共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Spatial cloud computing: how can the geospatial sciences use and help shape cloud computing? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(4):305-329
Abstract The geospatial sciences face grand information technology (IT) challenges in the twenty-first century: data intensity, computing intensity, concurrent access intensity and spatiotemporal intensity. These challenges require the readiness of a computing infrastructure that can: (1) better support discovery, access and utilization of data and data processing so as to relieve scientists and engineers of IT tasks and focus on scientific discoveries; (2) provide real-time IT resources to enable real-time applications, such as emergency response; (3) deal with access spikes; and (4) provide more reliable and scalable service for massive numbers of concurrent users to advance public knowledge. The emergence of cloud computing provides a potential solution with an elastic, on-demand computing platform to integrate – observation systems, parameter extracting algorithms, phenomena simulations, analytical visualization and decision support, and to provide social impact and user feedback – the essential elements of the geospatial sciences. We discuss the utilization of cloud computing to support the intensities of geospatial sciences by reporting from our investigations on how cloud computing could enable the geospatial sciences and how spatiotemporal principles, the kernel of the geospatial sciences, could be utilized to ensure the benefits of cloud computing. Four research examples are presented to analyze how to: (1) search, access and utilize geospatial data; (2) configure computing infrastructure to enable the computability of intensive simulation models; (3) disseminate and utilize research results for massive numbers of concurrent users; and (4) adopt spatiotemporal principles to support spatiotemporal intensive applications. The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges for spatial cloud computing (SCC). 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(4):383-403
Abstract Geospatial simulation models can help us understand the dynamic aspects of Digital Earth. To implement high-performance simulation models for complex geospatial problems, grid computing and cloud computing are two promising computational frameworks. This research compares the benefits and drawbacks of both in Web-based frameworks by testing a parallel Geographic Information System (GIS) simulation model (Schelling's residential segregation model). The parallel GIS simulation model was tested on XSEDE (a representative grid computing platform) and Amazon EC2 (a representative cloud computing platform). The test results demonstrate that cloud computing platforms can provide almost the same parallel computing capability as high-end grid computing frameworks. However, cloud computing resources are more accessible to individual scientists, easier to request and set up, and have more scalable software architecture for on-demand and dedicated Web services. These advantages may attract more geospatial scientists to utilize cloud computing for the development of Digital Earth simulation models in the future. 相似文献
3.
当前云计算的发展已能支持高性能的地理空间服务,比如在数字城市和电子商务等行业。Apache基金支持下的开源软件框架Hadoop,可以用来构建一个云环境的集群用来存储和处理高性能的地理空间数据。开放地理空间联盟(OGC)的Web三维服务(W3DS)就是这样一个很好的三维的地理空间数据服务标准。在标准的云计算环境下将是一个更好的应用示范。基于此,本文研究了OGC的W3DS服务在云计算环境下的实验结果。实验采用Apache的Hadoop框架作为三维地理空间信息服务实验展示的基础。实验结果对展示高性能的三维地理空间信息提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):259-278
Abstract This paper introduces a new concept, distributed geospatial information processing (DGIP), which refers to the process of geospatial information residing on computers geographically dispersed and connected through computer networks, and the contribution of DGIP to Digital Earth (DE). The DGIP plays a critical role in integrating the widely distributed geospatial resources to support the DE envisioned to utilise a wide variety of information. This paper addresses this role from three different aspects: 1) sharing Earth data, information, and services through geospatial interoperability supported by standardisation of contents and interfaces; 2) sharing computing and software resources through a GeoCyberinfrastructure supported by DGIP middleware; and 3) sharing knowledge within and across domains through ontology and semantic searches. Observing the long-term process for the research and development of an operational DE, we discuss and expect some practical contributions of the DGIP to the DE. 相似文献
5.
