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秦岭金矿区植被景观异常遥感影像特征及影响植物反射光谱… 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文主要简介秦岭金矿区一些与金矿化蚀变有关的植被景观异常及其遥感影像特征，并结合已知的生物学和植物反射光谱研究成果，对一些植物地球化学异常及有关的植物反射光谱异常的成因进行了初步分析。 相似文献
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应用遥感信息优选海南南部金矿远景区的研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
如何快速、经济、准确地获取植被覆盖区的矿化信息,是当今遥感地质研究的一大难题。笔者根据遥感探测生物地球化学异常的理论和技术方法,从多种遥感资料中提取与金矿化有关的构造、蚀变及植被异常信息,成功地优选出海南南部金矿远景区,并进行了验证,为解决这一难题开辟了一条行之有效的新路子。 相似文献
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以滑坡蠕变阶段坡体的蠕变会引起环境条件的改变，进而影响植被生长状况的野外考察客观现实为依据，提出一种间接监测滑坡变化的新方法。利用高分辨率光学遥感技术，对滑坡蠕变阶段遥感影像上坡体上覆植被的异常特征进行判识，建立遥感影像上植被异常与滑坡蠕变的关系，反映滑坡的演化过程，弥补GPS技术、InSAR技术及部分地面监测手段在地势高、地形陡峭、植被茂盛等条件下监测工作的不足，为后续的滑坡预测研究提供帮助。以植被覆盖度较高的新磨村山体高位滑坡为例，首先，对研究区域进行分区；其次，计算各分区的植被覆盖度；最后，利用植被覆盖度分析遥感影像上的植被异常与滑坡蠕变的关系，并根据滑后遥感影像和实地考察情况进行验证。结果显示，2014年—2016年，滑坡的主要物源区、变形体上方细长局部崩滑区和泉眼及冲沟周边的植被覆盖度出现明显的下降，即随着滑坡发生时间的临近，植被受滑坡蠕变的影响变大，植被生长状况变差；而且随着距裸地等滑坡风险较大区域的距离增大，植被受滑坡蠕变的影响变小，植被生长状况变好。这表明，植被异常与滑坡蠕变存在明显的时空相关性，体现了滑坡蠕变阶段遥感影像上植被异常与滑坡蠕变的内在联系，反映了滑坡逐步失稳的演化过程，为进一步预测滑坡的发生提供依据。 相似文献
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为了研究内蒙古东乌旗Pb-Zn-Ag多金属成矿区的找矿远景,在对Landsat7 ETM+数据进行几何纠正、大气校正和去干扰等预处理的基础上,对多波段假彩色合成图像做滤波处理以增强区域构造信息、进行线性构造解译;运用分形几何学原理和计盒维数法求取线性构造分维值,得到线性构造的统计自相似性和分形特征;采用主成分分析和阈值分割法对图像进行铁染、羟基蚀变信息提取;最后根据区内线性构造、遥感蚀变信息、岩体分布特征、区域地球化学异常和已知矿床(点)分布资料综合分析,圈定出3个级别的7个找矿预测区,再次证实了基于遥感图像的线性构造和遥感蚀变异常信息可以作为找矿预测的标志. 相似文献
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高光谱遥感技术在地质领域中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来，高光谱应用技术在地质领域得到了深入的应用与发展，不仅深化了地质学的基础研究，也推动着遥感地质填图从岩
性填图向矿物填图的飞跃，推进了高光谱遥感技术在成矿预测、地质成生环境成因信息探测、植被地化信息与理化信息提取以及矿
山环境调查等应用的不断深入。本文围绕高光谱技术的特点，并结合作者近年来的工作实践，论述了高光谱技术在上述领域的实际
应用情况与应用效果。 相似文献
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本文借助Google Earth Engine(GEE)云平台,以Landsat影像、气温降水和土地利用类型为基础,利用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、偏相关性和多元回归残差分析法,分析了1999—2018年陕北黄土高原植被覆盖时空特征、变化趋势及气候变化与人类活动对于不同土地利用类型的影响,得出以下结论:(1)1999—2018年陕北黄土高原年际FVC呈改善趋势,其平均增速为0.004 9/a(P<0.01),植被覆盖度呈增加趋势的面积占总面积的74.43%;(2)植被覆盖度与降水和气温的偏相关系数具有明显的空间差异,植被生长对降水变化较敏感;(3)气候变化和人类活动的共同作用是植被生长的主要原因,其中气候变化对植被FVC的影响范围为-0.001 0/a~0.003 6/a,而人类活动对植被FVC的影响范围为-0.046 1/a~0.049 0/a;(4)在不同土地利用类型中,气候变化对水体增幅影响最大,对针叶林和阔叶林增幅影响最小,而人类活动变化对人类占用地增幅影响最大,对阔叶林增幅影响最小。 相似文献
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A multi‐phased approach was used to estimate potential impacts of climate change on forests of the eastern United States. Phase I was at community‐level and Phase II examined selected species, both using three 2 x CO2 climate scenarios. Geographic information systems (GIS) and statistical modeling techniques were used to manipulate and analyze climate and vegetation data, and model vegetation responses to climate change. The first two stages of the study indicated possible large‐scale alteration of forest communities by future climate change. Although results varied among climate models, several trends were apparent. In northern states of the study area, ranges of several conifers declined significantly and ranges of oaks and hickories moved northward. In central states, ranges of sugar maple and tulip poplar became much smaller, with concomitant increases in ranges of southern oaks and loblolly pine. In . southern states, American beech declined and ranges of southern oaks increased northward. This paper discusses results of the first two phases and current progress of the third phase. 相似文献
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Studies of the impact of human activity on vegetation dynamics of the Sahelian belt of Africa have been recently re-invigorated by new scientific findings that highlighted the primary role of climate in the drought crises of the 1970s–1980s. Time series of satellite observations revealed a re-greening of the Sahelian belt that indicates no noteworthy human effect on vegetation dynamics at sub continental scale from the 1980s to late 1990s. However, several regional/local crises related to natural resources occurred in the last decades despite the re-greening thus underlying that more detailed studies are needed. In this study we used time-series (1998–2010) of SPOT–VGT NDVI and FEWS–RFE rainfall estimates to analyse vegetation – rainfall correlation and to map areas of local environmental anomalies where