共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 36 毫秒
1.
MATTHEW LIESCH 《Geographical review》2011,101(4):497-517
Geographers have a long tradition of using photographs to investigate landscape meaning. I conducted photo‐elicitation research with community members residing in and around one of the National Park Service (nps ) “partnership parks” in order to obtain their conceptions of the park. The nps partners with myriad groups in order to manage the park, resulting in mostly privatized amenities at Michigan's Keweenaw National Historical Park. Participants in my study took photographs of landscapes and used them to discuss their conceptions of the park. Building upon recent scholarship on the perceptions of parks and place attachment in parks, the photo‐elicitation revealed a strikingly complex array of understandings. Social class, not whether one lived within or outside the park's boundaries, was the most important variable in categorizing perceptions of the park. These data help us understand how community members conceive of partnership parks and thus may help inform nps decision making. 相似文献
2.
The U.S. National Park Service has embarked on a new campaign to address climate change. This directive includes new programs to encourage visitors to change their behaviors once they return home. By becoming involved in issues that go beyond park boundaries, these changes mark a shift in how the National Park Service fulfills its mission. This article explores how these efforts evolved and the possible implications to the visitors being exposed to a new message. Visitors were surveyed in Denali National Park and Preserve in Alaska. The results revealed that the majority of those surveyed support these new efforts by the National Park Service. 相似文献
3.
论国家公园的公益性、国家主导性和科学性 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
国家公园作为一种严格保护并合理利用自然文化资源的可持续发展理念和举措而在全球得到普遍认可和蓬勃发展。国际上的国家公园因为国情不同而有多种体制模式,但是国家公园的根本特性是共同一致、必须维护的。公益性、国家主导性和科学性这三大特性是国家公园的根本特性,其中公益性是国家公园设立的根本目的,它包括了为公众利益而设、对公众低廉收费、使公众受到教育、让公众积极参与等方面,而国家主导性和科学性则是践行公益性的两大保障,前者要求国家确立、国家管理、国家立法、国家维护和爱国主义教育,后者则要求建立科学的国家公园体系、科学的规划、科学的分区和科学的经营利用等。中国国家公园的建立,面临着国情特殊、现行保护地多头管理、保护利用压力大等问题,应该利用风景名胜区等保护地开展试点,制定统一的中国国家公园标准,采用准入制度,并逐步探索统一的管理体系和法规体系,最终建立统筹管理的、中国特色的国家公园制度。 相似文献
4.
Jane Southworth Harini Nagendra Laura A. Carlson Catherine Tucker 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2004,24(4):303-322
The effectiveness of parks as management regimes is much in debate. This study examines the effect of establishment of the Celaque National Park, Honduras, in 1987, on limiting deforestation through a comparison with the surrounding landscape using remote sensing, GIS and landscape pattern analysis. Pressure on the park region is found to relate spatially to the locations of towns and roads, with increasing deforestation in the landscape surrounding the park. In contrast, the park has been largely successful in maintaining forest cover. Although the extent of change within the park is not pronounced, the pattern of change is. Expansion of agriculture and coffee production have led to increasing pressure on the park boundaries, with as much as 25% of the landscape surrounding the park experiencing land cover change between 1996 and 2000. This has significant implications for the future of the park. 相似文献
5.
Fu Mengdi Tian Junliang Ren Yueheng Li Junsheng Liu Weiwei Zhu Yanpeng 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(12):2069-2084
Journal of Geographical Sciences - Functional zoning is a key step for the integrated planning and scientific management of a national park. Selecting the Three-River-Source National Park (TNP) as... 相似文献
6.