与机群系统相比,地理空间信息网格计算模式的优势在于可以更好地解决资源的异构性问题,支持资源的柔性伸缩及多种并行编程环境,支持科学计算库与工具软件,支持可视化动态人机交互。地理空间信息网格计算模式的体系结构是具有一定智能的分层结构。本文参考五层沙漏结构思想和前人的研究成果,研究设计了具有资源底层、安全调度层、抽象接口层、中间件层、应用接口层和应用层等六个层面的地理空间信息网格计算系统多层体系结构。 相似文献
6.
展望大数据时代的地球空间信息学 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
20世纪90年代,随着全球信息化和互联网的推进,地球空间信息学应运而生,推动了数字地球和数字城市的建设。21世纪以来,随着全球信息化与工业化的高度集成发展,出现了物联网和云计算,人类进入了大数据时代。本文论述大数据时代地球空间信息学的特点(无所不在、多维动态、互联网+网络化、全自动与实时化、从感知到认知、众包与自发地理信息、面向服务)和必须解决的主要关键技术问题(全球空天地一体化的非线性地球参考框架构建技术、星基导航增强技术、天地一体化网络通信技术、多源成像数据在轨处理技术、天基信息智能终端服务技术、天基资源调度与网络安全、基于载荷的多功能卫星平台设计与研制)。本文最后给出大数据时代地球空间信息学的新定义,即地球空间信息学是用各种手段和集成各种方法对地球及地球上的实体目标(physical objects)和人类活动(human activities)进行时空数据采集、信息提取、网络管理、知识发现、空间感知认知和智能位置服务的一门多学科交叉的科学和技术。从这个新定义出发,地球空间信息学将在构建智慧地球和智慧城市的大数据时代面临更多的发展机遇和艰巨的任务,必将为人类社会的进步和可持续发展作出更大的贡献。 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACTThe human–cyber–physical world produces a considerable volume of multi-modal spatio-temporal data, thus leading to information overload. Visual variables are used to transform information into visual forms that are perceived by the powerful human vision system. However, previous studies of visual variables focused on methods of ‘drawing information’ without considering ‘intelligence’ derived from balancing ‘importance’ and ‘unimportance’. This paper proposes semantic visual variables to support an augmented geovisualization that aims to avoid exposing users to unnecessary information by highlighting goal-oriented content over redundant details. In this work, we first give definitions of several concepts and then design a semiotic model for depicting the mechanisms of augmented geovisualization. We also provide an in-depth discussion of semantic visual variables based on a hierarchical organization of the original visual variables, and we analyse the critical influencing factors that affect the choice of visualization forms and visual variables. Finally, a typical application is used to illustrate the relevance of this study. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):17-30
Abstract This paper discusses the role of Geoinformatics as a new scientific discipline designed for handling of geospatial information. Depending on the scientific background of the people involved in shaping the emerging discipline, emphasis may be placed on different aspects of Geoinformatics. Applications and developments may address geoscientific, spatial planning, or computer science related matters. The scientific field of Geoinformatics encompasses the acquisition and storing of geospatial data, the modelling and presentation of spatial information, geoscientific analyses and spatial planning, and the development of algorithms and geospatial database systems. It is the position of the author that these tools from Geoinformatics are necessary to bridge the gap between Digital Earth models and the real world with its real-world problems (‘connecting through location’). It is, however, crucial that Geoinformatics represents a coherent integrated approach to the acquisition, storage, analysis, modeling, presentation, and dissemination of geo-processes and not a patchwork solution of unconnected fields of activity. Geoinformatics is as such not a part of Geography, Surveying, or Computer Science, but a new self-contained scientific discipline. The current paper highlights international and national trends of the discipline and presents a number of Geoinformatics initiatives. The research and teaching activities of the newly formed Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing (IGF) at the University of Osnabrueck serve as an example for these initiatives. All these developments have lead to the long overdue formation of a scientific ‘Society for Geoinformatics’ (German: Gesellschaft für Geoinformatik – GfGI) in Germany. 相似文献
9.
