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玛曲高原区地下水是黄河的重要补给水源,然而其水化学特征及形成机理认识还十分有限。通过采集玛曲潜水、河水和黄河河道沉积物,系统研究了玛曲高原区地下水水化学、同位素特征以及水文地球化学过程。结果表明:河水和潜水的溶解性总固体含量低,分别为72~195 mg/L和207~459 mg/L,水化学成分以Ca2+和HCO3-为主,水样中砷浓度为0.46~17.7μg/L。氢氧同位素结果表明,地下水和河水补给来源为当地大气降水,河水相对潜水富集δ18O和δD。河水水化学组成主要受蒸发浓缩作用的影响,而潜水主要受碳酸盐岩溶解作用的影响。潜水水样SI白云石小于0的占68%,表明潜水中白云石处于不饱和状态。某些潜水砷含量超标的原因可能是沉积物铁锰氧化物矿物的还原性溶解,而砷的来源可能是玛曲河道和浅层松散沉积物中吸附态砷。研究成果有助于揭示黄河上游玛曲段地下水的来源及地下水化学成分的形成机理。 相似文献
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本文针对长江三角洲某地区3个城市(C市、W市、S市)浅层地下水的单环芳烃进行了研究。根据研究区水样分析数据,总结出该地区单环芳烃的污染特点和分布特征,然后从研究区污染源分布、单环芳烃的挥发性、研究区降水以及包气带的防护性能等角度探讨了浅层地下水单环芳烃污染形成的原因。研究表明,该区浅层地下水单环芳烃污染呈点状分布,污染范围不大;浅层地下水单环芳烃污染相对较轻而地表水污染严重。浅层地下水单环芳烃污染特征与研究区工业企业分布、单环芳烃的挥发特性、降水以及研究区包气带防污性能密切相关。浅层地下水单环芳烃污染和工业企业分布具有很好的一致性,有机污染物高浓度的检出点均分布在污染工厂附近,无明显污染源的地段,其浅层地下水水样无有机污染物检出;各检测单环芳烃组分的亨利常数均大于1.01×102Pa·m3·mol-1,所以挥发作用是其主要迁移机理,苯的柱试验表明,苯溶液浓度从1079.0μg/L降低至6.9μg/L仅需26天;研究区包气带为河湖三角洲沉积相的淤泥质粘土,粘粒含量大,粘土矿物含量也很高,富含有机质,其含量大都在1.0%以上,此类土壤具有高的吸附能力,阻滞了污染物向浅层地下水迁移;降雨时浅层地下水中单环芳烃检出率和检出浓度都较高。4种因素综合,使得研究区浅层地下水单环芳烃呈现污染程度轻、分布零散、污染分布范围小的特点。 相似文献
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沈阳地区河水及沿岸地下水中卤代烃的污染特征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
选择沈阳地区主要河流(浑河、蒲河、细河、沈抚灌渠)地表水及其沿岸地下水进行卤代烃的定量分析,研究并探讨了卤代脂肪烃和卤代单环芳烃的污染分布特征。浑河和蒲河河水中卤代烃检出率较低,以二氯甲烷为主,检出率为33.3%。检出率高值区主要在细河和沈抚灌渠,13种卤代烃被检出。在30个站点地表水样品中有6个站点卤代烃个别化合物浓度超过我国生活饮用水卫生标准。在13个监测井中,有1个井水的1,2-二氯乙烷浓度(101.1μg/L)超标。卤代烃污染以细河上游和中游以及沈抚灌渠上游最为突出。在细河上游大于镇和中游彰驿镇河水中卤代烃的含量较高,可能与沿岸化工企业有关。沿岸土壤层中砂层为受污染的河水对浅层地下水的补给提供了条件,造成浅层地下水污染,对当地生态系统和人类健康构成潜在的威胁。 相似文献
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典型岩溶区地下水系统重金属元素分布特征浅析——以广西坡月地下河为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下河为岩溶地下水系统的重要组成部分,为查清典型岩溶区地下水系统中重金属指标的含量变化及空间分布特征,文章以广西坡月地下河系统为例,通过不同断面两次采样分析,重点剖析地下河系统在水文地球化学作用下,地下水中以“五毒”元素及Zn、Al和Mn为代表的重金属元素含量。分析结果表明:坡月地下河水体pH值在7.34～8.10 之间,水体中“五毒”元素、Zn、 Al和Mn的检出含量极低或未检出,质量浓度均远小于国家地下水环境质量标准中的Ⅲ类水质标准,适合各种用途。检出含量较高的点主要为地下河明流段或补给区地表水,含量最高分布在坡心地下河出口水体,其原因是坡心地下河系统区内工矿企业和其它经济活动干扰相对较强,特别是工矿企业的矿石和尾矿渣的露天堆放（如金矿）是引起地下水中重金属元素的检出或超标的重要因素。 相似文献
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干旱内陆盆地高砷含量的地下水威胁着当地饮用水安全，其形成机制尚不完全清楚。为厘清这类高砷地下水的形成机制，本文以河套平原西部地下水为研究对象，分析其中As等部分氧化还原敏感元素含量和氢、氧同位素组成(δD和δ18O)。结果表明，地下水样的As的质量浓度为1.5～155μg/L(均值为36.7μg/L),超半数样品超过10μg/L,主要分布于盆地中部的浅层含水层。水样的氢、氧同位素组成和离子间的相关性分析表明，虽然蒸发浓缩作用导致地下水富集Na+和Cl-,但对As的富集影响不显著；在偏碱性环境中因解吸附作用产生的As进入地下水，对As的富集有一定贡献；负载As的铁氧化物还原性溶解和沉积物中的As(V)还原性解吸附是地下水中As富集的主要原因；强还原环境中，硫酸盐还原作用形成的硫代砷可能会促使As在地下水中高度富集。 相似文献
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近几年多环芳烃(PAHs)在地下水中的检出报道逐渐增多,但关于我国主要水文地质单元地下水中PAHs的研究匮乏。为研究不同水文地质条件地下水中PAHs分布特征,本文在华北平原、珠江三角洲平原及西南岩溶区采集浅层孔隙地下水和岩溶地下水样品共82组,使用气相色谱-质谱仪进行测试,采取统计学方法对比分析各区PAHs的检出率、浓度和组成。结果表明:检测的16种PAHs,每种PAH至少在一个样品中被检出,检出率最高的是(6.10%),检出浓度最大的是萘(5.41μg/L),仅苯并(a)芘超过《地下水水质标准》Ⅲ类水限值,超标率为2.44%。地下水中PAHs以2～4环为主,但三个研究区存在差异,北方孔隙水4环PAHs的相对比例(52.48%)较高;南方孔隙水与西南岩溶水分别是3环(56.60%)、2环(95.66%)PAHs占优。北方孔隙水PAHs主要是燃烧源,南方孔隙水PAHs来源与珠江三角洲产业布局相关,西南岩溶水PAHs则主要受大气降水影响。PAHs在各区检出差异与其理化性质、区域水文地质条件、污染源和气象水文等因素有关。研究结果可为我国地下水PAHs污染监测和地下水相关标准制定提供基础支撑。" 相似文献
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桑沟湾水体中有机磷农药残留组成与分布 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用气相色谱-质谱法定量测定桑沟湾海域水体中有机磷农药残留,分析了其组成与分布特征。2009年4月(春季)和10月(秋季)桑沟湾海域水体中8种有机磷农药的含量测定结果表明:桑沟湾有机磷农药的总浓度水平是春季小于秋季,有机磷农药的总浓度范围为0.001～0.265μg/L,均值为0.061μg/L。该海域水体中共检出6种有机磷农药,马拉硫磷和对硫磷是桑沟湾水体中主要的有机磷农药污染物。有机磷农药分布特征大致呈现春季表层水体中近岸高,离岸低,由湾口向湾内递减,底层水体中在湾口处浓度最高;秋季表层水体中由西北岸、东北湾口向湾中央渐增,底层水体中呈现由湾内向湾口递增的趋势。本研究提供的数据可为了解该海域的有机磷农药污染分布情况提供参考。 相似文献
