共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Nan Mi Wenbao Mi Naiping Song 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(12):2174-2193
Limited development ecological zones (LDEZs) are often located in poverty-stricken, ecologically vulnerable areas where ethnic minorities reside. Studies on optimal spatial land-use allocation in LDEZs can promote economic and intensive land use, improve soil quality, facilitate local socioeconomic development, and maintain environmental stability. In this study, we optimized spatial land-use allocations in an LDEZ using the geographic information system (GIS) and a genetic ant colony algorithm (GACA). The multi-objective function considers economic benefits and ecological green equivalents, and improves soil erosion. We developed the GACA by integrating a genetic algorithm (GA) with an ant colony algorithm (ACA). This avoids a large number of redundant iterations and the low efficiency of the GA, and the slow convergence speed of the ACA. The study area is located in Pengyang County, Ningxia, China, which is a typical LDEZ. The land-use data were interpreted from remote sensing (RS) images and GIS. We determined the optimal spatial land-use allocations in the LDEZ using the GACA in the GIS environment. We compared the original and optimal spatial schemes in terms of economic benefits, ecological green equivalents, and soil erosion. The results of the GACA were superior to the original allocation, the ACA, and the multi-objective genetic algorithm, in terms of the optimum, time, and robust performance indexes. We also present some suggestions for the reasonable development and protection of LDEZs. 相似文献
2.
Jingwei Hou Xingang Fan Rentao Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(12):2462-2485
The optimal spatial allocation of irrigation water under uncertainty has become a serious concern because of irrigation water shortage and uncertain factors that affect irrigation water allocation. In this study, an optimal multi-objective model for irrigation water allocation under uncertainty is developed to maximise the economic benefit of crops and minimise the operation cost and water deficit of crop irrigation. The original and optimal plantation structure, irrigation mode and soil water content are acquired through geospatial technology. A bilayer nested optimisation (BLNO) algorithm is designed to produce multiple individuals of design vectors using an ant colony neural network algorithm for an outer optimisation. Meanwhile, a continuous adaptive ant colony (CAAC) algorithm is used for inner optimisation to calculate the interval values of the uncertain model. The crop distribution and irrigation mode are obtained to parameterise the planting area and the water demand of each crop and each block in the multi-objective model. This model is then solved and analysed. Compared to the optimal schemes obtained from an inexact two-stage fuzzy-stochastic programming and the CAAC, respectively, BLNO can effectively and efficiently solve the optimal spatial allocation of irrigation water under uncertainty. This method can spatially maximise the economic benefit of crops and minimise the operation cost and water deficit of crop irrigation using lower and upper bound maps whilst visually obtaining the exact crop type, reasonable irrigation method and precise water demand for each block and for the entire irrigated area. 相似文献
3.
多叉树蚁群算法及在区位选址中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文提出了基于多叉树蚁群算法(ant colony optimization based on multi-way tree) 的区 位选址优化方法。在多目标和大型空间尺度约束条件下,地理区位选址的解决方案组合呈现 海量规模、空间搜索量庞大,难以求出理想解。基于多叉树的蚁群算法对地理空间进行多叉树划分,在多叉树的层上构造蚂蚁路径(ant path),让蚂蚁在多叉树的搜索路径上逐步留下信息 素,借助信息素的通讯来间接协作获得理想的候选解。采用该方法用于广州市的地理区位选址,取得良好结果。实验结果表明：采用基于多叉树的蚁群算法,改善了蚂蚁在空间搜索能 力,适合求解大规模空间下的区位选址问题。 相似文献
4.
Lina Yang Xu Sun Jing Shao Tianhe Chi 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(8):1470-1489
Land-use allocation is of great importance for rapid urban planning and natural resource management. This article presents an improved artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to solve the spatial optimization problem. The new approach consists of a heuristic information-based pseudorandom initialization (HIPI) method for initial solutions and pseudorandom search strategy based on a long-chain (LC) mechanism for neighborhood searches; together, these methods substantially improve the search efficiency and quality when handling spatial data in large areas. We evaluated the approach via a series of land-use allocation experiments and compared it with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) methods. The experimental results show that the new approach outperforms the current methods in both computing efficiency and optimization quality. 相似文献
5.
