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通过对位场总水平导数函数性质的研究表明,位场总水平导数不是位函数,因而利用位场总水平导数构造新的边缘识别方法时会出现"奇点",使得计算结果的稳定性下降.对单一边界、双边界、多边界模型重力异常总水平导数和重力异常垂向导数总水平导数极值位置的空间变化规律研究表明,重力异常垂向导数总水平导数和化极磁力异常总水平导数的极值位置相同,与重力异常总水平导数的极值位置空间变化规律相似.利用位场总水平导数极大值位置能够准确识别单一直立边界地质体的边缘位置,但不能准确识别其它任何形体的边缘位置,其识别结果的偏移量大小随地质体的埋深、水平尺寸以及倾斜程度等变化,但能收敛于某一固定值;重力异常垂向导数总水平导数比重力异常总水平导数的峰值更加尖锐、横向识别能力更强,其极大值位置更靠近地质体上顶面边缘位置,但存在"次极大值"的影响. 相似文献
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位场数据归一化总水平导数垂向导数边缘识别方法(英文) 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：9
位场数据边缘识别技术常常用来识别地质体的边缘位置.本文提出了一种新的位场数据边缘识别方法--归一化总水平导数垂向导数,它具有边缘探测和边缘增强两种功能.该方法首先计算位场数据的总水平导数THDR和总水平导数THDR的n阶垂向导数VDRn,并对n阶垂向导数VDRn采用取大于0的阈值技术得到总水平导数峰值PTHDR,该值可以用来进行边缘探测;其次,计算总水平导数峰值PTHDR与总水平导数THDR的比,并用最大值进行归一化得到归一化总水平导数垂向导数,该值可以用来进行边缘增强;最后,通过理论模型和实际资料检验了方法的有效性和可靠性. 相似文献
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本文提出归一化总水平导数法,通过对总水平导数进行空间归一化计算实现了异常体水平位置和深度的估计,此外还推导出基于归一化总水平导数的欧拉反褶积法来估算地下地质体的空间位置,两种方法反演结果的相互验证可有效地提高反演结果的可信度.理论模型试验证明空间归一化总水平导数法和归一化总水平导数欧拉反褶积法均能有效地完成异常体的水平位置和深度的估计,所获得的位置参数与理论值相一致.在利用归一化总水平导数法进行磁异常解释时,对数据进行化磁极计算可得到更加准确的结果.将其应用于实际航磁数据的解释,获得了岩脉的大致分布特征. 相似文献
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本文首先阐明了基于旋转坐标系的频率域正演算法只能适用于相同横纵向空间采样间隔的局限性,并发展了一种新的基于平均导数方法（average-derivative method,简称ADM）的25点有限差分格式来实现声波方程频率域高精度正演.这种基于平均导数方法的算法将声波频率域方程中空间导数项的差分近似表示为正交方向上5个网格点的加权平均形式,能适用于不同的横纵向空间采样间隔,因此能作为四阶声波频率域正演的一种统一格式,具有很好的适用性.通过优化方法求取空间导数项和加速度项的加权优化系数,从而使数值频散达到极小化,每个波长所需要的网格点数在1%的误差范围内仅为2.78个网格点数.本文通过引入完全匹配层（perfectly matched layer,简称PML）吸收边界条件,有效地消除了人工边界反射.数值模拟结果验证了本文25点ADM算法的有效性和准确性. 相似文献
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本文对Wiggins方法提出两点改进,(1)半空间本征函数选为四个特定的指数函数的线性组合。(2)用求系数向量的基础解系的方法处理边界条件。改进后的方法比较合理,而且适用于各种纵向变速介质的地震面波频散和偏导数的计算。 相似文献
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利用单键群分析方法，对1976年唐山和1989年大同地震前多学科前兆异常的时空群集特征进行了研究。对2次地震前兆的单键群构架的信源熵、平均键长和累积滑动频次进行了时空扫描。结果表明，地震前单键群要异常非常明显，并且可以分为5个阶段。1975年6月－1976年6月（第4阶段）异常幅度变化最大。震前1个月（第5阶段）信源熵值进一步下降，平均键长变化维持在第4阶段的水平，累积滑动频次增加。异常的变化阶段可为地震的中短期预报提供判据。最小信源滴的变化经历了一个由外围逐渐向未来地震区迁移的过程，根据这一特点可以追踪和确定地震危险区的范围。 相似文献
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The application of approximate rules, whereby apparent resistivity space sections for two dimensional structures can be composited from spaces derived for elementary features is extended to a complex example drawn from a field survey over a fluorite mineral vein. A quantitative solution for the observed resistivity space is presented and the computational sequence involved in matching the observed space is given in detail. The interpreted results are examined in relation to the known geology, supplemented by the results of excavation, and to model tests conducted using a tank analogue. The example also illustrates how successive compositions can be employed in estimating the form of resistivity space in a relatively complex situation. 相似文献
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V. A. BOGOSLOVSKY E. B. IL'INA E. N. KUZMINA A. A. OGILVY 《Geophysical Prospecting》1983,31(2):351-360
Observations made from space have become almost a standard method of geologic investigation. However, interpretation of space photographs is not always unambiguous. Particularly, the nature and spatial location of various objects photographed from space remain obscure. It is especially difficult to investigate territories where basement rocks are overlain by sedimentary cover. From the example of investigations carried out in the central part of the Russian Platform it is shown how separate lineaments and ovoids reflect the peculiar features of geologic, hydrogeologic and geophysical structure of the region. It has been established that—within the sedimentary cover—they correspond usually to zones of increased fissuredness and are associated with low-amplitude tectonic dislocations. The authors concentrate on the elucidation of the transfer of deep geologic information to the surface. The sedimentary cover is regarded as a communication channel which makes it possible to employ the concepts of information theory for assessing its “transparency”. The contrast due to heterogeneities of the sedimentary cover in space photographs and, consequently, the degree of their manifestation in geologic and physical fields, depends on the water content of the rocks composing the section. Along with hydrogeologic characteristics, geo-electric parameters, such as specific electric resistivity, longitudinal conductivity and transverse resistivity, can serve as criteria of the degree of rock moistening. When the location of lineaments does not coincide with the plane axes of geophysical anomalies, an inclination of the fault plane can be supposed. The angle of inclination is characterized by the deviation of the lineament from the axis of the anomaly. The data resulting from the investigation of selected standard structures were used to develop a classification based on the degree of their expression in hydrodynamic, geoelectric, gravitational, and magnetic fields and depending on the spatial position and peculiarities of geologic arrangement. For geophysical investigations of unknown structures detected by space observations, this classification can be used as the basis for solving inverse problems by the methods of mathematical statistics. 相似文献
