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1.
干涉合成孔径雷达是一项能够对地表变形进行测量的遥感技术,在一个巨大区域内,它的变形测量精度可达亚厘米级,而其空间分辨率则在数十米以内。本文回顾了InSAR技术的基本理论,阐明了它的工作原理,并对应用InSAR技术进行地表变形测量的相关问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
2.
采用合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar，InSAR）技术对甘肃黑方台地区潜在的黄土滑坡开展了多时相编目、长时序监测以及失稳模式识别研究。首先，采用不同空间分辨率、不同波长的历史存档合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar，SAR）数据对黑方台地区2006-12至2017-11间的潜在滑坡开展了识别研究，在2006-12至2011-03和2016-01至2016-11两个时间段均识别出数10处不稳定坡体，实地调查和光学遥感影像验证了InSAR技术识别结果的可靠性与准确性。然后，对典型不稳定滑坡体采用高空间与高时间分辨率的TerraSAR-X数据开展了长时序监测，结果表明，在InSAR监测期间，累积形变最大的滑坡体在随后的时间里均发生了滑动，并成功地捕获到滑坡体形变加速的时间点。最后，利用升降轨SAR数据开展了黄土滑坡二维形变监测研究，基于滑坡的二维形变特征并结合地形图以及光学遥感影像进一步研究了滑坡的失稳模式，现场调查结果验证了所获得滑坡失稳模式的准确性。 相似文献
3.
This letter describes the concept of using delta-K technique on interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data for deriving the snow water equivalent (SWE) of dry snow-covered ground by utilizing the presence of scatterers in both datasets. The main scattering contribution from a dry snow cover is from the snow-ground interface. Thus, the interferometric phase of two SAR images, one with no snow and one with dry snow cover, contains information on the SWE. By performing a delta-K processing of the two SAR scenes followed by averaging, an estimation of the SWE can be achieved. The first step in the delta-K InSAR processing is to split the band into two nonoverlapping subfrequency band images. The resulting two subband images then contain two new carrier frequencies with a small delta frequency or delta-K separation. The next step is to multiply the two subband images together to obtain the delta-K image, one for summer and one for winter. Finally, the delta-K interferometric SAR image is generated by multiplying the two delta-K images from summer and winter together. In this letter, experimental results using European Remote sensing Satellite 1 (ERS-1) data from a summer and winter situation show that the delta-K phase can be estimated to a few degrees accuracy for an area of 10/spl times/10 km/sup 2/ corresponding to an SWE accuracy of approximately 100 mm. 相似文献
4.
干涉合成孔径雷达是一项能够对地表变形进行测量的遥感技术,在一个巨大区域内,它的变形测量精度可达亚厘米级,而其空间分辨率则在数十米以内。本文对我们应用InSAR技术对阿拉斯加火山进行研究的最新成果进行了总结,同时包括火山的喷发和非喷发活动。这些研究成果表明InSAR不仅能够增进我们对阿拉斯加火山活动的理解,而且还能够增强我们对未来火山喷发情况及其灾害的预测能力。 相似文献
5.
V. Kumar G. Venkataramana K.A. Høgda 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
In this study ascending and descending passes interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques are used for glacier surface velocity estimation in the Himalaya. Single-track interferometric measurements are sensitive to only a single component of the three dimensional (3-D) velocity vectors. European Remote Sensing satellites (ERS-1/2) tandem mission data in ascending and descending tracks provide an opportunity to resolve the three velocity components under the assumption that glacier flow is parallel to its surface. Using the surface slope as an essential input in this technique the velocity pattern of Siachen glacier in Himalaya has been modelled. Glaciers in the Himalayan region maintain excellent coherence of SAR return signals in one-day temporal difference. As a result we could obtain spatially continuous surface velocity field with a precision of fraction of radar wavelength. The results covering the main course of glacier are analysed in terms of spatial and temporal variations. A maximum velocity of 43 cm/day has been observed in the upper middle portion of the glacier. This technique has been found accurate for monitoring the flow rates in this region, suggesting that routine monitoring of diurnal movement Himalayan glaciers would be immensely useful in the present day context of climate change. 相似文献
6.
结合星载寄生式干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)的工作原理及高稳定频率源的工作特性,给出了时间和频率同步误差模型。基于该误差模型,分析了时间和频率同步误差对干涉相位的影响,首次推导了同步误差导致的信号去相关。基于星载寄生式InSAR系统的空间几何关系和图像信号模型,详细分析了热噪声、模糊、量化噪声、基线、方位向、配准误差及体散射等去相关效应,给出了考虑上述全部去相关因素时系统的相对测高精度,并仿真分析了以Envisat为主星的寄生式InSAR系统在ASAR雷达7个不同波位下的相对测高性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明,在合理选择轨道和雷达参数的前提下,系统可以达到很好的测高精度。 相似文献
7.
