subducted southwards and the Sibu accretion wedge was formed; E22-E31, during which the Southwest sub-sea basin extended and orogeny was active due to the collision of the Sibu accretion wedge; E32-N11, during which the central sub-sea basin extended, the Miri accretion 相似文献
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郯庐断裂带南段并无巨大平移—来自安徽境内的证据 总被引：26，自引：3，他引：26
本文根据新近1：5万地质填图和构造调查所获资料，依据郯庐断裂带两侧标志地质体（西冷岩组火山岩，宿松岩群和肥东岩群中磷矿层，大别岩群和阚集岩群）的构造型式和错位情况，拉伸线理的性质和动向，以及郯庐断裂带两侧的次级断裂带特征等，都不能判定郯庐断裂带存在巨大左行平移，故认为大别－苏鲁造山带呈弧形展布，基本代表了原始构造方位，郯庐断裂带是多期构造变动形成的负向构造带，综合造就的一种假位错效应。 相似文献
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基于临界滑动场的岩质边坡临界滑动面搜索方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在边坡稳定分析中临界滑动面搜索是关键问题。现行搜索算法包括数学规划法和智能搜索算法,均是以圆弧或圆弧加折线为假定滑动面形式在计算土质边坡基础上发展起来的,基本上不适用于岩质边坡计算。临界滑动场理论以余推力法和最优化理论为基础,采用新的结构面处理方法,可计算出与实际情况基本吻合的最大余推力方向场,能方便追踪出各可能出口点的滑动面,从而找出边坡整体临界滑动面。取一均质土质边坡算例对计算结果可信度进行验证,与强度折减法和Spencer极限平衡法所得计算结果相吻合。另取一露天矿边坡对该方法的实用性进行了验证。 相似文献
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走滑构造是地壳上最重要也是最复杂的构造之一,尽管经历了长期研究历史,但在其某些特征方面还存在着不确定认识。笔者等基于力学和脆性破裂理论以及安德森断层模式,分析了走滑构造的成因类型及相关构造的几何学特点。在总结走滑构造基本特征的基础上,说明了沉积盆地中大型走滑构造是基底先存断层或薄弱面复活形成,局部有新生型的,提出了准摩擦滑动的概念。明确了直扭、压扭和张扭的含义,并将亚简单剪切应用于分析断层活动。细化了各种构造的发育顺序,讨论了不同性质构造的形成条件,强调了构造几何关系与走滑带应力性质的关系。归纳了花状构造形成的构造部位,明确了走滑构造带结构及其主控因素,并用于地表和地下走滑构造的识别。 相似文献
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走滑构造是地壳上最重要也是最复杂的构造之一,尽管经历了长期研究历史,但在其某些特征方面还存在着不确定认识。笔者等基于力学和脆性破裂理论以及安德森断层模式,分析了走滑构造的成因类型及相关构造的几何学特点。在总结走滑构造基本特征的基础上,说明了沉积盆地中大型走滑构造是基底先存断层或薄弱面复活形成,局部有新生型的,提出了准摩擦滑动的概念。明确了直扭、压扭和张扭的含义,并将亚简单剪切应用于分析断层活动。细化了各种构造的发育顺序,讨论了不同性质构造的形成条件,强调了构造几何关系与走滑带应力性质的关系。归纳了花状构造形成的构造部位,明确了走滑构造带结构及其主控因素,并用于地表和地下走滑构造的识别。 相似文献
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Oblique slip and the geometry of normal-fault linkage: mechanics and a case study from the Basin and Range in Oregon 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Map patterns of normal fault linkages near Summer Lake, Oregon, show a systematic relationship between échelon step-sense, oblique-slip sense, and the position of linking faults. Where the step sense is the same as the sense of oblique slip (e.g. left step and left-oblique slip), the faults are linked in the lower part of their relay ramp. Where the step-sense and slip-sense are opposite (e.g. left-step and right-oblique slip), the faults are linked in the upper part of the ramp. A boundary-element code is used to calculate the stress field around échelon normal faults during oblique slip, and the model results reveal a relationship similar to the field observations. If step sense and oblique-slip sense are the same, there is a greater potential for deformation ahead of the tip of the front fault and in the lower part of the ramp. If step sense and oblique-slip sense are opposite, there is a greater potential for deformation ahead of the tip of the rear fault and in the upper part of the ramp. The field-model comparison confirms that oblique slip modifies the mechanical interaction among fault segments and thus influences fault growth and the geometry of fault linkage. 相似文献
