共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
湿地种子库及其植被恢复研究进展 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
近年来,受损湿地生态系统的植被恢复与重建掀起了湿地植被恢复的热潮.种子库是过去植物的"记忆库",是湿地植被自然恢复的重要潜力.本文从湿地种子库的形成、湿地种子库的规模及空间分布格局、湿地种子库的物种组成及种子库与地表植被的关系等几个方面总结了湿地种子库主要研究内容的国内外研究进展,并重点介绍了湿地种子库在湿地植被恢复中的应用研究,尤其是湿地种子库幼苗萌发主要影响因素、湿地种子库种苗建群适宜生境及湿地种子库植被恢复潜力等内容的研究现状.在此基础上,对目前湿地种子库及植被恢复研究存在的问题以及将来可能的研究方向进行分析,以期对湿地种子库植被恢复理论及实践技术的发展提供参考. 相似文献
5.
正在大同"世界文化遗产"云冈石窟的南面有一座矿山公园,与云冈石窟隔河相望,她就是山西大同晋华宫矿国家矿山公园。这是一座饱含民族煤炭工业底蕴的文化创意园、一座极具研究价值和观赏价值的地质科考园,悠久的煤炭开采历史元素渗透到公园的景区各个部分。它被国际休闲产业协会授予"国际休闲生态旅游示范区",被国际文化旅游推进会、中国旅游品牌协会、中国生态旅游发展协会评为"中国最具特色生态旅游目的地",被山西省旅游局评为"2014山西百佳旅游休闲产品"。 相似文献
6.
天目湖沙河水库水质对流域开发与保护的响应 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用长期水质监测资料,对苏南地区天目湖沙河水库十多年来的开发与保护工作的水库水质影响情况进行了分析.结果发现:大规模放养鳙鱼等不合理的渔业开发对水库硅藻、蓝藻等浮游植物异常增殖有较大的促进作用;在营养盐处于中富营养水平下,利用不同食性鱼类的组合调控,能够较快地抑制浮游植物的异常增殖,但当浮游植物生物量下降到一定程度以后,其控制能力下降,营养盐和气候因子的影响变得更为重要;流域的旅游开发和农业开发都对水库营养盐、透明度等水质指标产生较大影响,特别是坡地大规模茶叶种植等农业开发对水库氮的影响十分明显;春季少雨等气候变化因子对水库氮等营养盐浓度影响较大,但影响是短时段的.研究表明,合理调控水库渔业养殖,控制流域农业、旅游等开发活动强度,减少农业化肥施用量,恢复和扩大湿地等流域营养盐削减途径,是沙河水库水质保护的关键,也对同类水库水质保护具有示范价值. 相似文献
7.
根据生态空间保护需求,调整产业与城镇开发方向,是协调建设布局与生态保护空间关系,进行区域空间引导和控制的重要内容,以江苏省为案例区,在划定生态功能保护区、提取现状建设空间分布信息的基础上,运用矩阵分类和空间分析方法研究了生态功能保护区与建设空间的耦合特征及生态功能保护区的建设占用状况,总结了空间开发秩序调整思路,研究表明:江苏大部分地区生态保护与建设空间耦合基本协调,不协调的区域主要分布于无锡、常州等地区,未来需控制该区建设空间的增长;重要湿地、水源涵养区和风景胜区等生态保护区的建设占用规模较大,未来空间开发应予以避让;农居空间占用生态功能保护区的面积较大,未来可通过合理凋整农居空间的布局逐步减少对生态功能保护区的占用,降低生态系统压力,促进生态服务功能维护. 相似文献
8.