采用GIS/RS的方法,以衡阳盆地为研究对象,构建由年降水量,少雨期干旱指数,坡度指数,土壤蓄水能力指数,植被覆盖指数,土地利用指数,水源可获得性指数和人类活动指数8个具体指标组成的基于GIS/RS方法的水资源脆弱性评价指标体系,对衡阳盆地农村水资源脆弱性进行定量评价。结果表明,衡阳盆地农村水资源系统脆弱度的空间分布总体表现为“南北低、中间高”的分布态势,北部的衡阳县、西部的祁东县和中部的衡南县是全区水资源脆弱性最高区域,而南部的常宁、耒阳和东北的衡东县是全区水资源脆弱性低值区。基于GIS/RS的水资源脆弱性评价方法与传统研究方法所得结果具有较好的相似性,但是,相对于传统的评价方法,GIS方法的评价结果更为细致和精确。 相似文献
6.
Jianyi Yang Ruifeng Ding Yuan Zhang Maoqin Cong Fei Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):1534-1551
Traveling salesman problem (TSP) and its quasi problem (Quasi-TSP) are typical problems in path optimization, and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is considered as an effective way to solve TSP. However, when the problems come to high dimensions, the classic algorithm works with low efficiency and accuracy, and usually cannot obtain an ideal solution. To overcome the shortcoming of the classic algorithm, this paper proposes an improved ant colony optimization (I-ACO) algorithm which combines swarm intelligence with local search to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm. Experiments are carried out to verify the availability and analyze the performance of I-ACO algorithm, which cites a Quasi-TSP based on a practical problem in a tourist area. The results illustrate the higher accuracy and efficiency of the I-ACO algorithm to solve Quasi-TSP, comparing with greedy algorithm, simulated annealing, classic ant colony algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm, and prove that the I-ACO algorithm is a positive effective way to tackle Quasi-TSP. 相似文献
7.
基于水利益共享的跨境流域水资源多目标分配研究——以澜沧江-湄公河为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以水利益共享代替分水的理念有利于充分发挥水资源效益和减少区域矛盾冲突,但由于缺乏具体可实施的分配模式一直停留在设想阶段。基于水利益共享理念,建立跨境流域水资源多目标分配指标体系,并结合澜沧江-湄公河流域跨境水资源利用现状及需求,提出澜沧江-湄公河流域跨境水资源多目标分配模型。为基于水利益共享的跨境水资源多目标分配提供了具有充分可操作性的指标体系和分配模型,有助于推进跨境流域水利益共享的实施,实现区域双边或多边在水资源利用上的共赢和发展目标。 相似文献
8.
3S技术在湿地研究中的应用 总被引：23，自引：5，他引：23
湿地具有多种生态功能和经济与社会价值,是人类赖以生存和发展的自然资源宝库与生存环境。湿地研究已受到国际社会的高度重视,成为国际生态学与环境科学研究的热点问题之一。3S技术的发展为湿地研究提供了新的方法和强有力的技术支持。主要论述了3S技术在湿地资源调查、湿地动态变化监测、湿地景观变化分析、湿地制图、湿地资源管理等方面的应用概况;在此基础上概要论述了3S技术在湿地研究应用中存在的主要问题和解决方案;最后论述了3S技术在湿地研究应用中的发展前景。提出应加大3S技术集成的深度,加强3S技术在湿地生物多样性、湿地环境效益、湿地边界确定及湿地资源管理等研究中的应用,把对湿地资源信息的分析和处理提高到研究湿地空间的规划和决策层面上,为管理和合理利用湿地资源指引方向。 相似文献
9.
