共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文通过某抽水蓄能电站输水隧洞的勘探平洞 PD6 的超挖测绘调查 ,分析了平洞超挖块体的边界条件 ,确定了超挖块体的类型及其特征 ,利用自编计算程序 ,评价了各类型超挖块体的体积及其分布模型。这对于地下洞室超挖的评价方法以及工程建设中地下洞室稳定性评价以及加固处理具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
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讨论了超挖的定义以及不稳定块体体积与超挖的关系 ,总结了计算块体位置和体积的方法可分为随机、确定性和半概率方法三类 ,为今后超挖方面的研究提出了指导方向。重点分析并给出了被三个节理面切割的岩块以及隐含危险岩块的位置计算的确定性方法 ,提出了岩块体积计算简易的近似算法。超挖计算对洞室安全、高效地现场施工具有重要指导意义. 相似文献
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块体理论在高速公路连拱隧道超挖预测中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对金丽温高速公路连拱隧道区的结构面特征进行现场调查,经统计分析得出结构面的特征参数,利用分析出的结构面特征参数值,结合块体理论,对连拱隧道的超挖情况进行预测。首先介绍了块体理论在超挖预测中运用的基本方法,推导了最大块体体积的计算公式,通过编制的计算程序对金丽温高速公路2个连拱隧道的超挖块体大小及位置进行预测。从分析的结果看,超挖问题产生部位主要集中在中导洞与隧道的连接部位,预测的结果与实际情况基本一致。通过预测得出的结果证实了块体理论在高速公路连拱隧道超挖预测中的适用性。 相似文献
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某水电站地下洞室随机块体稳定性评价及系统锚固设计 总被引：19，自引：6，他引：13
地下洞室中的随机块体是指由岩体中的随机节理或者基体裂隙构成的不确定性块体 ,在已建的地下厂房中 ,这类块体大量存在 ,这类块体的稳定性会对洞室的施工安全造成较大的影响。在设计中这类块体常常是通过系统锚杆进行加固 ,但由于块体位置随机性和几何特征的不确定性 ,使得系统锚杆的长度和间距很难确定。本文以某水电站的地下洞室为研究对象 ,在深入了解地质条件、岩体结构特点的基础上 ,找出可能构成随机节理的分布规律 ,再分析节理与节理、节理和Ⅰ、Ⅱ类确定性结构面可能的组合 ,得到可能的随机块体 ,然后采用块体理论评价其稳定性 ,得到随机块体的几何特征和稳定状况 ,总结出最优的锚杆长度 ,为地下洞室的系统锚杆长度的确定提供了理论依据 相似文献
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以某大型水电站为例,阐明了AutoCAD三维实体模型在地下洞室块体稳定性分析中的应用。首先采用AutoCAD软件建立地下洞室群与周边断裂的三维实体模型,通过沿洞室拱顶和边墙的剖切,即可获得各断裂在洞室拱顶及边墙的确定位置信息,在此基础上进行可能滑动块体的检索,进行了确定性块体稳定性评价,为设计、施工提供依据。 相似文献
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围岩质量及施工方法是影响隧道超欠挖的本质原因,研究围岩质量与超欠挖的关系,对评价和预测超欠挖、判断隧道结构的稳定性具有重要意义。基于工程实测资料及数值试验,研究了跨度对隧道围岩质量的影响,进而建立了基于多因素评价的围岩质量修正指标。根据隧道开挖断面轮廓具有分形特征的特点,计算了鸳鸯会隧道20个典型断面轮廓分形维数,研究了围岩质量与超欠挖的关系,得出围岩质量多因素修正指标与超挖比及断面轮廓分形维数呈线性关系,随着围岩质量多因素修正指标的提高,超挖比和断面轮廓分形维数将降低,并根据复相关原理,建立了三者间的复相关关系,可为隧道围岩质量的正确评价及超欠挖分析提供有益参考。对比不同围岩分级方法与超欠挖的关系表明,基于多因素评价的BQ法在隧道工程中的适用性更好。 相似文献
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大型地下洞室群关键块体地震响应分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于块体理论,针对地下厂房围岩中的关键块体,采用Newmark法进行了地震响应特征和稳定性评价方法的研究,研究表明,三向地震荷载组合作用下,在块体上引起的数值较大、作用时间很短的惯性力是关键块体产生永久位移的根本原因。块体在不同烈度地震荷载作用下其响应特征不只发生量的变化,还有运动规律、模式方面的变化。研究还发现,关键块体地震响应特征与其几何特征存在一定的相关性,并由此建立了大型地下洞室群围岩地震稳定分析的多因素、多指标评判方法。最后考虑结构面的退化效应,研究了块体地震响应特征关于结构面强度参数的敏感性,获得了一些有益的结论。 相似文献
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图像处理技术在隧洞超欠挖评价中的应用是该技术在地质及岩土工程领域的新尝试。通过对野外摄取的隧洞图像进行一系列的处理得到隧洞的基本形状,然后与隧洞的设计形状对比分析,即可得到隧洞在该断面上的超欠挖方量,然后对其他断面采用同样的技术就可评价某一段或整个隧洞的超欠挖数量,这样就从定量的角度解决了以往工程中难以解决的超欠挖评价问题,为工程超欠挖的判断与决策提供合理依据。最后通过一实例对某一隧洞的超欠挖方量进行评价。 相似文献
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V. M. S. R. Murthy Kaushik Dey 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2003,7(3):149-166
Tunnels are required to be constructed for meeting different human needs such as power generation, transportation, underground storage, sewage etc. The predominant method of excavation, world over, is drilling and blasting owing to its capability to meet changing geo-technical conditions. Irrespective of the purpose for which the tunnels are driven, all are plagued by overbreak problems. Tunnels driven for water conveyance in hydroelectric power projects, in particular, need to be excavated with minimum overbreak to minimise cost of permanent concrete