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某岩溶水源地地下水中有机氯农药的分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
某水源地的岩溶水是北方一大型城市的主要供水水源,为了解该区地下水中有机氯农药的分布情况,采用气相色谱法对某岩溶水源地76组地下水样进行了测试分析。研究结果表明:地下水中检出10种有机氯农药组分,检出率最高的是β-HCH,为11.84%;有机氯农药的检出质量浓度为0.96～63.77ng/L,平均值为13.50ng/L,远小于饮用水水质标准。在丰水期,地下水中检出的有机氯农药组分较多,检出质量浓度总体上是丰水期高于枯水期、补给区高于径流区和排泄区,并且质量浓度会随着地下水位的升高而变大。地下水中的有机氯农药主要来源于早期使用的农药在环境中的残留,γ-HCH则可能来自于开采井附近农药厂排放的污水。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2017,(2):274-285
银川平原是典型的高砷内陆盆地。然而人为活动及沉积物地球化学条件对地下水砷分布的影响并不清楚。本文选取银川平原北部平罗县作为研究区,在不同研究单元共采集119组地下水样品(冲洪积平原、冲湖积平原水田区和冲湖积平原旱田区分别为54组、31组和34组),分析了其主量和微量组分含量。另在水田和旱田分别钻井一眼,采集66组沉积物(水田和旱田单元分别为31组和35组)样品,分析了粒度分布、化学成分、强(S2)、弱(S1)结合态砷等物化指标。结果表明,高砷地下水主要分布在10~20m深度范围内;冲洪积平原地下水中砷浓度普遍较低,平均浓度1.71μg·L~(-1),约95%的样品中砷浓度在10μg·L~(-1)以下;而冲湖积平原水田和旱田砷浓度较高,90%以上超过10μg·L~(-1),平均浓度分别达到26.6μg·L~(-1)和39.6μg·L~(-1)。沉积物总砷含量为3.94~75.2 mg·kg~(-1),平均值为11.5 mg·kg~(-1),S1、S2含量范围分别为<0.01~0.33mg·kg~(-1),<0.01~19.5mg·kg~(-1),分别约占总砷的0.7%和6.2%。沉积物中砷与铁、锰含量呈正相关,其分布受水动力条件及岩性的控制,黏土中砷含量较高。结合相同深度地下水砷浓度,得到S2、S1对应的平均砷分配系数Kd分别为0.001L·g~(-1)和0.007L·g~(-1)。Kd与ORP呈较好的正相关性,表明还原环境利于砷的释放;PO3-4的竞争吸附也能促进沉积物中砷的释放。在冲湖积平原,同深度上沉积物组成相近的含水层中,旱田地下水砷浓度较水田高,表明土地利用方式对砷的分布和运移也有重要影响。 相似文献
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To study arsenic(As) content and distribution patterns as well as the genesis of different kinds of water, especially the different sources of drinking water in Guanzhong Basin, Shaanxi province, China, 139 water samples were collected at 62 sampling points from wells of different depths, from hot springs, and rivers. The As content of these samples was measured by the intermittent flowhydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry method(HG-AFS). The As concentrations in the drinking water in Guanzhong Basin vary greatly(0.00–68.08 μg/L), and the As concentration of groundwater in southern Guanzhong Basin is different from that in the northern Guanzhong Basin. Even within the same location in southern Guanzhong Basin, the As concentrations at different depths vary greatly. As concentration of groundwater from the shallow wells(50 m deep, 0.56–3.87 μg/L) is much lower than from deep wells(110–360 m deep, 19.34–62.91 μg/L), whereas As concentration in water of any depth in northern Guanzhong Basin is 10 μg/L. Southern Guanzhong Basin is a newly discovered high-As groundwater area in China. The high-As groundwater is mainly distributed in areas between the Qinling Mountains and Weihe River; it has only been found at depths ranging from 110 to 360 m in confined aquifers, which store water in the Lishi and Wucheng Loess(Lower and Middle Pleistocene) in the southern Guanzhong Basin. As concentration of hot spring water is 6.47–11.94 μg/L; that of geothermal water between 1000 and 1500 m deep is 43.68–68.08 μg/L. The high-As well water at depths from 110 to 360 m in southern Guanzhong Basin has a very low fluorine(F) value, which is generally 0.10 mg/L. Otherwise, the hot springs of Lintong and Tangyu and the geothermal water in southern Guanzhong Basin have very high F values(8.07–14.96 mg/L). The results indicate that highAs groundwater in depths