共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
地震作用下隔震简支梁桥碰撞反应的振动台试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由地震引发的碰撞是影响桥梁地震反应以及造成桥梁破坏的重要因素。本文对地震作用下隔震简支梁桥的碰撞反应进行了振动台试验。设计制作1个两跨简支的隔震梁桥模型,试验研究了梁间隙、邻梁质量比、隔震支座类型等参数对桥梁碰撞反应的影响。试验结果表明邻梁间隙、邻梁质量比、隔震支座类型等参数对桥梁的碰撞反应有着显著的影响。邻梁间隙越大,碰撞次数越少;邻梁质量比越大,撞击力越大。铅芯橡胶支座比板式橡胶支座耗能能力更强,可以有效降低邻梁之间的撞击力甚至避免碰撞发生。从而为桥梁防碰撞设计提供了可靠的试验依据。 相似文献
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为了准确分析FPS隔震桥梁的纵向地震碰撞反应,针对一典型3跨FPS隔震简支梁桥,建立了考虑FPS双向耦合效应和梁缝处三维碰撞效应的非线性动力计算模型,分析双向地震作用下FPS隔震简支梁桥纵向地震碰撞反应;研究支座半径和摩擦系数对简支梁桥纵向地震碰撞反应的影响规律。研究结果表明:横向地震作用会增大简支梁邻梁间纵向地震碰撞次数和碰撞力,降低墩底纵向剪力;为减小地震碰撞反应,设计时可适当增大支座半径和支座摩擦系数。 相似文献
3.
城市桥梁粘滞阻尼器防地震碰撞分析与参数设计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了粘滞阻尼器防止城市梁桥地震碰撞反应的效果并提出了其参数设计方法。分析了线性粘滞阻尼器与非线性粘滞阻尼器阻尼系数的等效关系。运用随机振动理论与随机等效线性化理论建立了邻联间安装粘滞阻尼器后最大相对位移及墩顶最大位移的计算方法。以控制邻联最大相对位移小于实际间隙为目标,提出了防碰撞粘滞阻尼器参数设计方法。对1座4跨隔震连续梁桥进行了仿真分析,结果表明:粘滞阻尼器能有效抑制邻联的碰撞反应且不会显著增大桥墩的延性需求。在相同阻尼系数的情况下,粘滞阻尼器的速度指数越小,其防碰撞效果越好。利用人工波进行的时程分析结果验证了参数设计方法的可行性。 相似文献
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为研究温度对铅芯橡胶支座(LRB)性能的影响,进行支座拟静力试验。试验表明,在不同温度环境中试件的滞回曲线明显不同,支座的刚度和屈服剪力均随温度的升高而降低;低温时,支座的力学特性变化较大,而当温度大于20℃时,支座的力学特性趋于稳定。以某五层基础隔震建筑为例,编写基础隔震结构非线性时程分析程序NBIS,计算该隔震建筑在考虑温度影响后的地震响应。结果表明,在多遇地震作用下支座恢复力随温度的升高而降低,与罕遇地震下的变化趋势相反;考虑LRB温度影响后,该基础隔震结构的减震系数随环境温度的降低而增大,支座的最大位移随温度升高而增大。 相似文献
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为研究近断层地震动对曲线连续梁桥地震响应及碰撞效应的影响,采用非线性时程分析法,分别研究脉冲效应、上盘效应及方向性效应对某三跨曲线连续梁桥支座位移、桥墩内力及邻梁间碰撞力的影响;通过支座隔震率的对比分析,探究不同类型近断层地震动下地震响应产生差异的原因。研究结果表明:脉冲效应、上盘效应和方向性效应均会增大曲线连续梁桥地震响应,脉冲效应的影响尤为显著;脉冲效应和方向性效应削弱了高阻尼橡胶支座的隔震特性,而上盘效应对桥梁响应的影响仅与上盘地震动自身特性有关;综合来看,脉冲效应对曲线梁碰撞响应影响最明显,上盘效应影响不大。 相似文献
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《华南地震》2018,(4)
基础隔震结构在罕遇地震作用下可以大幅降低上部结构的地震响应,达到保护结构的目的;但在超过罕遇地震的强震作用下,隔震层位移可能超过预留的隔震沟宽度,隔震结构与周边挡土墙碰撞。建立考虑上部结构非线性的隔震结构模型,设防烈度为8度,进行了超过罕遇地震的强震下地震响应分析,结果表明,隔震结构与挡土墙碰撞减小了隔震层位移,但导致上部结构加速度、位移及层剪力明显放大,放大程度随碰撞刚度及地震动强度的增大而增大,随隔震沟宽度的增大而减小;碰撞刚度增大到一定程度后,层间位移的增大对碰撞刚度的增大不再敏感,加速度及上部结构基底剪力系数则未表现出这一趋势;碰撞还导致支座最大面压的增大及最小面压的减小。 相似文献
7.