lining. Thus, predicting overbreak assumes significant importance to design site-specific blasts for minimizing rock damage. This paper presents a brief review of existing PPV (Peak Particle Velocity) based blast-induced rock damage estimation criteria and attempts to outline the ground vibration threshold levels for overbreak/rock damage in a tunnel driven through compact basalt. Rock damage manifested as overbreak is measured and correlated with the possible threshold levels of PPV. Also, the PPV levels for crack initiation and widening are proposed. The case pertains to a lake tap horizontal tunnel of Koyna Hydro-electric Power Project, India which is a water feeder tunnel for a fully underground hydroelectric power project. The tunnel was driven under a shallow rock cover of average depth ranging from 20 to 25m beneath a fully charged water body. The parting rock is mainly compact basalt. Blasting was carried out in two rounds in a controlled manner, i.e., by limiting the maximum charge per delay based on ground vibration monitoring. Ground vibration generated with free face (in second round) has been modeled and a new ground vibration propagation equation is proposed for tunnel blasting including the effect of an extra free face. The threshold limits of PPV for different degrees of overbreak/rock damage are proposed from extrapolated vibration predictor equation. The actual overbreak in the tunnel, measured using a Planimeter, varied from 2.45 per cent to 17.75 per cent of the finished tunnel area. The predicted overbreak from extrapolated PPV measurements is compared against the measured overbreak to validate the proposed blast-induced rock damage (BIRD) assessment model. The PPV level for overbreak was found to exceed 2050 mm/s in compact basalt. A linear relationship between the overbreak and maximum charge per delay is also established to design a tunnel blast in similar formations. 相似文献
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金丽温高速公路连拱隧道超挖预测及原因分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对金丽温高速公路连拱隧道的地质特征进行现场调查,经分析得出隧道区岩体结构面的特征参数,利用分析出的结构面特征参数值,结合隧道超挖预测中的神经网络理论及结构面网络模拟理论,对连拱隧道的超挖情况进行预测。从分析结果看,超挖问题在连拱隧道的施工过程中不可避免,其产生部位主要集中在中导洞与隧道的连接部位,通过预测得出的结果与现场开挖情况进行对比分析说明,隧道的超挖预测理论预测结果与实际有较好的一致性,文中最后针对隧道的特点,分析了产生超挖的基本原因,为确保隧道开挖过程中减少超挖提供依据。 相似文献
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The Lynx mine, currently inactive, has produced copper and zinc concentrates from massive sulfide deposits on a lease within the rainy, mountainous interior of Vancouver Island. Tailings, used to back-fill a mined-out stope, are being leached by percolating groundwater and the resulting acidic, metal-laden drainage is discharging from the portal of the 8-Level adit. Temporal variations in the flow rate, specific conductance and temperature of the discharge were monitored continuously over a 2-year period while effluent chemistry was sampled weekly. Conductivity was relatively constant throughout most of the year but peaked with the first autumn storm events as accumulated soluble sulfide oxidation products were flushed from the workings. Concentrations of sulfate and most metals were closely correlated with conductivity as were low pH values as stored acidity was released along with dissolved species. Variations in pH controlled the speciation and partitioning of metals between dissolved and particulate phases. 相似文献
