共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 578 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
中国的海滩岩研究与进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海滩岩作为海陆交互作用的直接产物之一,对于研究古海平面变化、海岸带演化以及古气候变化等海陆相互作用过程具有重要意义.对我国的海滩岩研究历史与现状进行了分析,对当前的海滩岩研究中存在的一些争议和问题如海滩岩的定义、海滩岩的胶结物及其形成机制、海滩岩的形成时代、研究方法等进行了讨论,并对今后我国海滩岩研究的发展进行了展望. 相似文献
4.
近十年中国海雾研究进展 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
中国沿海和近海是多海雾区.由于海雾发生时能见度低,往往导致人员和财产损失.文中对中国近十几年有关海雾的研究进行了回顾,包括海雾天气气候学研究、海雾数值研究、海雾卫星遥感实时监测技术研究和海雾微物理研究.对一些问题进行了讨论,并对今后海雾研究的发展提出了若干看法. 相似文献
5.
植物硅酸体化学成分的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植物硅酸体化学成分的研究,在植物学和地质学中都有重要意义。前者是为了研究不同化学元素在植物生理、生化中的作用;后者是了解不同植物硅酸体中Ｃ与Ｏ元素的含量,为利用硅酸体进行年代学研究、进行Ｃ与Ｏ同位素及古环境研究提供依据。本文除对硅酸体化学成分的重要意义进行阐述外,并研究了１６个种属植物硅酸体的化学成分,将为硅酸体研究在我国的应用提供有意义的科学依据 相似文献
6.
山东半岛东北部滨浅海地区灾害地质 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过浅地层剖面、岸滩剖面测量、遥感解译等资料,对山东半岛东北部滨浅海地区的主要灾害地质进行了研究。研究表明,研究区域内主要存在埋藏浅层气、埋藏古河道、海岸侵蚀等几种灾害地质,并对各种灾害地质的形态及空间分布特征进行了论述,最后绘制了研究区域内灾害地质因素的平面分布图。 相似文献
7.
海-气相互作用的研究,是近代海洋学家和气象学家研究的重点。中、美热带西太平洋合作调查研究,就是为研究热带海洋与全球大气而进行的。西太平洋热带海区,过去国内外研究甚少,为了充分利用调查资料,我们考虑了热带地区气候特征,即把调查资料近似地看作准同步资料进行分析研究。不难看出,该区终年水温、气温都较高,特别是130—175°E,空气垂直对流旺盛,是台风形成的重要源地,所以,对该区水温、气温及海-气通量进行研究,无论是气象学,还是物理海洋学都是有意义的。 相似文献
8.
应用ＧＩＳ软件ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ进行中国东部第四纪海面变化信息系统的研究,对中国东部第四纪海面变化进行动态模拟、数值分析、趋势预测和应用研究,恢复中国东部陆架区末次冰消期以来古地形变化及岸线变迁过程,进行中国东部第四纪海面变化的各项研究。其结果可用计算机屏幕、图形终端、笔式绘图仪、静电绘图仪和打印机输出 相似文献
9.
以方形立柱作为研究对象,对其在聚焦波作用下的波浪力特性进行研究。研究主要基于计算流体力学数值方法,对聚焦波作用下方形立柱在固定、单自由度纵荡、单自由度垂荡三种运动状态下所受波浪力进行研究。利用phase-inversion逆相位分解方法对其高阶力特性进行分析。首先对聚焦波生成方法、数值计算方法与参数设置进行简要介绍,其次展示了三种运动状态下立柱在聚焦波作用下所受波浪力,并对其进行分析,最后利用phase-inversion逆相位分解方法获得高阶波浪力成分并对其载荷特性进行分析讨论。研究发现逆相位分解方法可以有效分离波浪力高阶成分,不同运动状态下立柱所受波浪力会有显著不同。 相似文献
10.
北黄海盆地某研究区块钻井层序地层及沉积特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用旋回层序地层学的方法,利用钻井、地震、岩心和各种分析资料,对北黄海某研究区块的层序进行了综合分析研究,在中生代上侏罗统—新生代渐新统识别出11个中期基准面旋回,并与相应三级层序对应,从下到上依次命名为层序Ⅰ—层序Ⅺ,从而建立了北黄海某研究区块的高分辨率钻井层序地层格架。在此基础上,通过对北黄海盆地构造发育过程的认识,以及钻井、地震等资料提供的信息,进一步对研究区中新生代地层的沉积特征进行了研究分析,认为研究区主要发育了侏罗系、白垩系两套勘探层系,纵向上主要有三套有利的储盖组合的结论,这对研究区油气分布规律进行研究有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
11.