铅芯橡胶支座(LRB)参数的优化配置是大型LRB基础隔震储罐设计的关键问题。采用Bouc-Wen模型模拟LRB的非线性力学性能,结合Newmark增量法和龙格库塔积分法求解了隔震储罐非线性动力方程,得到了不同类型场地上大型LRB隔震储罐的地震响应特点和设计参数优化配置规律。研究结果表明:支座隔震频率是影响大型隔震储罐减震效果的主要参数。I类场地上最优隔震频率范围为0.5～5rad/s,II类、III类场地上最优隔震频率范围为2～5rad/s,IV类场地上最优隔震频率范围为1.5～3rad/s。支座屈服强度对储罐地震响应的影响取决于场地类型和隔震频率。在II和III类场地上存在最优屈服强度使得基底剪力最小,且最优屈服强度随隔震频率增大而增大。 相似文献
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通过对隔震结构进行非线性动力响应分析,分别研究地震动参数和支座参数对结构地震响应的影响。首先,建立铅芯橡胶支座基础隔震结构的非线性运动方程;然后,以人工合成脉冲型地震动作为输入,运用MATLAB进行编程并求解结构在脉冲型地震动作用下的地震响应;最后,分别研究速度脉冲周期、支座屈服力、屈服后与屈服前的刚度比对隔震支座最大位移和上部结构层间位移的影响。研究结果表明,脉冲周期对结构地震响应影响很大,在进行隔震设计时应使结构自振周期远离脉冲周期;支座刚度比对结构地震响应影响较大,在进行支座选型时应重点关注;支座屈服力对支座位移的影响显著,屈服力越大,支座位移越小。 相似文献
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强震作用下隔震曲线梁桥会产生较大的弹塑性变形,需要采取一定的控制措施以保证其安全性。采用经典的Bouc-Wen模型,建立考虑上部结构偏心的隔震曲线梁桥的非线性动力方程,求解罕遇地震作用下结构的动力响应。针对隔震曲线梁桥罕遇地震作用下产生的较大弹塑性变形,建立隔震曲线梁桥的非线性振动控制方程,将该方程等效线性化后采用序列最优控制算法(SOC)和经典线性最优控制(COC)对桥梁进行振动控制研究。结果表明：在罕遇地震下,隔震曲线梁桥的下部结构与隔震层都已屈服进入塑性阶段,且有少量的残余位移产生;序列最优控制算法和经典线性最优控制都能有效地减小隔震曲线梁桥弹塑性状态下的平动位移与残余位移,并有效抑制曲线桥的扭转效应,其中序列最优控制算法较经典最优控制更能显著削减隔震曲线梁桥的峰值响应。 相似文献
11.
Shehata E. Abdel Raheem 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(4):1705-1724
Post-earthquake damages investigation in past and recent earthquakes has illustrated that the building structures are vulnerable to severe damage and/or collapse during moderate to strong ground motion. Among the possible structural damages, seismic induced pounding has been commonly observed in several earthquakes. A parametric study on buildings pounding response as well as proper seismic hazard mitigation practice for adjacent buildings is carried out. Three categories of recorded earthquake excitation are used for input excitations. The effect of impact is studied using linear and nonlinear contact force model for different separation distances and compared with nominal model without pounding consideration. The severity of the impact depends on the dynamic characteristics of the adjacent buildings in combination with the earthquake characteristics. Pounding produces acceleration and shear forces/stresses at various story levels that are greater than those obtained from the no pounding case, while the peak drift depends on the input excitation characteristics. Also, increasing gap width is likely to be effective when the separation is sufficiently wide to eliminate contact. Furthermore, it is effective to provide a shock absorber device system for the mitigation of impact effects between adjacent buildings with relatively narrow seismic gaps, where the sudden changes of stiffness during poundings can be smoothed. This prevents, to some extent, the acceleration peaks due to impact. The pounding forces exerted on the adjacent buildings can be satisfactorily reduced. 相似文献
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通航渡槽与升船机是过坝的快速通道。通航渡槽具有墩高由高到低连续变化、升船机与相邻高墩区渡槽基本周期差异大的结构特点,属于地震下激烈碰撞易发结构。基于有限元模型,对通航渡槽进行碰撞特征、控制因素以及地震响应影响研究。研究结果表明:渡槽与升船机周期差异大是造成剧烈碰撞的主要因素,且此碰撞有明显的传递效应;具有大位移的高墩在相邻渡槽跨周期差异不大时也会造成剧烈的碰撞,是碰撞的另一主要控制因素;有别于桥梁结构中碰撞通常限制墩的位移,通航渡槽中靠近升船机的剧烈碰撞区域,出现了明显的槽墩位移放大现象;碰撞对支座剪力影响程度远大于墩底剪力、弯矩。 相似文献
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In this study the seismic pounding response of adjacent multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) buildings with bilinear inter-story resistance characteristics is investigated through dimensional analysis. The application of dimensional analysis leads to a condensed presentation of the response, and the remarkable self-similarity property for bilinear MDOF buildings with inelastic collision is uncovered. It is shown that when the response is expressed in the appropriate dimensionless form, response spectra for any intensity of the excitation collapse to a single master curve. The reduced Π set explicitly describes the interaction between the colliding structures. The effect of pounding on the MDOF building's response is illustrated using three well-divided spectral regions(amplifi ed, de-amplifi ed and unaffected regions). Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the effects of the story stiffness of structures, the story stiffness ratio and mass ratio of adjacent buildings, the structural inelastic characteristics and the gap size values. Results show that(i) the infl uence of system stiffness ratio to the lighter and more fl exible building is more signifi cant in the fi rst spectral region, where the maximum response of the building is amplifi ed because of pounding; and(ii) the velocity and pounding force of the heavier and stiffer building is unexpectedly sensitive to the mass ratio of adjacent buildings. 相似文献