Xiaoping Liu Xia Li Xun Shi Kangning Huang Yilun Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(7):1325-1343
Optimizing land use allocation is a challenging task, as it involves multiple stakeholders with conflicting objectives. In addition, the solution space of the optimization grows exponentially as the size of the region and the resolution increase. This article presents a new ant colony optimization algorithm by incorporating multiple types of ants for solving complex multiple land use allocation problems. A spatial exchange mechanism is used to deal with competition between different types of land use allocation. This multi-type ant colony optimization optimal multiple land allocation (MACO-MLA) model was successfully applied to a case study in Panyu, Guangdong, China, a large region with an area of 1,454,285 cells. The proposed model took only about 25 minutes to find near-optimal solution in terms of overall suitability, compactness, and cost. Comparison indicates that MACO-MLA can yield better performances than the simulated annealing (SA) and the genetic algorithm (GA) methods. It is found that MACO-MLA has an improvement of the total utility value over SA and GA methods by 4.5% and 1.3%, respectively. The computation time of this proposed model amounts to only 2.6% and 12.3%, respectively, of that of the SA and GA methods. The experiments have demonstrated that the proposed model was an efficient and effective optimization technique for generating optimal land use patterns. 相似文献
10.
11.
Zhixiang Fang Ling Li Jingwei Zhu Qingquan Li Shengwu Xiong 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(10):2020-2044
Pedestrian navigation at night should differ from daytime navigation due to the psychological safety needs of pedestrians. For example, pedestrians may prefer better-illuminated walking environments, shorter travel distances, and greater numbers of pedestrian companions. Route selection at night is therefore a multi-objective optimization problem. However, multi-objective optimization problems are commonly solved by combining multiple objectives into a single weighted-sum objective function. This study extends the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm by modifying several strategies, including the representation of the solutions, the limited neighborhood search, and the Pareto front approximation method. The extended algorithm can be used to generate an optimal route set for pedestrians at night that considers travel distance, the illumination of the walking environment, and the number of pedestrian companions. We compare the proposed algorithm with the well-known Dijkstra shortest-path algorithm and discuss the stability, diversity, and dynamics of the generated solutions. Experiments within a study area confirm the effectiveness of the improved algorithm. This algorithm can also be applied to solving other multi-objective optimization problems. 相似文献
12.
SWAT与MODFLOW模型耦合的接口及框架结构研究及应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目前水文科学研究的热点是采用水文模拟途径,在确定水文变化基准期的基础上,利用流域水文模型还原人类活动影响期间的天然径流量,定量评价气候变化和人类活动对流域水资源变化的影响,得出气候变化及人类活动对流域水循环过程影响的响应规律和机理,其中应用最为广泛的流域水文模型是SWAT模型和MOD-FLOW模型。首先分析将SWAT模型与MODFLOW模型耦合进行地表水与地下水联合模拟的必要性,然后对实现这两种模型耦合中的单元转换等接口问题及框架结构作了重点研究。由于SWAT模型和MODFLOW模型模拟的最小计算单元分别为水文响应单元(HRU)和网格(CELL),使得要实现SWAT模型与MODFLOW模型的耦合必须首先完成HRU与CELL之间的转换,即实现SWAT与MODFLOW模型耦合的接口,因此提出了一种在Arc-SWAT2005环境下实现HRU与CELL转换的方法,给出了SWAT-MODFLOW耦合模型的框架结构,并将该方法应用到浑河与太子河流域,为其进行地表水与地下水联合模拟奠定基础。 相似文献
13.