网格计算与Grid GIS体系结构与关键技术探讨 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
结合当前的网格计算和网格数据库技术,从GIS集成运算与数据共享的角度概括了GridGIS包括应用层、中间件层与资源层三层架构的协同工作体系结构和宽带网络技术、分布对象技术、互操作技术与GML共享技术等关键技术支撑以及GridGIS服务组成结构等。 相似文献
10.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):81-100
Geocollaboration is a new field of research that investigates how technology can support human–human collaboration with geospatial information. This paper considers the design issues inherent in distributed geospatial software. It looks at providing a non-spatial communication channel, supporting real-time synchronous awareness, designing interaction techniques, establishing common ground, and using floor control and attention techniques. Using examples from existing geocollaboration tools and realistic geocollaboration scenarios, it demonstrates some of the design alternatives for geocollaboration. The paper concludes with a future research agenda describing the complexities in supporting longer-term geocollaboration activities. 相似文献
11.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
12.
A digital earth platform for sustainability 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Mario Hernandez 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2017,10(4):342-355
ABSTRACTBased on the experience of the International Society for Digital Earth (ISDE), this paper describes some challenges foreseen in order to develop a Digital Earth platform that can support the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. The use of ready-to-use derived geospatial information is essential. Future Earth’s methodology of ‘co-design’ aims to bring together natural, social scientists and decision makers to plan and carry out research for sustainability. Sustainability implies transdisciplinary research, but in order for scientists of different disciplines to work together, they will need to be able to share, access and use common data. This is by far not simple! While the good will to share data might exist, the associated technological, ethical and privacy issues are difficult to solve. An adequate e-infrastructure will be required. ISDE could consider to use the SDGs is the basis to develop the desired Digital Earth platform. This paper, by no means, covers everything for a Digital Earth platform, it aims to trigger research discussions and to have a good view about a starting point. 相似文献
13.
Significant trends in the processing of geographical data require increasingly powerful software and hardware, consistent
with the exploitation of parallel computing. Despite recent progress in technology, exploiting parallel processing is still
difficult so that few applications have been developed in the environmental and geographical domains.
Key issues which must be addressed in the design of parallel geographical software are described with reference to designs
for three examples which use grid and raster data. The implications for parallel processing with vector-topological data are
then explored. The emphasis is upon MIMD architectures using strategies of decomposition into subareas, and upon the need
to facilitate development of parallel geographical applications by encapsulating the parallelism in a low-level layer of software,
forming a skeletal framework upon which application algorithms can be built. The parallel layer will support distribution
of datasets across the multiple processors, and the creation and collation of datasets from those processors. 相似文献
14.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):91-107
Abstract A strategy for the development of the Australian spatial information industry called ‘Spatially Enabling Australia’ has recently been developed by the Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information. It comprises three fundamental research programs and an integrated applications program. Research Program 1, ‘Positioning,’ underpins a full framework of continuous operating reference stations to ultimately enable all of continental Australia to be capable of real-time precise positioning services based on global navigation satellite systems. Research Program 2, ‘Automated Spatial Information Generation,’ addresses complex processing of multiple remote sensing sources. Research Program 3, ‘Spatial Infrastructures,’ helps form the foundation for development of an Australian Spatial Marketplace that will make accessible vast amounts of government held data under a new licensing and access regime which supports combination with user-generated content from the mass market. The three core programs are integrated with Program 4, ‘Applications,’ to support users from the Health, Defense and Security, Energy and Utilities, Urban Development, and Agriculture–Natural Resources–Climate Change sectors. Program 4 drives outputs from the three core research programs in sector-specific deployments for high impact. This will see a rapid acceleration of the use and value adding of information products and services that utilize spatial information. There are considerable research and development challenges that must be met in order to achieve the strategic outcomes. 相似文献
15.