from 110 to 360 m is unlikely to have a direct relationship with the geothermal water in the same area. As concentration of all reservoirs and rivers(both contaminated and uncontaminated) in the Guanzhong Basin is 10 μg/L. This shows that pollution in the surface water is not the source of the high-As in the southern Guanzhong Basin. The partition boundaries of the high- and low-As groundwater area corresponds to the partition boundaries of the tectonic units in the Guanzhong Basin. This probably indicates that the high-As groundwater areas can be correlated to their geological underpinning and structural framework. In southern Guanzhong Basin, the main sources of drinking water for villages and small towns today are wells between 110–360 m deep. All of their As contents exceed the limit of the Chinese National Standard and the International Standard(10 μg/L) and so local residents should use other sources of clean water that are 50 m deep, instead of deep groundwater(110 to 360 m) for their drinking water supply. 相似文献
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M. A. Hoque J. M. McArthur P. K. Sikdar J. D. Ball T. N. Molla 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(7):1549-1560
Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is home to a population of 15 million people, whose water supply is 85% drawn from groundwater in aquifers that underlie the city. Values of Cl/Br >500 are common in groundwater beneath western Dhaka in areas <3 km from the river, and in rivers and sewers around and within the city. The study shows that groundwater beneath western Dhaka is strongly influenced by infiltration of effluent from leaking sewers and unsewered sanitation, and by river-bank infiltration from the Turag-Buriganga river system which bounds the western limit of the city. River-bank infiltration from other rivers around Dhaka is minor. Values of Cl/Br and Cl concentrations reveal that 23 % of wells sampled in Dhaka are influenced by saline connate water in amounts up to 1%. This residual natural salinity compromises the use of electrical conductivity of groundwater as a method for defining pathways of recharge by contaminated surface waters. Concentrations of As, B, Ba, Cd, Cu, F, Ni, NO3, Pb, Sb, Se and U in groundwater samples are less than WHO health-based guideline values for drinking water. 相似文献
13.
Transport of trace elements under different seasonal conditions: Effects on the quality of river water in a Mediterranean area 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Concentrations of total and dissolved elements were determined in 35 water samples collected from rivers in Sardinia, a Mediterranean island in Italy. The overall composition did not change for waters sampled in both winter and summer (i.e., January at high-flow condition and June at low-flow condition), but the salinity and concentrations of the major ions increased in summer. Concentrations of elements such as Li, B, Mn, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba and U were higher in summer with only small differences between total and dissolved (i.e., in the fraction <0.4 μm) concentrations. The fact that these elements are mostly dissolved during low flow periods appears to be related to the intensity of water–rock interaction processes that