两小型浅水湖泊水体叶绿素a浓度的季节变化及与理化因子和生物因子的关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探讨非生物因子和生物因子对水体叶绿素a(Chl.a)浓度变动的相对重要性,对芜湖市内的汀棠湖(每半月1次)和镜湖(每4天或7天1次)进行高频采样,分析理化因子及浮游动物密度与Chl.a浓度间的关系.结果表明,从全年来看,2个湖泊的Chl.a浓度均与水温和透明度间分别呈现显著的正相关性和负相关性,与浮游动物密度均无显著相关性;镜湖Chl.a浓度随着总磷浓度和氮磷比的增加分别呈上升和降低趋势.从季节来看,冬季两湖中的Chl.a浓度最低,轮虫密度与此阶段镜湖中藻类Chl.a总浓度和小型藻类的Chl.a浓度间均呈显著负相关,且其对上述两类Chl.a浓度变动的影响程度最大,表明轮虫对藻类的牧食效应降低了冬季镜湖中的Chl.a浓度.从各环境因子对Chl.a浓度变动影响的相对权重来看,除了冬季的镜湖外,2个湖泊中的两类Chl.a浓度均与透明度的关系最密切,且均随着透明度的上升而降低,暗示了透明度可作为预测小型封闭性浅水湖泊中Chl.a浓度的简便指标. 相似文献
9.
奇妙壮观的雅丹地貌,山泉相映的鸣沙山-月牙泉,广袤壮阔的沙漠、戈壁和西湖湿地,举世闻名的莫高窟,见证古丝绸之路的文化遗址阳关、玉门关以及古军事遗址汉长城,构成了敦煌最鲜明的特色。千百年来,敦煌作为东西方多种文化融汇与碰撞的交叉点,孕育了深远悠长、令人神往的敦煌文化,吸引着全世界热爱文化和艺术的人们。不久前,敦煌世界地质公园举行揭碑开园仪式,这是保护敦煌地质遗迹、合理开发旅游资源的一个新的里程碑. 相似文献
10.
11.
Deanne K. Bird Gudrun Gisladottir Dale Dominey-Howes 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2010,189(1-2):33-48
This paper examines the relationship between volcanic risk and the tourism sector in southern Iceland and the complex challenge emergency management officials face in developing effective volcanic risk mitigation strategies. An early warning system and emergency response procedures were developed for communities surrounding Katla, the volcano underlying the Mýrdalsjökull ice cap. However, prior to and during the 2007 tourist season these mitigation efforts were not effectively communicated to stakeholders located in the tourist destination of Þórsmörk despite its location within the hazard zone of Katla. The hazard zone represents the potential extent of a catastrophic jökulhlaup (glacial outburst flood). Furthermore, volcanic risk mitigation efforts in Þórsmörk were based solely on information derived from physical investigations of volcanic hazards. They did not consider the human dimension of risk. In order to address this gap and provide support to current risk mitigation efforts, questionnaire surveys were used to investigate tourists' and tourism employees' hazard knowledge, risk perception, adoption of personal preparedness measures, predicted behaviour if faced with a Katla eruption and views on education.Results indicate that tourists lack hazard knowledge and they do not adopt preparedness measures to deal with the consequences of an eruption. Despite a high level of risk perception, tourism employees lack knowledge about the early warning system and emergency response procedures. Results show that tourists are positive about receiving information concerning Katla and its hazards and therefore, the reticence of tourism employees with respect to disseminating hazard information is unjustified.In order to improve the tourism sector's collective capacity to positively respond during a future eruption, recommendations are made to ensure adequate dissemination of hazard, risk and emergency response information. Most importantly education campaigns should focus on: (a) increasing tourists' knowledge of Katla, jökulhlaup and other volcanic hazards and (b) increasing tourist and employee awareness of the early warning and information system and appropriate behavioural response if a warning is issued. Further, tourism employees should be required to participate in emergency training and evacuation exercises annually. These efforts are timely given that Katla is expected to erupt in the near future and international tourism is an expanding industry in Þórsmörk. 相似文献
12.