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Valuable insights on the problem of seismic pounding have been obtained recently from analytical studies. So far, the proposed analytical models have not been validated experimentally. This paper presents the results of shake table tests of pounding between adjacent three- and eight-storey single-bay steel framed model structures. The pounding response of the frames was measured for various earthquake intensities and initial separations. The experimental results were compared to the predictions resulting from two existing pounding analysis programs. The solution strategy of the first program, SLAM-2, is based on a modal superposition technique. The second program, PC-ANSR, is a non-linear time-step analysis code in which an elastic gap element has been included. Modelling the pounding effect by elastic gap elements in the two programs produced accurate displacement and impact force results. Amplitudes of short acceleration pulses were not well predicted, however, for practical time-step increments. Relative rotations between adjacent floors induced grinding contacts which cannot be captured by uni-axial gap elements. 相似文献
16.
Vincent Crozet Ioannis Politopoulos Mingguan Yang Jean‐Marc Martinez Silvano Erlicher 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(1):219-235
This article deals with sensitivity of the response of pounding buildings with respect to structural and earthquake excitation parameters. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis is carried out by means of Monte Carlo simulations of adjacent single degree of freedom impacting oscillators. This sensitivity analysis, based on Sobol's method, computes sensitivity indexes which provide a consistent measure of the relative importance of parameters such as the dimensionless main excitation frequency, the mass and frequency ratios of the structures, and the coefficient of restitution. Moreover, the influence of nonlinear behavior of the impacting structures is also considered. The consequences of pounding on the structures themselves are analyzed in terms of maximum force and nonlinear demand amplification compared with the case without pounding. As for the influence of pounding on the floor response spectra, the quantity of interest is the maximum impact impulse. The overall conclusions of this analysis are that the frequency ratio is the most important parameter as far as the maximum force and nonlinear demand are concerned. Regarding the maximum impact impulse, the mass and frequency ratios are, in general, the most influential parameters, the mass ratio being predominant for low frequencies of the oscillator of interest. 相似文献
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Many closely located adjacent buildings have suffered from pounding during past earthquakes because they vibrated out of phase.Furthermore,buildings are usually constructed on soil;hence,there are interactions between the buildings and the underlying soil that should also be considered.This paper examines both the interaction between adjacent buildings due to pounding and the interaction between the buildings through the soil as they affect the buildings’ seismic responses.The developed model consists of adjacent shear buildings resting on a discrete soil model and a linear viscoelastic contact force model that connects the buildings during pounding.The seismic responses of adjacent buildings due to ground accelerations are obtained for two conditions:fixed-based(FB) and structure-soil-structure interaction(SSSI).The results indicate that pounding worsens the buildings’ condition because their seismic responses are amplified after pounding.Moreover,the underlying soil negatively impacts the buildings’ seismic responses during pounding because the ratio of their seismic response under SSSI conditions with pounding to those without pounding is greater than that of the FB condition. 相似文献