Xinli Ke Lingyun Qi Chen Zeng 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(4):637-659
Cellular automata (CA) models are used to analyze and simulate the global phenomenon of urban growth. However, these models are characterized by ignoring spatially heterogeneous transition rules and asynchronous evolving rates, which make it difficult to improve urban growth simulations. In this paper, a partitioned and asynchronous cellular automata (PACA) model was developed by implementing the spatial heterogeneity of both transition rules and evolving rates in urban growth simulations. After dividing the study area into several subregions by k-means and knn-cluster algorithms, a C5.0 decision tree algorithm was employed to identify the transition rules in each subregion. The evolving rates for cells in each regularly divided grid were calculated by the rate of changed cells. The proposed PACA model was implemented to simulate urban growth in Wuhan, a large city in central China. The results showed that PACA performed better than traditional CA models in both a cell-to-cell accuracy assessment and a shape dimension accuracy assessment. Figure of merit of PACA is 0.368 in this research, which is significantly higher than that of partitioned CA (0.327) and traditional CA (0.247). As for the shape dimension accuracy, PACA has a fractal dimension of 1.542, which is the closest to that of the actual land use (1.535). However, fractal dimension of traditional CA (1.548) is closer to that of the actual land use than that of partitioned CA (1.285). It indicates that partitioned transition rules play an important role in the cell-to-cell accuracy of CA models, whereas the combination of partitioned transition rules and asynchronous evolving rates results in improved cell-to-cell accuracy and shape dimension accuracy. Thus, implementing partitioned transition rules and asynchronous evolving rates yields better CA model performance in urban growth simulations due to its accordance with actual urban growth processes. 相似文献
14.
针对干旱绿洲农业区水资源利用中存在的问题,采用多目标模型方法建立数学模型,并以张掖绿洲为研究背景,结合经济目标、生态环境目标和社会目标,进行水资源优化利用实例研究。结论表明,采用多目标模型方法研究干旱绿洲农业水资源优化利用可以促进该地区经济、环境和社会的协调发展,以经济发展为主,进一步加强环境的保护,提高生态环境效益在整个国民生产总值中的比例,在发展经济的同时,取得较好的生态环境和社会效益。 相似文献
15.
城市山洪灾害风险评价——以云南省文山县城为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
山洪灾害风险评价对于减灾防灾决策和管理非常重要。本文介绍基于遥感和GIS方法的应用,探讨一种快速、简便而且较为准确的城市山洪灾害风险评价方法。以发生于1998年7月26日文山城20年一遇山洪灾害为实例,将GIS的数字高程模型与实测的山洪水位和洪峰流量结合进行淹没分析,研究表明采用该方法可以模拟准确山洪泛滥范围,并计算淹没水深分布。根据不同水深指标,应用GIS工具完成了山洪灾害危险分区。本研究利用高分辨率遥感影像提供承灾体类型的可靠和准确数据用于易损性分析和期望损失评估的价值计算。根据典型区财产损失的抽样调查,建立了不同承灾体类型与水深的关系,并确定其损失率;应用GIS空间数据处理和分析的集成方法完成了复杂的损失评估。在此基础上,按期望损失程度进行分区划分而完成山洪风险评价。研究结果表明基于GIS和RS方法进行山洪风险评价效果良好,值得推广应用于其他洪水泛滥区。 相似文献
16.
Jonas Schwaab Kalyanmoy Deb Erik Goodman Sven Lautenbach Maarten J. van Strien Adrienne Grêt-Regamey 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(5):907-930
Multi-objective optimization can be used to solve land-use allocation problems involving multiple conflicting objectives. In this paper, we show how genetic algorithms can be improved in order to effectively and efficiently solve multi-objective land-use allocation problems. Our focus lies on improving crossover and mutation operators of the genetic algorithms. We tested a range of different approaches either based on the literature or proposed for the first time. We applied them to a land-use allocation problem in Switzerland including two conflicting objectives: ensuring compact urban development and reducing the loss of agricultural productivity. We compared all approaches by calculating hypervolumes and by analysing the spread of the produced non-dominated fronts. Our results suggest that a combination of different mutation operators, of which at least one includes spatial heuristics, can help to find well-distributed fronts of non-dominated solutions. The tested modified crossover operators did not significantly improve the results. These findings provide a benchmark for multi-objective optimization of land-use allocation problems with promising prospectives for solving complex spatial planning problems. 相似文献
17.