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Summary The newly developed light sectioning method has been used to investigate some of the causes and costs of overbreak and underbreak. Investigations at the Aquamilpa Hydroelectric Project in Mexico have shown decreased overbreak and increased underbreak as a result of increased rock quality and decreased explosive energy. A new measure of explosive energy, the perimeter powder factor (PPF), has been defined and shown to be useful in the context of tunnel-wall rock damage. Tentative results indicate that explosive energy (PPF) may be a more important factor in producing underbreak, whereas rock quality may be a greater factor in producing overbreak. A site-specific equation is given for predicting overbreak or underbreak as a function of rock quality and explosive energy, with an evaluation of the cost of underbreak and overbreak. 相似文献
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Mei Jie Zhang Wanzhi Xu Bangshu Zhu Yongxue Wang Bingkun 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(7):5309-5323
For large cross-section tunnel in horizontal layered rock mass, blasting excavation often causes serious overbreak and underbreak. In this study, blasting excavation tests of tunnel upper face were conducted, blast-induced excavation damage and the influence mechanisms of weak beddings and joints were analyzed based on the Panlongshan tunnel. In order to achieve fine excavation, the cut mode of “center holes and four-wedge cutting holes”, the blasthole pattern of “empty holes, long holes, short holes and additional relief holes”, the maximum single-hole charge and the air-deck charge structure were proposed. Compared with the damage characteristics, overbreak and underbreak, and deformations of surrounding rock before and after optimization, the latter was better in tunnel contour formation and surrounding rock stability. The results show that after optimization, the large-area separation of vault rock mass is solved, the step-like overbreak of spandrel rock mass is reduced and the large-size rock block and underbreak are avoided. The maximum linear overbreak of vault, spandrel, and haunch surrounding rock is decreased by 42.3%, 53.7% and 45.1%, respectively. The underbreak at the bottom of the upper face is reduced from ??111.5 to ??16.5 cm. The average overbreak area is decreased by 61.1%. The surrounding rock displacement after optimization finally converges to the smaller value. The arch crown settlement and the horizontal convergence of haunch are reduced by about 21.6% and 18.3%, respectively. Furthermore, from the completion of blasting excavation to the stabilization of surrounding rock, it takes less time by using the optimized blasting scheme.
相似文献16.
节理岩体中地下洞室超挖预测 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
本文着重于岩体中洞室超挖-不稳定楔形体的预测。首先,论述洞室超挖的基本概念、主要原因及评价方法;其次分析和比较目前现有的针对洞室超挖的计算软件及其特征;然后介绍本文作者的计算软件;最后,简单介绍一个计算实例,即从野外地质调查着手,应用数理统计理论评价构成不稳定楔形体的主要地质参数及其模型,推导岩体中洞室超挖预测的一般公式;最后评价构成不稳定楔形体主要地质参数中的主要因素及次要因素,为节理岩体洞室防止超挖及其处理提供依据。 相似文献