基于SE-DEA的国家公园管理效能评估——-以十个国家公园体制试点为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
国家公园管理效能评估是国家公园建设发展领域的研究要点。本文综合了国家公园监管制度、设施完善、开发利用、环境保护、生态维护各环节投入以及实施效果等产出情况,建立了基于SE-DEA的效能评价模型,确定投入与产出指标,采用德尔菲法对定性指标进行量化处理,利用所建效能评价方法分别对我国十个国家公园体制试点2017年的管理效能进行评估和比较,再根据所得结论查找管理短板,算出改进方向与额度,并给出有针对性的建议。结果显示:(1)神农架(E)、云南香格里拉普达措(D)、湖南南山(G)和祁连山(J)国家公园体制试点在2017年的管理工作中投入过多、实施效果较差,为DEA无效,且有效性E>D>G>J;三江源(A)、东北虎豹(C)、浙江钱江源(F)、福建武夷山(H)、北京长城(I)和大熊猫(B)国家公园体制试点在2017年的管理效果相对较好,为DEA弱有效,且有效性A>C>F>H>I>B。(2)无效的国家公园体制试点需要在管理过程中对控制性指标进行额度调整,使管理效能达到DEA(弱)有效。(3)本文所建指标体系和评价方法可用于评估不同国家公园体制试点在同一时间段内的管理效能,也可用于评估同一国家公园体制试点在不同时期的管理效能,能较好地反映各国家公园体制试点的管理水平,可为形成科学的国家公园管理效能评价指标体系和评价方法提供参考依据。 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACT. The Great Northern Railway vigorously encouraged visitation to Glacier National Park between 1911 and 1930. We reconstruct the railway's promotional imagery of Glacier through an assessment of 796 photographs used by the company to publicize park landscapes and activities. Seven themes in the photographs—Native Americans, scenery, recreation, wildlife, the Wild West, park management, and personalities—reveal a useful portrait of how Glacier National Park was marketed with images of the American West mass distributed for decades by one of the nation's most influential corporations. 相似文献
8.
Ray McPadden 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(12):1321-1330
Federal land management agencies are increasingly relying on collaborative partnerships for managing national trails, heritage areas, scenic rivers, and recreation areas. For agencies such as the National Park Service, these joint approaches are significantly different from traditional management approaches. This article uses a case study of the Juan Bautista De Anza National Historic Trail to identify partnership lessons for this case and other protected areas that rely on public–private partnerships. The research highlights partnership issues with nonprofit capacity and mission alignment, project momentum, and leadership dilemmas. We suggest that agencies such as the National Park Service need to assess the mission and capacity of community and nonprofit groups to determine their partnership approach. This is a significant shift, from agencies simply needing to find organizations willing to partner on collaborative management efforts, to a role in assessing, forming, and developing nonprofit partners. 相似文献
9.
With a comparatively mature state of country park development for China, Hong Kong serves as a model that is emulated by many cities in Mainland China. In contrast, Beijing started to establish country parks relatively late, but along with the nascent “Country Park Loop”, achieving scientific and reasonable operation management is now the major challenge facing Beijing. By comparing the differences between Hong Kong and Beijing country park management in terms of positioning, management organization, legal guarantees, supporting facilities and education, this paper explores the factors of social development stage, urban developmental history and planning, the wilderness concept and financial support which are responsible for those differences. In order to achieve sustainable development, this paper shows that Beijing country parks should seek corresponding solutions according to their own characteristics. 相似文献
10.
Timber removal on publicand private land surrounding Redwood National Park exacerbates naturally high rates of erosion that are common to this region and alters hydrologic processes within the park boundaries. These alterations of the natural environment complicate the efforts of the National Park Service to preserve a remnant of the once extensive coastal redwood ecosystem in the park. A watershed model for Redwood Creek calibrated to pre-logging conditions is employed to define and quantify changes in the hydrologic response of the basin during the years when timber harvesting reduced significantly the acreage of redwoods. Analysis of modeled and observed runoff indicates that timber removal is related to increased runoff during wet months and wet years, but runoff is reduced during dry months and dry years. These alterations in the hydrologic system occur at the least beneficial time because they augment high flows, whereas low flows are depleted. Such changes in runoff contribute to magnified erosion and deposition problems and increased stress for the flora and fauna that reside in and along Redwood Creek. [Key words: Redwood National Park, hydrology, watershed model, timber harvesting.] 相似文献
11.
