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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2017,(6)
邦铺Mo-Cu-Pb-Zn矿床位于冈底斯斑岩铜矿带东段北侧,由斑岩型Mo-Cu热液成矿作用和夕卡岩型Pb-Zn接触交代成矿作用组成。为反演斑岩-夕卡岩成矿环境的变化,探讨成矿元素沉淀机制,本文选取斑岩矿区成矿二长花岗斑岩进行锆石微量元素分析,夕卡岩矿物进行电子探针成分分析。结果显示,二长花岗斑岩锆石稀土总量为852.21×10~(-6)~2368.54×10~(-6),具有亏损LREE并逐步富集HREE的左倾配分模式;锆石的结晶温度为677.52~868.09℃,氧逸度为ΔFMQ+1.2~ΔFMQ+7.3。夕卡岩Pb-Zn矿区具有标准的钙夕卡岩矿物组合,石榴子石端元组分以钙铁榴石和钙铝榴石为主,辉石属钙铁辉石,绿泥石主要为密绿泥石。研究说明,邦铺成矿斑岩形成于高的氧逸度环境中,氧化性的长英质岩浆与斑岩型Mo矿化之间存在内在成因联系;整个夕卡岩成矿环境从碱性、氧化向酸性、还原转变,氧化还原状态的变化控制了金属的沉淀。 相似文献
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江西焦里夕卡岩银铅锌钨矿床的矿化夕卡岩分带和流体演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江西上犹焦里夕卡岩银多金属矿床产于燕山期花岗闪长岩和上寒武统变质砂岩、粉砂岩和结晶灰岩的外接触带。矿床的矿化夕卡岩分带十分明显,自岩体接触带向东和向上,夕卡岩类型、矿物成分和矿石类型依次发生变化,由含白钨矿(伴有银铅锌矿)的钙夕卡岩演变为含银铅锌(钨)矿的锰质夕卡岩。前者主要由钙铝榴石、钙铁辉石、透辉石、硅灰石、萤石和白钨矿等组成;后者则由锰质钙铝榴石、锰铝榴石、锰质钙铁辉石、锰质透辉石、钙蔷薇辉石、锰质符山石和锰质阳起石组成,伴有闪锌矿、方铅矿、磁黄铁矿、辉银矿、自然银和少量白钨矿。流体包裹体研究表明,自岩体接触带往围岩方向,流体的温度呈现逐渐降低、盐度逐渐减小、密度值逐渐变高的演化趋势。其中,含钨钙夕卡岩的均一温度峰值区为420～340℃,盐度(NaCleq)12．7％～8％;含银铅锌锰质夕卡岩的温度峰值区为360～320℃,盐度(NaCleq)11．7％～4．5％;而晚期含矿退化热液阶段石英、萤石等交代矿物的均一温度范围较宽(380～160℃),反映了夕卡岩期后酸性淋滤阶段金属硫化物形成温度。矿化夕卡岩分带是银多金属矿床的重要找矿标志。 相似文献
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丁家山铅锌矿床位于梅仙矿田东南部，矿区内普遍发育石榴子石、辉石、绿帘石等脉石矿物，为探讨该矿床成因，对该矿床脉石矿物进行了电子探针、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)原位U-Pb定年和微量元素分析。结果表明，石榴子石主要为钙铁-钙铝榴石固溶体系列，含有少量的锰铝榴石和铁铝榴石；辉石为透辉石-钙铁辉石-钙锰辉石固溶体系列；绿帘石族矿物属于绿帘石范畴。石榴子石的206Pb/238U下交点年龄为143.7 Ma,与成矿花岗岩年龄接近。依据石榴子石原位微量元素特征差异及Eu异常将石榴子石分为钙铁榴石(I型)和钙铁-钙铝榴石(II型)两类。钙铁榴石整体呈现轻稀土富集，重稀土亏损的稀土配分模式，I-1型钙铁榴石Eu具有明显的负异常，I-2型钙铁榴石Eu具有明显的正异常；钙铁-钙铝榴石整体呈现重稀土富集，轻稀土亏损的稀土配分模式，II-1型钙铁-钙铝榴石Eu具有明显的负异常，II-2型钙铁-钙铝榴石Eu具有明显的正异常。上述特征表明，石榴子石核部环境为弱氧化-弱还原，边部为氧化环境。综合地质学、矿物学、地质年代学数据以及地球化学特征，本文认... 相似文献
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金船塘锡铋矿床是东坡矿田内一以锡铋为主的大型矽卡岩型多金属矿床,迄今为止对其矽卡岩矿物学特征的系统研究较少。本文以金船塘锡铋矿床主要矽卡岩矿物为研究对象,利用电子探针技术对该矿矽卡岩矿物学特征进行了研究。电子探针分析结果表明:金船塘锡铋矿床的矽卡岩中的石榴子石主要为钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石系列,含少量的锰铝榴石,辉石为透辉石-钙铁辉石系列,角闪石主要为铁镁钙闪石,其次为钙镁闪石、阳起石和透闪石,表明该区的矽卡岩为钙质矽卡岩,含少量的锰质矽卡岩。同时,根据矽卡岩矿物学特征的研究,笔者进一步探讨了该矿床锡石的沉淀机制:早期矽卡岩阶段的氧逸度较高,Sn主要以Sn4+的形式替代Fe3+存在于石榴子石中,而在晚期矽卡岩阶段由于氧逸度的降低,Sn主要以Sn2+的形式呈氯的络合物在流体中迁移,由于流体的温度、盐度、pH和氧逸度的变化,Sn2+被氧化成Sn4+,导致锡石沉淀。 相似文献
6.