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本文介绍第２２太阳活动周峰年期间利用ＵＬＦ波的观测和分析，对磁层近地空间电磁环境的研究，文中列举了这峰年期间地磁脉动的主要成果。有些成果是国际上首次提出和发表的，目前，地磁脉动的观测和研究已经成为监测近地空间电磁环境的重要手段。 相似文献
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根据积分变换方法得出了半空间内部作用简谐水平力时的Gree函数．首先，利用Hankel积分变换方法，直接对频域内的Biot波动方程进行求解，得出Biot波动方程的通解；利用通解和半空间内部作用水平力时边界上的边界条件，以及力作用面上的连续性条件，可以得出上述边值问题的解；对于边值问题在变换域内的解进行相应的逆变换，就可以得出频域内的Gree函数．本文得到的线弹性退化解与文献中的结果吻合．最后，文中给出了两个算例． 相似文献
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本文分析了1987年9月23日日环食期间,我国14个电离层站和1988年3月18日日全食期间两个站的垂测仪和偏振仪记录,并综合50年代以来历次日食电离层效应的观测结果,证实:1.E层和F1层光食效应明显,F2层动力学效应显著;2.f0F2存在日食日值大于、小于或等于控制日值三种典型情况;3.TEC食变曲线有凹陷和不凹陷两种典型情况,甚至出现日食日值大于控制日值的异常现象. 本文对F2层和外电离层的动力学特征作了定性讨论,认为:空间等离子体温度急剧下降和沿场扩散是F2层和外电离层日食效应的最主要因素;而磁赤道上空等离子体的沿场扩散、“喷泉”效应,热层风和全（环）食带方位是影响位于磁赤道异常区各电离层站日食电离层效应的主要因素. 相似文献
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A. C. LIAKOPOULOS Dr. Eng. 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(1):69-110
ABSTRACT The one-dimensional transient downward entry of water in unsaturated soils is investigated theoretically. The mathematical equation describing the infiltration process is derived by combining Darcy's dynamic equation of motion with the continuity and thermodynamic state equations adjusted for the unsaturated flow conditions. The resulting equation together with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions constitues a mathematical initial boundary value problem requiring the solution of a nonlinear partial differential equation of the parabolic type. The volumetric water content is taken as the dependent variable and the time and the position along the vertical direction are taken as the independent variables. The governing equation is of such nature that a solution exists for t > 0 and is uniquely determined if two relationships are defined, together with the specified state of the system, at the initial time t = 0 and at the two boundaries. The two required relations are those of pressure versus permeability and pressure versus volumetric water content. Since the partial differential equation has strong non-linear terms, a discrete solution is obtained by approximating the derivatives with finite-differences at discrete mesh points in the solution domain and integrated for the corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The use of an implicit difference scheme is employed in order to generate a system of simultaneous non-linear equations that has to be solved for each time increment. For n mesh points the two boundary conditions provide two equations and the repetition of the recurrence formula provides n—2 equations, the total being n equations for each time increment. The solution of the system is obtained by matrix inversion and particularly with a back-substitution technique. The FORTRAN statements used for obtaining the solution with an electronic digital computer (IBM 704) are presented together with the input data. Analysis of the errors involved in the numerical solution is made and the stability and convergence of the solution of the approximate difference equation to that of the differential equation is investigated. The method applied is that of making a Fourier series expansion of a whole line of errors and then following the progress of the general term of the series expansion and also the behavior of each constituent harmonic. The errors (forming a continuous function of points in an abstract Banach space) are represented by vectors with the Fourier coefficients constituting a second Banach space. The amplification factor of the difference equation is shown to be always less than unity which guarantees the stability of the employed implicit recurrence scheme. Experiments conducted on a vertical column packed uniformly with very fine sand, show a satisfactory agreement between the theoretically and experimentally obtained values. Many experimental results are shown in an attempt to explain the infiltration phenomenon with emphasis on the shape and movement of the wet front, and the effects of the degree of compaction, initial water content and deaired water on the infiltration rate. 相似文献