12.
层级结构识别是推进国家公园群建设的基础工作。然而,已有研究较少关注国家公园群层级结构定量识别。论文结合理论分析与多准则分析方法,提出国家公园群建设层级结构识别的UBAN框架(uniqueness, biodiversity, aesthetic value, naturalness),并以青藏高原国家公园群为例进行实证分析。研究表明,青藏高原国家公园群内部单体之间存在较大差异,长江源的相对重要性最高,海西盐湖最低。层级划分方案对比分析显示,采用“四分法”有助于推进分层管理。据此方案,青藏高原国家公园群的一级单体包括长江源等5个,二级单体包括帕米尔等6个,三级单体包括普达措等4个,四级单体包括贡嘎山等6个,不同层级在青藏高原国家公园群建设中的优先顺序、建设重点和策略不同。研究强调了国家公园群层级识别的必要性,提出并验证了UBAN框架在国家公园群层级结构识别中的可行性,有助于推动国家公园群建设管理策略制定和目标实现。 相似文献
13.
价值溢出能够有效地明确湿地公园建设的增值结构,在衡量湿地公园建设价值的基础上,对于厘清各种要素之间的价值关系和改善湿地公园资源再配置具有重要的现实意义。运用成本-收益分析方法,从生态、经济和社会角度,构建湿地公园价值溢出体系,以太湖国家湿地公园为研究对象,估算出2018年太湖国家湿地公园的价值溢出。研究结果表明,①太湖国家湿地公园建设总成本为3 223.749万元,总收益为67 781.711万元,综合价值溢出为64 557.962万元,湿地公园每公顷投入14.016万元,能获得294.703万元的收益和280.687万元的价值溢出;②在太湖国家湿地公园中,生态层面的成本占总成本的比例最低,为10.19%,但是其收益和价值溢出占各自总值的比例最高,分别为43.10%和44.74%,生态管理、水文调节和生物多样性是影响生态价值溢出的重要因素;③经济层面的成本占总成本的比例最高达56.09%,但是其收益和价值溢出占各自总值的比例则处于较低水平,仅为13.89%和11.78%,其中管理成本和直接经济收益是影响经济价值溢出的关键因素;④社会层面的成本、收益和价值溢出占各自总值的比例都较高,分别为33.72%、43.01%和43.48%,广告宣传费用和娱乐休闲收益是影响湿地公园社会价值溢出的主要因素;⑤湿地公园存在较大的价值溢出,生态环境的改善和社会服务功能的提升增强了价值溢出效应,在经济层面,由于湿地公园可到达性相对较弱和湿地保护的特殊性,限制了经济价值溢出的发展。基于成本收益视角,综合考虑生态、经济和社会效益估算湿地公园价值溢出,提高了湿地公园建设成效研究的综合性和可操作性,以期为湿地公园管理的建设提供理论支持和方法借鉴。 相似文献
14.
Rachel Slater 《The Geographical journal》2002,168(2):116-129
This paper examines rural livelihoods and the prospects for participatory conservation through a case study of Qwaqwa National Park (QNP) in South Africa. The park was established in 1992 in the context of South Africa's transition to democracy, growing ecotourism in the country and global movements towards conservation involving and benefiting local people. The paper argues that the protracted conflict between park residents and management led to new patterns of livelihood activities and household formation, and resulted in material and social differentiation amongst park households. The goals of park management, with a commitment to nature conservation and ecotourism, were at odds with the livelihood practices of park residents. Conflicts arose over stocking levels, overgrazing, wood-cutting and deforestation and over the use of other natural resources, including water and medicinal plants. The park was the site of a Rand Water project that employed many residents. Residents found themselves between a rock and a hard place as they resisted attempts by the management to reduce stocking levels and yet relied on management to gain access to sources of paid employment. 相似文献
15.