Debra J. Enzenbacher 《Marine pollution bulletin》1992,25(9-12):258-265
Increasing numbers of tourists are visiting the Antarctic. Totals from the past three seasons (1989–1990, 1990–1991, 1991–1992) were 2581, 4842, and 6495 respectively (Enzenbacher, 1992). Some environmental issues arising from Antarctic tourist activity include: wildlife tolerance, waste disposal, passenger education, tour operator management practices, personnel experience, frequency of visits and ship design. Current guidelines provide a practical approach to tourism, but do not address all issues arising from tourist activity. Antarctic Treaty Parties agreed to examine the question of a comprehensive regulation of tourist activities in the Antarctic Treaty Area and policies are under review. Some issues may prove difficult to resolve. Compliance with existing guidelines is to be encouraged, at least until more is known about the environmental effects of tourism. A management plan for tourism is needed along with more research on how tourism is conducted and the effects visits have on Antarctica's marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Cooperation between Treaty Parties and tour operators is important for the development of appropriate tourism regulations. 相似文献
13.
With increasing urbanization and agricultural expansion, large tracts of wetlands have been either disturbed or converted to other uses. To protect wetlands, accurate distribution maps are needed. However, because of the dramatic diversity of wetlands and difficulties in field work, wetland mapping on a large spatial scale is very difficult to do. Until recently there were only a few high resolution global wetland distribution datasets developed for wetland protection and restoration. In this paper, we used hydrologic and climatic variables in combination with Compound Topographic Index(CTI) data in modeling the average annual water table depth at 30 arc-second grids over the continental areas of the world except for Antarctica. The water table depth data were modeled without considering influences of anthropogenic activities. We adopted a relationship between potential wetland distribution and water table depth to develop the global wetland suitability distribution dataset. The modeling results showed that the total area of global wetland reached 3.316×107 km2. Remote-sensing-based validation based on a compilation of wetland areas from multiple sources indicates that the overall accuracy of our product is 83.7%. This result can be used as the basis for mapping the actual global wetland distribution. Because the modeling process did not account for the impact of anthropogenic water management such as irrigation and reservoir construction over suitable wetland areas, our result represents the upper bound of wetland areas when compared with some other global wetland datasets. Our method requires relatively fewer datasets and has a higher accuracy than a recently developed global wetland dataset. 相似文献
14.
WebGIS应用现状及发展趋势 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
WebGIS系统出现至今,我国在理论和应用等方面做了许多探索．但限于条件．目前仍处于试验阶段,至今尚无真正意义上的WebGIS应用实例。为了促进WebGIS的应用进程,有必要对这些年研究和探索的成果作一个总结。在大量浏览近几年登载在国内各类媒体上的有关学术论、研究报告、学位论以及应用实例的基础上．概括了WebGIS的主要特点．总结了WebGIS的关键问题和实现技术,并着重介绍了目前WebGIS在农业、林业、气象、水利、地震、海洋、国土资源、环境保护、铁路交通、电力、城市建设和规划等社会各个领域的应用现状．最后对WebGIS的发展趋势进行了探讨。研究结果表明．作为开放性的应用平台．WebGIS在我国的应用前景非常广阔。 相似文献
15.
广西红树林湿地现状与生态保护的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
红树林湿地是湿地系统中的非常重要而又较为特殊的组成部分。广西是我国几个有红树林湿地的省区之一,然而由于人类的经济活动及人类对湿地认识的片面性,对湿地的不合理的开发利用,湿地遭受破坏,功能和效益在衰退,如再不进行科学保护,将严重危及红树林湿地生物的生存,制约红树林湿地周边社会经济的发展和人民生活的提高。 相似文献
16.