将网格技术应用于地理信息领域,构建实现地理信息资源共享与协同工作的网格地理信息系统,是目前地理信息行业研究的热点之一。OGC制定的网络服务规范作为得到广泛支持的地理空间数据互操作规范。与网格技术的相关规范存在许多不兼容之处,使得OGC服务在网格体系下难于集成和管理。文章研究了OGC数据服务WMS,WFS和wCS的相关规范和OGSA—DAI网格中间件技术,提出将OGC数据服务扩展为OGSA—DAI的数据资源的方案,将WMS,WFS和WCS封装为符合WSRF的网格资源,实现分布式异构地理空间数据在OGSA—DAI框架下的访问、集成与管理。此方案提供了一种将OGC服务集成到网格环境中的方法,比较容易实现,对相关研发工作的开展具有很好的借鉴作用。 相似文献
16.
Fei Hu Yongyao Jiang Yun Li Weiwei Song Daniel Q. Duffy 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(3):410-428
ABSTRACTEarth observations and model simulations are generating big multidimensional array-based raster data. However, it is difficult to efficiently query these big raster data due to the inconsistency among the geospatial raster data model, distributed physical data storage model, and the data pipeline in distributed computing frameworks. To efficiently process big geospatial data, this paper proposes a three-layer hierarchical indexing strategy to optimize Apache Spark with Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) from the following aspects: (1) improve I/O efficiency by adopting the chunking data structure; (2) keep the workload balance and high data locality by building the global index (k-d tree); (3) enable Spark and HDFS to natively support geospatial raster data formats (e.g., HDF4, NetCDF4, GeoTiff) by building the local index (hash table); (4) index the in-memory data to further improve geospatial data queries; (5) develop a data repartition strategy to tune the query parallelism while keeping high data locality. The above strategies are implemented by developing the customized RDDs, and evaluated by comparing the performance with that of Spark SQL and SciSpark. The proposed indexing strategy can be applied to other distributed frameworks or cloud-based computing systems to natively support big geospatial data query with high efficiency. 相似文献
17.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):249-258
Emerging web-based mapping technologies use the World Wide Web (WWW) and Internet protocols to provide the ability to distribute, access, and visualize geospatial information over the Internet. Many web-based mapping applications have been developed to deliver geospatial information within and across organizations and even to the public at large. A major technological challenge is to achieve interoperability amongst web-based mapping applications so that mapping and geoprocessing resources distributed over the Internet can be shared and integrated. This paper presents an approach to the development of web-based mapping applications using distributed object technology in order to enable interoperability. Distributed object technology combines object technology, which utilizes reusable software components (called objects) that model real-world entities to build software systems, and distributed computing, which allows computing resources to be distributed and accessed over computer networks. The paper introduces a distributed object technology, the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA); proposes an architecture for web-based mapping using CORBA; and presents a prototype implementation. 相似文献
18.
在地理空间框架升级为时空信息云平台过程中,不仅面临着信息量、支撑技术和应用模式的提档升级,还面临着数据组织模式、管理模式以及应用模式等方面的挑战。在综合考虑人类认知、云计算特征以及地理空间框架现状的基础上,本文提出了时空实体对象化模型,依托行为与事件,实现几何、属性以及时态的一体化建模,并探讨了以地名地址为实体单元的地理空间框架实体化重构步骤,以期更好地满足云环境下的存储、管理以及服务要求。 相似文献
19.
基于服务域技术为空间服务网格构建了一个服务路由树状结构的元服务体系,提供了符合空间信息领域特点的基本元服务和高级元服务,实现了该元服务体系。 相似文献
20.
《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):73-80
AbstractGeographical information is connected to everyday life in many ways. Web cartography has made geospatial data more available to the public. In the next few years, the average age of the population will be over 51 years, with more than 15% of the population over the age of 65 years. The fact that the senior population is increasing suggests that online mapping and map viewer design should be aware of the senior population’s visual restrictions, as well as restrictions of other potential map users, including colour-vision-impaired users. This paper describes the senior population’s visual restrictions that can be compared with colour-vision-impaired users and provides guidelines with regard to online mapping and map viewer design for this growing segment of the elderly population. 相似文献