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota Eugenio A. Aragón-Noriega David Aurioles-Gamboa Richard C. Brusca Roberto Cortés-Altamirano Alfonso Esquivel-Herrera Michel E. Hendrickx Hugo Herrera-Cervantes Miguel Lavín Daniel B. Lluch-Cota Silvio G. Marinone Sofia Ortega-García Alejandro Parés-Sierra Mauricio Ramírez-Rodríguez Richard A. Schwartzlose Arturo P. Sierra-Beltrán 《Progress in Oceanography》2007,73(1):1-26
The Gulf of California is unique because of its geographical location and conformation. It hosts diverse ecosystems and important fisheries that support industry and provide livelihood to coastal settlements. It is also the site of interests and problems, and an intense interaction among managers, producers, and conservationists. In this report, we scrutinize the abiotic (hydrography, climate, ocean circulation, and chemistry) and biotic (phyto- and zooplankton, fish, invertebrates, marine mammals, birds, and turtles) components of the marine ecosystem, and some particular aspects of climate variability, endemisms, harmful algal blooms, oxygen minimum layer, and pollution. We also review the current conditions and conflicts around the main fisheries (shrimp, small and large pelagic fishes, squid, artisanal and sportfishing), the most important human activity in the Gulf of California. We cover some aspects of management and conservation of fisheries, especially the claimed overexploitation of fish resources and the ecosystems, and review proposals for creating networks of marine protected areas. We conclude by identifying main needs for information and research, particularly the integration of data bases, the implementation of models and paleoreconstructions, establishment of monitoring programs, and the evaluation of fishing impacts and management actions. 相似文献
12.
在大气圈、水圈、岩石圈和生物圈等多圈层相互作用下,全球范围内海洋生物多样性中心的地理位置、物种组成结构和优势度都呈动态变化.迄今,海洋生物多样性中心的形成与演变机制在生态、遗传和分子等层面正逐步得到解析.在生态层面,学界涌现出了物种形成中心、物种汇聚中心、物种重叠中心和物种保存中心等重要科学假说,解析了生物多样性分布格... 相似文献
13.
对胶州湾底层水溶解氧、总氮、总磷、溶解无机氮、活性磷酸盐、铁及孔隙水中溶解无机氮、磷酸盐、铁和沉积物粒度、有机碳进行了分析。结果显示除铵氮外,孔隙水浓度明显高于底层水中浓度,其中硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮、活性磷酸盐、铁在孔隙水中的浓度分别为在底层水中浓度的17.8、9.3、12.5、7.7倍,暗示孔隙水中的物质可能向上覆水体扩散。在横向上,底层水及孔隙水中硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮、铵氮、活性磷酸盐都呈东岸高西岸低的分布规律,在西南部出现低值。Fe在底层水及孔隙水中的分布规律为东低西高,然而在沉积物中则与此正好相反。氮、磷、铁主要补给源有河流输入、工业生活污染排放、海洋生物自身分解以及孔隙水的释放。影响氮、磷、铁分布的主要因素为物源、河流输入及水动力条件,同时受到沉积物粒度的制约。相关分析显示,溶解氧、有机碳、铁对水体中磷及氮的分布具有某种制约作用。 相似文献
14.
As the global trade and market for seafood has grown, so have the twin problems of renaming and mislabeling. Resource scarcity, the potential for greater profits, and weak legislation have all encouraged incorrect labeling, the results of which include consumer losses, the subversion of eco-marketing, further degradation of fisheries resources, and even adverse effects on human health. This paper examines the extent and consequences of renaming and mislabeling seafood, the state of current legislation, and the importance of future policies, with particular attention to the US, where 80% of the seafood is imported and more than one-third of all fish are mislabeled. Policy recommendations include governments’ support for a global mandate to label species, country of origin, and catching or production method on all seafood with high penalties for infractions. Chain of custody standards, such as those recently implemented by the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), should also be considered for adoption worldwide. To garner support for this legislation, consumers must become better acquainted and concerned with their seafood and its origins. 相似文献
15.
Flow networks of nine sub-systems consisting of 59 components each of the Sylt-Rømø Bight, German Wadden Sea, were constructed depicting the standing stocks and flows of material and energy within and between the sub-systems. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous were used as currencies for each sub-system, thus resulting in 27 network models, which were analyzed by ecological network analytical protocols. Results show substantial variability in the dynamics of these elements within and between the nine sub-systems, which differ in habitat structure, species diversity and in the standing stocks of their constituent living and non-living components. The relationship between the biodiversity and selected information indices and ratios, derived from ecological network analysis, of individual sub-systems is variable and differ substantially between them. Ecosystem properties such as the structure and magnitude of the recycling of these elements, number of cycles, and total sub-system activity were calculated and discussed, highlighting the differences between and complexity of the flow of C, N and P in a coastal marine ecosystem. The average number of cycles increase from 179 for C, to 16,923 and 20,580 for N and P respectively, while the average amount of recycled material, as measured by the Finn Cycling Index (FCI), increase from 17% for C, to 52% for P and to 61% for N. The number of cycles and the FCI vary considerably between the sub-systems for the different elements. The largest number of cycles of all three elements was observed in the muddy sand flat sub-system, but the highest FCIs were computed for both C (32%) and N (85%) in the Arenicola Flats, and in sparse Zostera noltii sea grass beds for P (67%). Indices reflecting on the growth, organization and resilience of the sub-systems also showed considerable variability between and within the inter-tidal ecosystems in the Bight. Indices such as, for example, the relative ascendency ratios increase on average from C to N to P, whereas others, such as the Average Mutual Information and Flow Diversity indices, were found to be higher in the N models than in the C or P ones. 相似文献
16.