significant vegetation variations (increase/decrease) are not fully explained by seasonal changes of rainfall. Some of these anomalous zones (hot spots) were further analysed with higher resolution images Landsat TM/ETM+ to evaluate the reliability of the identified anomalous behaviour and to provide an interpretation of some example hot spots. The frequency distribution of the hot spots among the land cover classes of the GlobCover map shows that increase in vegetation greenness is mainly located in the more humid southern part and close to inland water bodies where it is likely to be related to the expansion/intensification of irrigated agricultural activities. On the contrary, a decrease in vegetation greenness occurs mainly in the northern part (12°–15°N) in correspondence with herbaceous vegetation covers where pastoral and cropping practices are often critical due to low and very unpredictable rainfall. The results of this study show that even if a general positive re-greening due to increased rainfall is evident for the entire Sahel, some local anomalous hot spots exist and can be explained by human factors such as population growth whose level reaches the ecosystem carrying capacity as well as population displacement leading to vegetation recovery. 相似文献
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Debashis Chakraborty Dibyendu Dutta H Chandrasekharan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2001,29(3):115-128
The vegetation dynamics and land use/land cover types of Birantiya Kalan watershed located in the arid tracts of western Rajasthan have been characterized and evaluated using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). The watershed under study falls in the transitional plain of Luni Basin and is characterized by Aravali ranges in the eastern half and vast alluvial plains in the west. The land use/land cover types, as identified are cropland, fallow, forest, land with scrub, land without scrub, sandy area and the water body. Land with scrub occupied maximum area (39% area of the watershed) in 1996 in place of crop land which was dominant (43% of total area) in the year 1988. During eight years period, seasonal fallow land increased significantly and the areal extent of water body decreased to almost half. Vegetation vigour types have been classified into very poor, poor. moderate, good and very good categories. Moderate vigour type reduced from 62 to 27% and poor type increased from 34 to 68% during the period 1988 to 1996. Other vegetation vigour types have not shown any significant changes. To quantify the changes over the years in both vegetation and land use/land cover, weightages have been given to each type and composite values of both vegetation vigour and land use types for 1996 and 1988 have been calculated. It has been observed that the ratio for vegetation vigour has been found to be 0.85 showing that the overall vegetation have not improved after the treatment. The ratio for land use is found to be 1.01, which indicates negligible change in land use. 相似文献
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针对传统评估系统没有统一定量标准,受主观认识影响较大的问题,该文以川西藏区五县为研究区,筛选地形地貌、植被盖度、水土流失、土地覆被、地质灾害、地球化学数据、矿产开采等13种主控因素,借助ArcGIS空间分析和Matlab数学建模功能,构建基于GIS的GA-BP模型(即遗传算法优化BP神经网络),对研究区地质生态环境进行非线性定量评价;采用混合编程实现超大浮点栅格矩阵在不同软件平台间相互传递处理,完成GA-BP评估系统设计;通过回判检验与AHP法结果进行对比分析,凸显GA-BP模型的优越性,为研究矿产开发下非线性的地质生态环境问题提供一种较新颖的、行之有效的方法。 相似文献
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为了追索朝鲜北部惠山-利原成矿带是否延入玄武岩覆盖下的中国长白山地区,采用航空彩色红外像片和经过处理的TM数据,解译惠山-长白县一带的构造、岩性展布和蚀变现象。发现控制惠山-利原成矿带的构造(地层已延入我国长白县,但为玄武岩覆盖。采用TM5/TM7,TM4/TM3,TM3/TM4比值合成图像,压抑了植被干扰,突出了粘土类矿物蚀变岩信息。结合重力、航磁资料分析,推断沿江村-万宝岗及马鹿沟以北一带存在隐伏斑岩体,确定此二处为找矿靶区。通过地面地质验证及物化探普查工作,在沿江村一带,获得了良好的找矿效果,发现了大量辉绿玢岩、低温热液蚀变岩石和铜化探异常,并于马鹿沟以北,圈定出3km2金异常区。 相似文献
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胜利矿区植被覆盖度时序变化的空间异质性监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对胜利矿区的地理位置、气候条件等背景的分析，本文为实现获取时序性植被覆盖度的空间异质性的目的，使用ENVI、GIS、Matlab等软件，基于胜利矿区1985—2017年的Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感数据计算NDVI，利用像元二分模型计算植被覆盖度，得到研究区植被覆盖度均值的时序变化情况。采用转移矩阵法和Sen+Mann-Kendall法对研究区域内不同等级的植被覆盖转移情况及变化趋势情况进行分析。研究表明：胜利矿区植被覆盖度均值波动较大，呈轻微下降趋势。在监测时段内68.36%的高植被覆盖区域植被发生了退化，只有3.2%左右的极低植被覆盖区域得到了良好的改善。此外，研究区植被覆盖度受到结构性因子和随机性因子的影响，空间异质性明显，灌溉区由于人为干涉，植被生长良好，极低植被覆盖面积维持在3%以下，植被覆盖显著下降区域主要集中在露天采坑、排土场等矿业景观区。 相似文献