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根据野外调查结果,重点阐述了维西-乔后断裂晚第四纪活动特征,并对其与红河断裂之间的关系进行了探讨分析。维西-乔后断裂对晚新生代盆地具有明显的控制作用,右旋走滑特征明显,沿线山脊和河流表现为同步右旋位错。德胜和长邑南探槽揭示其断错了晚更新世晚期-全新世堆积。岩曲-石岩村一带Ⅱ级河流阶地和后缘洪积扇上发育长约3 km、高2.5 m左右的断层陡坎。根据洪积扇、冲沟和河流阶地位错量估算,该断裂晚更新世晚期以来右旋水平滑动速率为1.8~2.4 mm/a,垂直滑动速率为0.30~0.35 mm/a。它南与红河断裂相连,北与金沙江断裂相接,新生代以来具有与红河断裂和金沙江断裂相似的运动学特征、相同的地质演化历史和构造变形机制,是红河活动断裂的北延部分。维西-乔后断裂与红河、金沙江以及德钦-中甸-大具等断裂一起,共同构成了川滇活动块体的西部边界。 相似文献
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Late-Quaternary Slip Rate and Seismic Activity of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone in Southwest China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The Xianshuihe fault zone is a seismo-genetic fault zone of left-lateral slip in Southwest China. Since 1725, a total of 59 Ms ≥ 5.0 earthquakes have occurred along this fault zone, including 18 Ms 6.0–6.9 and eight Ms ≥ 7.0 earthquakes. The seismic risk of the Xianshuihe fault zone is a large and realistic threat to the western Sichuan economic corridor. Based on previous studies, we carried out field geological survey and remote sensing interpretation in the fault zone. In addition, geophysical surveys, trenching and age-dating were conducted in the key parts to better understand the geometry, spatial distribution and activity of the fault zone. We infer to divide the fault zone into two parts: the northwest part and the southeast part, with total eight segments. Their Late Quaternary slip rates vary in a range of 11.5 mm/a –(3±1) mm/a. The seismic activities of the Xianshuihe fault zone are frequent and strong, periodical, and reoccurred. Combining the spatial and temporal distribution of the historical earthquakes, the seismic hazard of the Xianshuihe fault zone has been predicted by using the relationship between magnitude and frequency of earthquakes caused by different fault segments. The prediction results show that the segment between Daofu and Qianning has a possibility of Ms ≥ 7.0 earthquakes, while the segment between Shimian and Luding is likely to have earthquakes of about Ms 7.0. It is suggested to establish a GPS or In SAR-based real-time monitoring network of surface displacement to cover the Xianshuihe fault zone, and an early warning system of earthquakes and post seismic geohazards to cover the major residential areas. 相似文献
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传统方法在选取潜在滑裂面关键点时,未综合考量剪切滑裂点、受拉滑裂点对搜索过程的影响程度,导致搜索过程易陷入局部最优,从而丢失其他同等级搜索数据。针对这一问题,本研究设计了基于GA-Sarma算法的边坡最不利滑裂面搜索方法。该方法通过计算边坡稳定性系数的实际值提取边坡潜在滑裂面,然后根据剪切滑裂点、受拉滑裂点的特性,选取潜在滑裂面关键点。进而,基于GA-Sarma算法建立目标函数和适应度函数,在考虑变异的前提下搜索边坡的最不利滑裂面。实验测试区域中包含3处最不利滑裂面、5处刚刚形成且危险程度偏低的滑裂面、14处潜在滑裂面。测试结果表明：在20轮测试中,本文方法与两组传统方法搜索到的最不利滑裂面个数平均值分别为3处、1.4处以及0.8处,从而验证了GA-Sarma算法强化了边坡最不利滑裂面搜索效果。该方法可为边坡支护、加固及改造等地质工作提供更加可靠的技术支持。 相似文献
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Experimental analysis and modelling of shallow landslides 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
The paper presents the results of some experimental tests reproducing the triggering mechanism of a special kind of shallow
landslides induced by rainfalls (soil slip) in a physical 1-g model. The experimental data have been employed to verify the
capability of a simplified stability model to describe the phenomenon and to back-analyse its occurrence in a case history
(Pizzo d’Alvano, Campania Region 1998). The method enables a direct correlation between the safety factor of a slope and rainfall
intensity, as well as antecedent rainfalls. 相似文献