雷达干涉测量作为遥感对地观测领域中的热点学科,受到测绘、地质、矿业、水利、国土资源、航空航天、地震等各行各业的广泛关注。为了适应科技发展对雷达干涉测量高级人才的需求,许多高校开设了或即将开设“雷达干涉测量”等相关课程。结合东北大学在“雷达干涉测量”课程教学及实践中的经验,围绕课程教学设计、教学方法、教学实践中遇到的问题及解决方案等方面进行了详细探讨,为促进高素质雷达遥感人才培养工作贡献力量。 相似文献
8.
合成孔径雷达遥感新技术--InSAR介绍 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
InSAR是正在发展中的极具潜力的微波遥感新技术。为使广大测绘工作者对它有一个全面了解，本系列讲座将分六部分对InSAR作较为详细的介绍与讨论。作为第一部分，本文将对InSAR的发展历史、技术背景、系统构成与应用情况等方面作总体介绍。 相似文献
9.
利用存档光学遥感影像对灾前演变情况进行分析是目前常用的方法，但往往受限于获取时间密度、云量等因素。随着雷达遥感卫星数据质量的不断提升，合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric syntheticaperture radar，InSAR）技术可以为滑坡灾前形变探测提供新的技术途径。基于欧洲空间局哨兵一号（Sentinel-1）雷达卫星数据，同时结合升轨与降轨视线向形变结果提取沿坡向与垂直向二维形变，对2018年7月12日甘肃南峪乡滑坡灾前二维形变进行追溯分析。时序结果显示，该滑坡自2017年6月起便已经开始缓慢的变形，至滑坡发生前13个月时最大累积形变量达77 mm。结合降雨量数据对比分析，发现该滑坡灾前变形与降雨量变化高度吻合，说明降雨是该滑坡发生的主要诱因之一。该InSAR追溯结果展示了星载雷达干涉测量技术在滑坡探测方面的应用潜力，为滑坡诱因分析、防灾减灾乃至滑坡监测预警工作提供了新的思路与参考。 相似文献
10.
Radar remote sensing has great potential to determine the extent and properties of snow cover. Availability of space-borne sensor dual-polarization C-band data of environmental satellite- (ENVISAT-) advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) can enhance the accuracy in measurement of snow physical parameters as compared with single polarization data measurement. This study shows the capability of C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for estimating dry snow density over snow covered rugged terrain in Himalayan region. The snow density is an important parameter for the snow hydrology and avalanche forecasting related studies. An algorithm has been developed for estimating snow density, based on snow volume scattering and snow-ground scattering components. The radar backscattering coefficients of both horizontal–horizontal (hh) and vertical–vertical (vv) polarization and incidence angle are used as inputs in the algorithm to provide the snow dielectric constant which can be used to derive snow density using Looyenga's semi-empirical formula. Comparison was made between snow density estimated from algorithm using ENVISAT-ASAR hh and vv polarization data and the measured field value. The mean absolute error between estimated and measured snow density was found to be 0.024 g/cm3. 相似文献
11.
An adaptive contoured window filter is proposed to filter off the noise from phase images of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) in this letter. The contoured windows can best satisfy the requirement that constrains the phase signal constant inside windows on which low-pass filtering can remove the noise well while the fringe phases are well preserved. The contoured windows are determined by tracing along the local fringe orientation. An algorithm for determining window sizes adaptive to the fringe density is also proposed. The theoretical analysis and experiments prove that the proposed filter can greatly remove decorrelation noise while preserving the fringe phase well, even for those fringes with strong curvatures for InSAR processing 相似文献
12.
黄河河段特殊的地理位置和气候条件造成每年季节性的冰凌灾害,利用传统监测手段在夜间监测具有许多困难。随着无人机机载微型化合成孔径雷达(MiniSAR)技术发展,使得全天时、全天候航空遥感监测成为可能。本文通过对无人机机载合成孔径雷达监测系统集成构建,利用该套系统验证了黄河冰情凌汛应急监测的适用性,最后指出了无人机机载合成孔径雷达在行业应用中的推广价值。 相似文献
13.
《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2005,2(3):357-361
In the frame of the Swiss Alpine Airborne SAR Experiment 2003 (SASARE), multitemporal/multibaseline polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (Pol-InSAR) datasets were acquired with the German Experimental SAR (E-SAR) platform at L- and P-band in the region of the Aletsch glacier in Switzerland. For SASARE, several sub-test-sites had been selected below and significantly above the equilibrium line. We provide results from the analysis of the multibaseline Pol-InSAR L- and P-band measurements of the polarization-dependent complex interferometric coherence of an Alpine glacier in the cold infiltration zone. Interferometric volume decorrelation is demonstrated as a function of polarization. Conventional polarimetric decomposition techniques confirm the polarization-dependent backscattering properties of the analyzed snow and ice surfaces. 相似文献
14.
基于"三查"体系的滑坡隐患综合遥感识别工作已在全国范围推广应用并取得一定成效,但随着工作的推进,也暴露出一些亟待解决的问题,比如隐患究竟如何定义、有哪些类型、有何针对性的识别技术和方法,以及下一步工作重点是什么等.总结大量实践案例,进一步明确了滑坡隐患的定义,并将滑坡隐患分为正在变形区、历史变形破坏区和潜在不稳定斜坡3... 相似文献
15.