are enhanced when the contribution of rainwater to the rivers is low, that is during low-flow conditions. In contrast, the concentrations of Al and Fe were higher in winter during high flow with total concentrations significantly higher than dissolved concentrations, indicating that the total amount depends on the amount of suspended matter. In waters filtered through 0.015 μm pore-size filters, the concentrations of Al and Fe were much lower than in waters filtered through 0.4 μm pore-size filters, indicating that the dissolved fraction comprises very fine particles or colloids. Also, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were generally higher in waters collected during the high-flow condition, with much lower concentrations in 0.015 μm pore-size filtered waters; this suggests aqueous transport via adsorption onto very fine particles. The rare earth elements (REE) and Th dissolved in the river waters display a wide range in concentrations (∑REE: 0.1–23 μg/L; Th: <0.005–0.58 μg/L). Higher REE and Th concentrations occurred at high flow. The positive correlation between ∑REE and Fe suggests that the REE are associated with very fine particles (>0.015 and <0.4 μm); the abundance of these particles in the river controls the partitioning of REE between solution and solid phases.Twenty percent of the water samples had dissolved Pb and total Hg concentrations that exceeded the Italian guidelines for drinking water (>10 μg/L Pb and >1 μg/L Hg). The highest concentrations of these heavy metals were observed at high-flow conditions and they were likely due to the weathering of mine wastes and to uncontrolled urban wastes discharged into the rivers. 相似文献
14.
I. B. Goni 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(5):742-752
The southwestern Chad basin is a semi-arid region with annual rainfall that is generally less than 500 mm and over 2,000 mm of evapotranspiration. Surface water in rivers is seasonal, and therefore groundwater is the perennial source of water supply for domestic and other purposes. Stable isotope has been measured for rainwater, surface water and groundwater samples in this region. The stable isotope data have been used to understand the inter-relationships between the rainwater, surface water, shallow and deep groundwater of this region. This is being used in a qualitative sense to demonstrate present day recharge to the groundwater. Stable isotope in rainwater for the region has an average value of –4‰ δ18O and –20‰ δ2H. Surface water samples from rivers and Lake Chad fall on the evaporation line of this average value. The Upper Zone aquifer water samples show stable isotope signal with a wide range of values indicating the complex character of the aquifer Zone with three distinguishable units. The wide range of values is attributable to waters from individual unit and/or mixture of waters of different units. The Middle and Lower aquifers Zones’ waters show similar stable isotopes values, probably indicating similarity in timing and/or mechanism of recharge. These are palaeowaters probably recharged under a climate that is different from today. The Upper Zone aquifer is presently being recharged as some of its waters show stable isotope compositions similar to those of average rainfall waters of the region. 相似文献
15.