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在高分辨率Ikonos卫星影像（1m分辨率）分析基础上,结合野外考察和定量测量,详细研究了阿尔金断裂带西段康西瓦段三十里营房地区晚第四纪以来的变形特征,在三十里营房东侧塔尔萨依吉勒尕河下游地区,断裂切割了一系列发育完好的冲积扇和阶地。6级不同阶地陡坎和邻近冲积扇面上冲沟的左旋位错量分别为251±4m,250±5m,198±4m,22±2m,12±1m和约6m。T2表面的放弃年龄约10.9±0.2ka（10Be）所限定的位错量22200m,得到左旋滑移速率为218mm/a;而T4阶地的最大累积位错可能达500m,暗示的左旋滑移速率约45mm/a。最近一次大地震造成的最新地貌左旋水平位错量约6m,该地震同震地表破裂带沿喀拉喀什河谷延伸长达100km,估算为Mw7.4地震,约12m的位错量可能是公元9751020年（AMS14C）以来最近两次大地震的累积同震地表位错,约6m的特征滑移量暗示该地段发生类似约Mw7.4地震的复发周期约370500 a。这些结果表明,在青藏高原北缘,阿尔金断裂带西段为大型的左旋走滑断裂,它吸收了印度/欧亚大陆碰撞产生的较大部分应变,并使高原西部物质向东运移。 相似文献
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在分析研究前人资料的基础上,结合野外实际工作和室内研究,从三峡九湾溪断裂带内各段断层泥的特征研究分析出发,探讨了九湾溪断裂带的分段性,结果发现:九湾溪断裂带存在明显的分段性,中段和南段地震活动频度和强度大,应变强度高,断层活动以粘滑为主,其分维值在2.2～2.6之间,石英碎砾表面发育各种撞击揳入现象、线状擦痕等显微构造;北段地震活动频度和强度较小,应变强度弱,断层活动以稳滑为主,兼具粘滑,其分维值在2.4～2.8之间,石英颗粒多为磨圆球砾,其刻蚀形貌以裂而不破现象为代表;中段是九湾溪断裂带最有可能发生诱发地震的地段和我们的重点监测地段。 相似文献
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边坡可靠度分析的一种新的优化求解方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了Low & Tang提出的一种新的可靠度优化求解方法,并将之用于边坡可靠度分析中：该方法适用于任何概率分布的相关变量,不必计算当量正态均值和方差、相关变量独立变换,直接在变量的原始空间内搜索边坡的最小可靠指标和概率临界滑面,可采用任何合适的约束优化方法进行求解,方法清晰简洁。边坡可靠度分析常用的滑面有2个：最小安全系数（变量均值处）对应的确定性临界滑面和最小可靠指标对应的概率临界滑面,但这2个滑面在有些情况下差别较大,Hassan & Wolff提出了一种简化方法可以方便地获得概率临界滑面,但由于方法简单,受到质疑。通过一系列算例分析,优化求解方法得到的概率临界滑面和Hassan & Wolff的简化方法滑面非常接近,显示了简化方法的有效性,值得在工程实践中推广。 相似文献
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为查明文昌B凹陷油气富集差异性的原因,基于断裂展布和形成期次、构造样式组合、构造演化和断层活动的差异等标志,建立了差异伸展- 走滑机制,识别出19洼为伸展- 强走滑、14洼为伸展- 中等走滑、30洼为伸展- 弱走滑。差异伸展- 走滑作用控制了优质烃源岩的展布和供烃方向,控制输导体系类型和运移动力,提供物源通道和改造储层,还控制了圈闭类型和力学性质。进一步深化了走滑增压理论,基于先存断裂形态、伸展应力场右旋演化和应变差异,建立了走滑增压圈闭识别方法,识别出S型增压、右行左阶增压、斜交型增压3种走滑增压构造。研究表明,文昌B凹陷的油气富集受伸展- 走滑构造背景、源- 运时空配置关系所控制,强—中等走滑变形、发育优质中深湖源岩的文昌19洼和14洼是油气富集区。该研究成果成功推动了文昌凹陷近期的多个勘探发现。 相似文献
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We propose an analytical method, namely the SORTAN method, to determine the sense of slip on faults as induced by stresses. This method is useful to infer the sense of motion along faults whose surface cannot be directly accessed, such as faults imaged in the subsurface. Because the SORTAN method is based on the Wallace–Bott hypothesis, we assume that the shear stress vector applied to a given fault is parallel to the slip vector on this fault. The assumptions allow for simplification of the method that in turn implies very short calculation times. A concise formalism is adopted. We introduce the stress ratio ' that accounts for (1) the type of stress regime (i.e., strike-slip, reverse or normal) and (2) the degree of anisotropy of the stress state. The formalism of the SORTAN method permits an easy exploration and imaging of the complete collection of slip motions that may theoretically occur on fault planes. The input parameters are the fault plane orientation, the type and anisotropy of the stress regime, and the azimuth of the horizontal stress axes. 相似文献
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2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级地震是近50年来在我国大陆发生的震级最大、地表破裂最长的地震事件.地震地表破裂带全长426km,宽数米至数百米,总体走向90°～110°,具有明显的破裂分段特征,自西向东由5条次级破裂段组成.各破裂段又由若干更次级左阶或右阶斜列的破裂组成,具有自相似的分形结构特征.地震破裂带以左旋走滑为主,倾滑量很小.宏观震中区位于库赛湖东北93.0°～93.5°E一带的昆仑山南麓断层谷地内.最大地表同震左旋水平位移6.4m,最大垂直位移为4m.地表水平位移沿地震破裂带走向出现6个峰值,各峰值之间存在相对独立的衰减序列,这表明此地震具有多点破裂特征. 相似文献