共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
立井冻土爆破的理论与实践 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
结合冻土爆破破坏特征,从理论上分析探讨了立井冻土掘进掏槽爆破和光面爆破机理及参数设计,再在实验室中进行模型试验研究,然后将试验结果应用于工程实践去验证和完善. 结果表明:立井冻土掘进爆破以浅眼多循环为宜,眼深Lb =1.2～1.4m;直眼掏槽、周边光爆,较为合理的掏槽参数为:槽眼布置圈径%D%=1.0～1.2 m,眼距a=500～700 mm,单位耗药量q=2.2～2.8 kg*m-3;较为合理的光爆参数为:周边眼距E=500～600 mm,光爆层厚度W＝500～700 mm ,炮眼密集系数m＝0.8～1.2,炮眼装药集中度%q%L=120～160 g*m+-1,空气垫层或空气间隙不偶合装药结构. 相似文献
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损伤条件下深部岩体巷道光面爆破参数研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
岩体条件复杂多变,为了提高光面爆破的适应性、改善光面爆破效果,对损伤条件下深部岩体巷道光面爆破参数进行研究。通过对深部岩体巷道光爆层原岩应力场、光面爆破机制和振动损伤特征进行分析,基于爆炸应力波和爆生气体综合作用理论,考虑高原岩应力和岩石损伤影响,提出了损伤条件下深部岩体巷道光面爆破参数确定的计算方法。研究表明, （1）高原岩应力相当于提高了岩石的抗拉强度,不利于炮孔初始裂纹的形成及贯通,宜减小周边眼间距;（2）岩石损伤后,其他条件不变,光面爆破的炮孔间距和抵抗线值可适当加大;（3）高原岩应力和损伤条件下,光面爆破的炮孔间距较小时,容易造成爆后围岩损伤,降低围岩的稳定性能,因此,提高爆破效果的同时应及时加强支护,以确保施工安全和围岩稳定;（4）本文提出的光面爆破参数计算公式,经现场爆破验证效果良好,适用于复杂多变的岩体环境。 相似文献
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起爆时差是超深孔一次成井爆破设计中的一个重要参数,合理设计起爆时差和起爆顺序,能够达到先起爆炮孔为后起爆炮孔创造良好自由面和补偿空间,实现筒状硐室分层、分段爆破的目的,并能降低围岩震动破坏。为合理选取起爆时差,基于超深孔微差爆破破岩机制,从理论上推导了一次成井预裂爆破延期时间,掏槽孔与相邻辅助孔、同分段辅助孔、相邻分段辅助孔的起爆时差等计算公式;同时提出了自下而上预裂爆破、先上下后中间光面爆破等6种一次成井起爆顺序。在华恒矿-650矸石仓,结合施工条件合理确定起爆时差等爆破参数,形成爆破设计方案。爆破过程中实现了分层、分段爆破,获得了良好的硐室成型,验证了形成的超深孔微差爆破技术是成功的,其结果对类似工程的实施具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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在地下厂房岩锚梁爆破施工中,为获得良好的开挖轮廓面和较小的损伤区,常采用光面爆破的开挖方式,但在光面爆破施工中,主爆孔爆破对光爆层岩石造成较大程度的损伤,使岩石的力学参数发生变化,而在爆破设计与施工中未考虑这种损伤效应,结果造成单孔装药量偏大,岩石受到过度破坏,出现超挖或产生大量的爆振裂隙。应用动力有限元程序,建立岩体二维弹塑性模型,对不考虑损伤和考虑损伤的光面爆破过程进行了数值模拟,并比较两种模型最大有效应力随距离的变化关系。研究结果表明,在相同情况下,考虑损伤影响时可适当加大光面爆破的炮孔间距和抵抗线。在现场进行了考虑爆破损伤和未考虑爆破损伤的两组爆破试验,观察爆后效果表明：考虑爆破损伤效应的参数设计爆破效果好、损伤作用小。 相似文献
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基于动力学仿真软件AUTODYN,对椭圆双极线性聚能药柱(EBLSC)进行了数值模拟。采用二维面对称计算方法,花岗岩岩体,空气夹层不耦合装药条件,研究了EBLSC结构及不耦合系数对光面爆破效果的影响,并建立有效体积功模型以评价爆破效果。结果表明,炮孔连线方向和垂直方向上的比冲量相近,偏差＜10%,故总能量沿周向近似均匀分布,但炮孔连线方向产生明显侵彻裂隙,且粉碎圈厚度和腔体扩张程度要小得多,表明该装药结构能够明显提高炸药能量的利用率和爆破效果;随着不耦合系数增大,炮孔连线方向上的损耗体积功先减小后增大,存在最大有效功。利用曲线拟合,得到最优不耦合系数约3.62,与相关文献的试验结果相近。 相似文献
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针对地下深孔爆破采矿过程中常出现的爆破后冲作用严重以及爆破块度不均匀等若干问题,以南方某铅锌矿实际采用的爆破、炸药和岩石参数为基础,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA对矿山拟采用的不同装药量、不同耦合系数的6种装药结构建立了数值计算模型。通过分析爆炸仿真过程中的Von Mises有效应力信息,结合爆破破岩机制及Mises屈服理论,确定了深孔爆破的最佳炮孔装药结构。现场试验表明,优化的装药结构爆破块度均匀且爆破后冲作用得到有效控制,基本上解决了矿山深孔侧向爆破存在的问题,研究结果为深孔爆破的优化设计提供理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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爆破是隧洞施工的主要开挖工艺,本文以辽宁某输水工程为例,对输水工程隧洞施工过程中的爆破施工技术进行分析,采取钻爆法施工,计算了线装药密度、炮孔数目、炮孔间距、炸药单耗、装药量等参数,并对施工关键技术和质量控制方案进行对比,确定应在本隧洞预裂爆破施工中,根据实验和经验公式确定的爆破参数,发现爆破后的隧洞轮廓面较完整,效果比较理想,损失较小。说明选用的爆破参数可行,为以后的类似工程具有指导意义。 相似文献
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运用损伤理论得出了损伤性岩体预裂爆破控制参数－不耦合系数，线装药密度及炮孔间距随损伤因子D变化的规律，并用以优化损伤性岩体的预裂爆破设计参数，为预裂爆破优化设计提供了理论基础。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献