三维相位解缠是时序干涉合成孔径雷达（interferometric synthetic aperture radar，InSAR）技术的关键环节之一，解缠结果直接影响时序InSAR地面沉降监测的精度。针对地面沉降严重、地形坡度变化较大的区域，因相位欠采样引起的整周期解缠误差问题，提出了一种基于频域置信度的加权最小二乘相位解缠算法，并以此替代时空三维相位解缠中空间维以相位梯度为权重的加权最小二乘相位解缠算法。通过提高相位坡度变化估计的准确性，进而提高时空三维相位解缠的精度和稳定性。以北京地区地面沉降监测为例进行了验证，结果表明，与经典的时空三维相位解缠算法相比，改进算法得到的沉降监测结果精度更高，特别是对于坡度变化较大、失相干现象明显的沉降漏斗区，其沉降监测精度有明显改善。 相似文献
16.
M. Jiang Z.W. Li X.L. Ding J.J. Zhu G.C. Feng 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
A new functional model for determining the minimum and maximum detectable deformation gradients of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is developed. The model incorporates both the interferometric coherence and the look number, representing an extension to the existing models that consider only the interferometric coherence. Experimental results with Envisat ASAR data show that the new model performs well for interferograms with different look numbers and interferometric coherences. The model can serve as an important tool in determining whether InSAR technology can be used effectively to monitor a particular ground deformation. In addition, the model can also be used to determine the optimum look number for multi-looking operations to result in the best deformation monitoring results. 相似文献
17.
传统光学遥感技术手段在森林覆盖区难以准确获取林下地形,原因在于其只能测量森林冠层顶部高程。微波信号能够穿透森林冠层并记录森林垂直结构信息,为解决林下地形测绘难题带来了契机,如何准确获取林下地形已成为微波遥感领域的研究热点。首先介绍了面向林下地形测绘的合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）干涉测高原理及数据获取手段。然后对利用SAR进行林下地形测绘的方法进行了分类,主要包括基于合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）、极化合成孔径雷达干涉测量（polarimetric InSAR,PolInSAR）及基于多基线InSAR/PolInSAR数据的层析SAR（tomographic SAR,TomoSAR）技术的林下地形测绘方法,并介绍了上述3种方法的应用进展。最后在此基础上,从数据获取、误差改正及散射模型构建3个角度分析了林下地形测绘所面临的问题。 相似文献
18.
一种高精度的干涉雷达复数影像配准方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在总结现有算法的基础上,提出了基于相干系数、Harris特征点、小波金字塔及TIN三角微分纠正技术的单视复数雷达图像的配准流程。通过ERS 1/2的实验表明,提高了配准的精度和效率,特别是保证了在没有精确轨道甚至没有轨道参数的情况下也能获得很高的配准精度,计算正确的干涉相位图。在重采样过程中采用的三角联网策略,进一步使匹配点的局部拟合误差得到有效控制,得到配准精度更高的复图像对。在CPU 3.06GHz计算机上,43 s内完成5000像素×1000像素的主辅图像的配准,平均相干系数为0.719855。 相似文献
19.
利用雷达干涉数据进行城市不透水层百分比估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
人工不透水层是城市地区的重要特征.作为城市生态环境的关键指数,不透水层百分比(Impervious Surfaces Percentage, ISP)常用于城市水文过程模拟、水质面源污染及城市专题制图等研究中.本文利用ERS-1/2 重复轨道雷达干涉数据,采用分类与回归树(CART)算法探究了雷达遥感在城市ISP估算中的可行性和潜力,并与SPOT5 HRG光学遥感图像的估算结果进行了分析比较.香港九龙港岛实验区的初步研究结果表明,雷达干涉数据在城市不透水层研究中具有一定的应用潜力,特别是裸土和稀疏植被的ISP估算结果要好于光学遥感,这主要得益于雷达干涉数据(特别是长时间相干图像)在人工建筑物和裸土或稀疏植被之间具有很强的区分能力,另外,雷达干涉数据和光学遥感数据间的融合能够提高ISP估算精度. 相似文献
20.
图像配准是实现干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)高精度相位提取及地形高程反演的关键,大场景图像的高效高精度配准成为近年高分宽幅InSAR成像应用研究的难点问题之一。由于大场景图像中不同区域偏移量及变化规律差异较大,传统最大相干系数配准方法需多分块及插值处理,面临计算量大且配准精度低等问题。针对此问题,本文提出一种基于DFT模型的大场景InSAR高效高精度图像配准算法。该方法利用最小均方差准则构建InSAR复图像配准的DFT模型,采用四叉树自适应分块及矩阵相乘DFT快速重采样配准方法,实现大场景InSAR图像各子块区域的高效高精度亚像素配准。仿真和实测数据验证本文算法的有效性,结果表明该算法不仅可实现大场景InSAR复图像亚像素级配准,还具有较高的运算效率,其运算效率相对于传统FFT配准方法通常可提升3倍以上。 相似文献