黄河大柳树水利枢纽工程区生态修复绿水资源消耗量定量模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
绿水的确定和有效利用对于干旱半干旱地区水资源配置和生态建设有重要的意义。在绿水概念界定基础上,构建基于生态水文理论的绿水资源消耗量定量模型,并以大柳树水利工程区为研究对象,对工程区20世纪50年代以来绿水资源消耗量进行定量模拟,得到研究区绿水资源消耗量现状时空结构特征,进而得到不同水分供应条件下不同植被类型绿水资源消耗定额,确定生态修复措施下工程区的绿水资源消耗量。结果表明:(1)大柳树水利枢纽工程区绿水资源消耗量受降水影响明显,50年代以来整体上表现出增加到降低的变化趋势;(2)不同植被类型绿水资源消耗量差异明显:林地最大,其次为农用地;(3)大柳树水利枢纽工程区不同水平年绿水资源定额,其中枯水年:林地341.2 mm,灌丛241.1 mm,草地200.8 mm,农用地291.5 mm;丰水年:林地444.4 mm,灌丛306.1 mm,草地271.2 mm,农用地399.9 mm;平水年:林地370.3 mm,灌丛295.3 mm,草地250.6 mm,农用地360.6 mm;(4)根据各水平年不同植被类型绿水资源定额以及工程区生态修复方案,利用面积定额法得到工程区各生态修复措施需水总量及工程区各分区生态... 相似文献
18.
缅甸伊洛瓦底江中游谷地的景观评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
李红旮 《云南地理环境研究》1999,11(1):63-68,T001
缅甸伊洛瓦底江中游保地,是著名的干旱地带,利用遥感和地面观测进行数据采集,通过地理信息系统技术进行数据分析,采用数字化景观分析,经判读和分析,对研究区景观的独特性,结构异质性和动态性进行论述,最后对景观生态建设,提出了规划决策方案,兴修水利,保护和修复森林植被,开发新能源,控制生态资源的消耗,改善耕作制度,提高景观效益。 相似文献
19.
基于多目标遗传算法的土地利用空间结构优化配置 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
针对如何将土地利用数量结构落实到具体的地域空间，以实现土地资源的优化配置的土地利用总体规划编制难点，以及常规的叠加法等土地利用配置方法难以根据土地适宜性评价结果，有效地将土地利用数量结构匹配到具体的土地单元问题，该文利用遗传算法的内在并行机制及其全局优化的特性，提出了基于多目标遗传算法的土地利用空间结构优化配置方法。实例分析表明，该方法具有客观性强、灵活性高、操作简便等优点。 相似文献
20.
干旱半干旱地区水资源缺乏,准确地计算区域生态环境用水和生态环境需水,可以对稀缺水资源进行合理调配,同时起到生态保护的作用。研究过程主要分为两个步骤:(1)采用RS技术,对新疆哈密地区1990年、2000年、2005年中巴资源一号卫星(China Brazil Earth Resources Sat-ellite)数据进行解译,形成1990年、2000年、2005年哈密地区土地覆被图形数据和相应的属性数据,确定相应年份各景观类型的面积;(2)参考有关研究并结合哈密地区实际情况,确定各景观类型的单位生态用水定额和需水定额,进而计算出1990年、2000年、2005年哈密地区的生态用水量,并以2005年哈密地区生态用水量为主要依据计算出保持哈密地区生态环境现状的生态需水量。研究结果表明,为了实现哈密地区生态环境整体保持在现状水平不致恶化、局部区域生态环境(巴里坤湖区)有所改善的生态治理目标,区域内生态环境需水总量为7.526×109m3,这一庞大的需水量将对该地区水资源配置造成巨大的压力;而当结合各类景观的地物空间位置特征进行分析时,发现该区域生态用(需)水量最大的景观(低覆盖草地)可以利用山地积雪融水进行自给,区域内实际需要规划配置的生态环境需水量为2.66×108m3,仅占区域生态环境需水总量的3.53%。在区域生态用(需)水计算过程中应考虑各种景观类型的生态用(需)水量的时空差异性,以保证水资源调配的科学与合理。 相似文献