Wetlands in the coastal catchments adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon play an important role in local hydrological processes and provide important ecological habitats for terrestrial and aquatic species. Although many wetlands have been removed or degraded by agricultural expansion, there is now great interest in their protection and restoration as important aquatic ecosystems and potential filters of pollutant runoff. However, the filtering capacity of tropical wetlands is largely unknown, so the current study was established to quantify the water, sediment and nutrient balance of a natural riverine wetland in tropical north Queensland. Surface and groundwater fluxes of water, sediment and nutrients into and out of the wetland were monitored for a 3‐year period. This paper focuses on the water balance of this natural wetland and a companion paper presents its sediment and nutrient balance and estimates of water quality filtering. Wetland inflows and outflows were dominated by surface flows which varied by 3–4 orders of magnitude through the course of the year, with 90% of the annual flow occurring during the period January to March. Although groundwater inputs to the wetland were only 5% of the annual water balance, they are very important to sustaining the wetland during the dry season, when they can be the largest input of water (up to 90%). Water retention times in this type of wetland are very short, particularly when most of the flow and any associated materials are passing through it (i.e. 1–2 h), so there is little time to filter most of the annual flux of water through this wetland. Longer retention times occur at the end of the dry season (up to 8·5 days); but this is when the lowest fluxes of water pass through the wetland. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
依托长江黄金水道推动长江经济带发展是国家重大战略举措,如何解读"坚持生态优先、绿色发展"、"共抓大保护、不搞大开发"的理念,是长江经济带发展需要破解的重大命题.本文针对长江经济带发展的难点地区——长江上游地区,提出设立"长江上游经济带经济体制和生态文明体制综合改革试验区"的设想,认为应着眼于体制变革和机制创新,以依托黄金水道推动长江经济带发展为目标,以梯级水电开发为抓手,以深化区域综合配套改革为根本动力,给予地方政府在资源、环境、经济社会发展等领域中更大的自主权.本文分析了设置试验区的战略意义和定位,提出了该试验区的重点创新内容. 相似文献
18.
Wetlands of Northeast Asia and High Asia: an overview 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Shuqing An Ziqiang Tian Ying Cai Teng Wen Delin Xu Hao Jiang Zhigang Yao Baohua Guan Sheng Sheng Yan Ouyang Xiaoli Cheng 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2013,75(1):63-71
This review reports background information on wetlands in the Northeast Asia and High Asia areas, including wetland coverage and type, significance for local populations, and threats to their vitality and protection, with particular focus on the relationship of how global change influenced wetlands. Natural wetlands in these areas have been greatly depleted and degraded, largely due to global climate change, drainage and conversion to agriculture and silviculture, hydrologic alterations, exotics invasions, and misguided management policies. Global warming has caused wetland and ice-sheet loss in High Asia and permafrost thawing in tundra wetlands in Northeast Asia, and hence induced enormous reductions in water-storage sources in High Asia and carbon loss in Northeast Asia. This, in the long term, will exacerbate chronic water shortage and positively feed back global warming. Recently, better understanding of the vital role of healthy wetland ecosystems to Asia’s sustainable economic development has led to major efforts in wetland conservation and restoration. Nonetheless, collaborative efforts to restore and protect the wetlands must involve not only the countries of Northeast and High Asia but also international agencies. Research has been productive but the results should be more effectively integrated with policy-making and wetland restoration practices under future climatic scenarios. 相似文献
19.
Modeling determinants of urban growth in Dongguan,China: a spatial logistic approach 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Felix H. F. Liao Y. H. Dennis Wei 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2014,28(4):801-816
This paper examines spatial variations of urban growth patterns in Chinese cities through a case study of Dongguan, a rapidly industrializing city characterized by a bottom-up pattern of development based on townships. We have employed both non-spatial and spatial logistic regression models to analyze urban land conversion. The non-spatial logistic regression has found the significance of accessibility, neighborhood conditions and socioeconomic factors for urban development. The logistic regression with spatially expanded coefficients significantly improves the orthodoxy logistic regression with lower levels of spatial autocorrelation of residuals and better goodness-of-fit. More importantly, the spatial logistic model reveals the spatially varying relationship between urban growth and its underlying factors, particularly the local influence of environment protection and urban development policies. The results of the spatial logistic model also provide clear clues for assessing environmental risks to take the local contexts into account. 相似文献