世界著名高科技园区的营运和发展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
高科技园区是一种新的产业空间。本文以硅谷、新竹、新加坡等著名高科技园区为例，探讨了高科技园区营运和发展的特点，包括管理模式、土地开发机制、招商机制、发展路径、产业群的特点以及高科技园区工业化和城市化之间的相互关系。 相似文献
16.
中国国家公园的旅游发展 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
与其他国家的国家公园相比,中国的国家公园体系在部门管理体制下逐渐演变为7种类型:国家自然保护区、国家森林公园、国家地质公园、国家湿地公园、国家矿山公园、国家重点风景名胜区和国家水利风景区。在现状分析的基础上,通过各类国家公园知名度的比较,探讨不同类型国家公园的旅游价值,采用18等分法评价了中国31个省(市、区)国家公园的旅游竞争力,并对国家公园旅游的深化发展提出建议。 相似文献
17.
以肇庆城区宋城墙遗址公园为例,运用中观层面的维度划分方法对遗址公园进行规划设计研究.研究表明:中观层面的维度划分的运用不仅可以展示遗址的实体和历史信息,而且更能凸现遗址的文化价值和文化重大成就,强调文化生态系统的动态平衡,使遗址公园的存在与发展适应城市建设发展的需要,促进旅游的发展.该研究为城市遗址的保护与展示提供了一个新的平台,将遗址的保护、展示与开发有机结合,以实现遗址及其文化价值的可持续发展. 相似文献
18.
19.
《Urban geography》2013,34(5):411-450
Kyoto is well known as a historical city in Japan long associated with culture, shrines, temples, and craft industries, and more recently with high technology and innovation. It is also the only Japanese city to boast a privately operated research park in its central district. Thanks to local businesses initiatives, the Kyoto Research Park (KRP) is home to a new generation of high-tech ventures, with nearly half of its 240 tenant companies coming from the new media and information technology sectors. In this article, I trace the history of the KRP and set it against recent programs of the national government to enhance Japan's regional and local innovation systems. The distinctive entrepreneurial milieu in Kyoto is also assessed, together with the programs of the Kyoto city government, local universities, and high-tech enterprises. Information was collected through field research conducted in 2005. The effectiveness of the Kyoto Research Park is judged through it ability to form linkages with sources of innovation at the local, national, and international levels, hence the results illustrate the utility of the "local buzz/global pipeline" approach to knowledge creation and innovation within regional clusters. However, in the case of the KRP, this approach has to be placed within broader policy changes in Japan, leading to new approaches to local economic development. 相似文献
20.
三江源国家公园生态系统服务时空变化及权衡-协同关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文基于“当量因子法”、空间自相关及相关系数等方法,定量分析了1990—2015年三江源国家公园生态系统服务的时空变化及生态系统服务间的权衡与协同关系。结果表明：① 1990—2015年,三江源国家公园生态系统服务价值呈不断上升趋势,从研究初期的542.37亿元增加至研究末期的834.70亿元,增长292.33亿元,增幅53.90%,每一阶段平均增长率为9.01%;长江源园区与黄河源园区生态系统服务价值占比情况与三江源国家公园整体情况一致,水域的生态系统服务价值最高,其次为草地、湿地,其中草地与水域提供了各园区90%以上的生态服务;澜沧江源园区的生态系统服务占比则为草地（70.58%）、湿地（23.58%）、水域（3.38%）。② 空间上,长江源园区及澜沧江源园区的生态系统服务价值呈东南高西北低的特征;黄河源园区则呈现西高东低特征。③ 相关分析表明,协同关系是三江源国家公园生态系统服务之间的主导关系,但各生态系统服务之间的相关程度各异。④ 数量方面,4类典型生态服务之间的权衡与协同关系的Moran′s I指数与相关性系数表现一致;空间分析方面,生态系统服务之间权衡与协同关系的异质性显著。 相似文献