Fei Zhang Zhangdong Jin Guang Hu Fuchun Li Yuewei Shi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2009,59(2):297-313
The major cation and anion compositions of waters from the Lake Qinghai river system (LQRS) in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
were measured. The waters were collected seasonally from five main rivers during pre-monsoon (late May), monsoon (late July),
and post-monsoon (middle October). The LQRS waters are all very alkaline and have high concentrations of TDS (total dissolved
solids) compared to rivers draining the Himalayas and the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Seasonal variations in the water chemistry
show that, except the Daotang River, the TDS concentration is high in October and low in July in the LQRS waters. The forward
models were used to quantify the input of three main rivers (Buha River, Shaliu River, and Hargai River) from rain, halite,
carbonates, and silicates. The results suggest that (1) atmospheric input is the first important source for the waters of
the Buha River and the Shaliu River, contributing 36–57% of the total dissolved cations, (2) carbonate weathering input and
atmospheric input have equal contribution to the Hargai River water, (3) carbonate weathering has higher contribution to these
rivers than silicate weathering, and (4) halite is also important source for the Buha River. The Daotang River water is dominated
by halite input owing to its underlying old lacustrine sediments. The water compositions of the Heima River are controlled
by carbonate weathering and rainfall input in monsoon season, and groundwater input may be important in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon
seasons. After being corrected the atmospheric input, average CO2 drawdown via silicate weathering in the LQRS is 35 × 103 mol/km2 per year, with highest in monsoon season, lower than Himalayas and periphery of Tibetan Plateau rivers but higher than some
rivers draining shields. 相似文献
16.
A study of the interrelation between surface water and groundwater using isotopes and chlorofluorocarbons in Sanjiang plain,Northeast China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bing Zhang Xianfang Song Yinghua Zhang Dongmei Han Changyuan Tang Lihu Yang Zhongliang Wang Tingyi Liu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(10):3901-3913
Surface water and groundwater are the main water resources used for drinking and production. Assessments of the relationship between surface water and groundwater provide information for water resource management in Sanjiang plain, Northeast China. The surface water (river, lake, and wetland) and groundwater were sampled and analyzed for stable isotopic (δD, δ 18O) composition, tritium, and chlorofluorocarbons concentrations. The local meteoric water line is δD = 7.3δ 18O–6.7. The tritium (T) and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) contents in groundwater were analyzed to determine the groundwater ages. Most groundwater were modern water with the ages <50 years. The groundwaters in mountain area and near rivers were younger than in the central plain. The oxygen isotope (δ 18O) was used to quantify the relationship between surface water and groundwater. The Songhua, Heilongjiang, and Wusuli rivers were gaining rivers, but the shallow groundwater recharged from rivers at the confluence area of rivers. At the confluence of Songhua and Heilongjiang rivers, 88 % of the shallow groundwater recharged from Songhua river. The combination of stable isotopes, tritium, and CFCs was an effectively method to study the groundwater ages and interrelation between surface water and groundwater. Practically, the farmlands near the river and under foot of the mountain could be cultivated, but the farmlands in the central plain should be controlled. 相似文献
17.
中国东部主要入海河流As元素分布、来源及影响因素分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为查明中国河流中As等重金属元素的分布规律,于2007—2008年分丰水期和枯水期对中国东部30余条入海河流水体、悬浮物统一进行采样分析。结果表明:东部河流中As元素溶解态含量均值为3.1μg/L,同世界河流相比,明显偏高;且频率分布直方图具有多个峰值,反映出明显的人为污染。利用富集系数的研究表明,悬浮物同样受到较明显的人为污染。As在河水中的迁移形式以溶解态为主,pH值和温度对As的迁移形式有明显影响。流域内岩石类型对河流中As含量影响显著,火山岩、火山碎屑岩类广泛分布的流域河水中As含量明显偏高,花岗岩及中、深变质岩广泛分布的流域河流中As含量则偏小。利用生活、工业污水作为As元素人为来源端元,对海河、黄河、长江、珠江等河流人为源进行了估算,分别为46.7%、18.7%、13.5%、8.3%。 相似文献
18.