海草床可以为海洋动物提供产卵、索饵、繁育等场所。目前, 海草床面积急剧下降, 其中我国关于虾形草属(Phyllospadix)海草的研究相对较少, 对于虾形草主要繁育载体种子的描述、显微观察和萌发过程方面存在较多空白。本研究以红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)为研究对象, 对其生长环境、种子外部特征、内部结构、萌发过程等进行了定性定量描述。结果表明, 虾形草果实种子对于海洋环境有着外部形态与内部结构的适应性, 外部形态特点包括独特的果序和果实形状, 以及翅状结构和内侧鬃毛, 其中果序呈弯虾形, 平均长度3.4cm, 果实呈马掌形, 直径3~4mm, 内部结构特征包括胚乳占比大、果皮种皮解剖结构复杂等, 具有作为海岸带植被修复工具种的优势。本研究补充了目前对虾形草等海洋沉水植物种子的研究资料, 为虾形草海草种质库保护与海草床修复提供了建议和参考。 相似文献
17.
Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献
18.
The chemistry and mineralogy of the sediments of Lakes Rotoroa and Rotoiti, South Island, New Zealand (41° 51 S, 172° 38 E and 41° 50 S, 172° 50 E respectively) , were studied. In general, the cation exchange properties, element concentrations, and mineral compositions of the sediments show little variation between samples from each lake. However, some nutrient concentrations, notably exchangeable calcium, magnesium, and potassium, and total nitrogen and sulphur, are higher in sediments from weed beds than in sediments underlying deeper water; iron and manganese concentrations tend to show the opposite trend. Concentrations of exchangeable calcium and total nitrogen, sulphur, manganese, and iron generally decrease down the sediment profiles from the sediment/water interface. Differences between lakes, notably higher concentrations of illite and of the elements potassium, aluminium, titanium, and zirconium, and lower concentrations of calcium in the sediments of Lake Rotoiti than in those from Lake Rotoroa, are probably due mainly to the different geological settings rather than to differences in the diagenetic processes operating within the lakes. Mineralogical analyses indicate that the lake sediments are derived mainly from the valleys of the major inflow rivers rather than from the slopes at the sides of each lake. 相似文献
19.
饵料对花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼存活和生长的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用6种饵料分别投喂花尾胡椒鲷15日龄的仔鱼,15d后测定其成活率、全长、体重和捕苗操作后1d的死亡率。结果表明,投喂经自制的乳化鱼肝油强化的卤虫无节幼体或经自制的乳化鱼肝油强化的卤虫无节幼体加轮虫,花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的成活率最高（86％～98％）,生长快,捕苗操作后的死亡率低（0％～2．7％）;投喂轮虫,花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的成活率也较高（86％～88％）,但捕苗操作后的死亡率较高（5．9％～9．1％）,而生长最慢;投喂未经营养强化的卤虫无节幼体,仔稚鱼成活率最低（68％～78％）,捕苗操作后的死亡率最高（48．3％～542％）;投喂桡足类或桡足类加轮虫,成活率较高（78％～90％）,捕苗操作后未发现死亡,但生长较慢。龙尾胡椒鲷15日龄仔鱼在停止投饵的情况下,4d即全部死亡。可以认为,经营养强化的卤虫无节幼体是花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的最佳饵料,桡足类也是花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的优质饵料。 相似文献
20.
本文以46亿年来地球、海洋及生命的形成与演化为主线,简要回顾了生命体由简单到复杂、从低级向高级、从水生到陆生逐级演化的历史进程,以及重大环境变化事件对生物毁灭性灭绝、生物适应与多样性演化的影响,阐明海洋尤其热带海洋在生命诞生、孕育及庇护等过程中所发挥的不可替代作用。同时,分析了热带海洋生物资源多样性中心形成的重要自然环境因素及可能机制。并针对印太交汇区深海极端环境微生物生态系统、浅海典型的海草/藻床、珊瑚礁、生物多样性和热带渔业资源,论述了热带海洋生物多样性资源的保护、发掘与高值开发利用。 相似文献