《Applied Geochemistry》2003,18(5):675-691
The small karstic watershed of Lanmuchang, in a Hg–Tl mineralized area in SW Guizhou Province, China, exhibits an enrichment of toxic Tl in groundwater and related stream water. This affords an excellent demonstration of the natural processes of Tl dispersion, and the resultant impact on the local ecosystem. The distribution of Tl in the water system follows a decreasing concentration pattern from deep groundwater to stream water to shallow groundwater. Tl shows high levels (13–1100 μg/L) in deep groundwater within the Tl-mineralized area, decreasing with distance away from the mineralized area to background levels (0.005 μg/L). The distribution of Tl in the water system is constrained by Tl mineralization, water–rock interactions and hydrogeological conditions. Tl concentrations in waters generally correlate with concentrations of total dissolved solids, sulphate, Ca and pH values, suggesting the contribution of water-rock interactions to water geochemistry. Water–rock interactions are driven by weathering of Tl-bearing sulfides which decreases pH values in groundwater, and by dissolution of limestone enhanced by acid fluids. Tl in stream water in both the base-flow and flood-flow regimes shows higher concentrations than it does in shallow groundwater that serves as the stream's source (mainly springs, dug-well flows and karstic cave waters). Concentrations of Tl in stream water in the flood-flow regime are generally lower than in the base-flow regime due to dilution effects, but those in the waters of mid-stream are almost the same as in the base-flow regime, probably due to contribution from Tl-rich soil water seepage or from acid mine drainage (AMD). Unexpectedly, Tl concentrations in stream water in both regimes are remarkably higher (2–30 fold) downstream than up- and mid-stream. These pronounced increases of Tl concentration are likely caused by unidentified discharges of deep groundwater through fractured zones to the downstream trace. The groundwater-related Tl transfer processes affect the ecosystem through contamination of water supply and arable soil and ultimately the food chain with undoubted risks to human health. Therefore, the results of this study are important for environmental planning and regulations, and will also serve as baseline data for future research on Tl natural dispersion processes. 相似文献
19.
川藏铁路波密段穿越冰川覆盖区,分布多条与断裂复合发育的大型河流,水量丰富,可与断裂共同构成构造高压涌水突泥灾害风险源。本文通过多期测流和对大气降水、冰川、河流和地下水水化学、同位素特征分析,研究了大型河流的流量变化特征和地表水与断裂带裂隙水的转化关系。结果表明:西藏波密冰川覆盖区河水主要接受冰川融水和大气降水补给。雨季河水的δ18O和δD值小于旱季,说明河水雨季和旱季的补给源结构不同。旱季气温低,以大气降水补给为主;雨季冰川融水量陡增,为主要补给源。断裂影响范围内的古乡沟、比通曲和龙冲曲河水流量较大,均超过4×104 m3/d,但年内流量波动幅度小于非断裂带影响范围的河流。河流可渗漏补给断裂带水。浅层循环断裂带水年龄5～10 a,中深层断裂带水年龄超过4000 a,水岩作用较充分。非断裂带影响范围的河流与基岩风化裂隙水存在较密切的水力联系和较频繁的相互转化。研究成果可为青藏高原东部冰川覆盖区铁路隧道高压涌水突泥灾害的早期识别和灾害防范措施制定提供参考。 相似文献
20.
Geothermal spring causes arsenic contamination in river waters of the southern Tibetan Plateau,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Chaoliu Li Shichang Kang Pengfei Chen Qianggong Zhang Jue Mi Shaopeng Gao Mika Sillanpää 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(9):4143-4148
Large numbers of As-enriched geothermal springs are distributed at the southern Tibetan Plateau, and their influence on river water is still not clear. Lhasa River and its tributary, Duilong Qu located at downstream of the largest geothermal spring of the Tibetan Plateau, were selected for sampling during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. Dissolved trace elements (B, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cs, Ba and U) were measured in river water samples by ICP-MS. The results show that due to contribution of geothermal spring, As levels of Duilong Qu (205.6 μg/L) and Lhasa River (12.7 μg/L) were higher during non-monsoon season than that of WHO guideline for drinking water (10 μg/L). Accordingly, As level of river water was lower during the monsoon season than that of the non-monsoon season due mainly to dilution process. Therefore, although Tibetan rivers are generally considered as free of contamination, geothermal springs cause As contamination of river water at some local regions and may harm the local residents. Further research is needed in other parts of the plateau to determine whether As level of groundwater of the related region is high. 相似文献