黑龙江省三矿沟夕卡岩型铁铜矿床矿物学特征及成矿物理化学条件 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黑龙江三矿沟铁铜矿床位于大兴安岭北段多宝山矿集区,矿体产于燕山期侵入岩与奥陶系多宝山组大理岩接触带的夕卡岩内。根据矿物共生组合及交代关系,确定热液成矿过程包括夕卡岩阶段、退夕卡岩阶段和石英硫化物阶段。铁矿化主要发生在退夕卡岩阶段,形成磁铁矿、镜铁矿等铁氧化物,呈浸染状、条带状、块状产于钙铁榴石夕卡岩中。铜矿化主要发生在石英硫化物阶段,形成黄铜矿、斑铜矿等硫化物,交代早期矿物。电子探针分析等研究表明,三矿沟铁铜矿床发育钙质夕卡岩矿物组合,其石榴子石主要为钙铝榴石和钙铁榴石,辉石为透辉石钙铁辉石系列,角闪石属于钙角闪石系列,绿泥石属于I型三八面体富铁绿泥石。石榴子石有3种类型：早期自形粗粒的钙铝榴石(Grt-Ia)和钙铁榴石(Grt-Ib),以及晚期呈脉状产出的钙铁榴石(Grt-Ⅱ)。夕卡岩阶段成矿流体具有高温、弱酸性、高氧逸度的特征;退夕卡岩阶段流体温度降低,pH升高,形成大量铁氧化物;石英硫化物阶段流体温度和氧逸度降低,金属硫化物沉淀。 相似文献
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辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿区金伯利岩中的石榴石一直被当作镁铝榴石。为了确定矿区颜色复杂的石榴石种类,本文对矿区的石榴石进行了系统的采样分析,测定了112件石榴石样品的晶胞参数、50件样品的微区化学成分和40件样品的红外光谱。利用石榴石晶胞参数、红外光谱、化学成分和化学分子式方法对矿区石榴石进行分类,结果显示:晶胞参数分类法误差大,容易得出错误结论;红外图谱分类法准确度不高,只能作为参考方法;化学成分分类法太过笼统,达不到详细划分石榴石种类的目的;化学分子式分类法可把矿区的石榴石详细划分6个矿种:镁钙铁-铝铬铁榴石、镁铁钙-铝铬铁榴石、镁钙铁-铝铬榴石、镁钙-铝铬铁镁榴石、镁铁钙-铝铬榴石、镁铁钙-铝铁铬榴石,每种石榴石都充分反映了A、B离子的种类及占位特征,是4种分类方法中最为科学的方法。研究认为瓦房店金刚石矿区金伯利岩中石榴石A端元成分以Mg2+离子占位为主;B端元成分以Al3+离子占位为主。由于阳离子替代普遍,A、B端元成分复杂,瓦房店金伯利岩中不存在单纯意义上的镁铝榴石。 相似文献
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吉林正岔铅锌矿床是与燕山期花岗斑岩有关的夕卡岩铅锌矿床。夕卡岩顺层产于集安群荒岔沟组含石墨变质岩系的大理岩中。铅锌矿化叠加在夕卡岩之上。矿石的矿物成分复杂，金属矿物除方铅矿，闪锌矿，黄铜矿，磁黄铁矿，黄铁矿之外，还有少量自然铋，碲银矿，钴镍贡铁矿。脉石矿物主要是透辉石－钙铁辉石，钙铝榴石－钙铁榴石，符山石，绿帘石，石英，方解石等。矿床发育有透辉石－石榴石，钙铁辉石－石榴石－符山石，磁黄铁矿－闪锌矿 相似文献
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为进一步查明黄岗锡铁矿矿床成因、夕卡岩矿物成分与金属矿化类型之间的联系,利用电子探针对研究区主要夕卡岩矿物的化学成分进行了详细的分析。测试结果表明,成矿早期石榴石的端员组分以钙铁榴石为主,主成矿期石榴石的端员组分以钙铝榴石为主;辉石端员组分变化较大,主要为透辉石和钙铁辉石。石榴石和辉石的矿物组分分别为Adr28.69～96.44Grs2.00～67.38(Prp+Sps)0.67～5.69和Di11.8～94.12Hd4.08～81.28Jo1.79～20.02,其较大的成分变化特征反映出夕卡岩不是在一个完全封闭的平衡条件下形成的。角闪石大多为镁铁钙角闪石,个别属于铁角闪石,成分变化较大的原因可能是由于氧化还原条件改变导致不同程度的AlⅥSi←→(Na,K)的置换作用,属于一种固相线下的转变。角闪石中四次配位的Si、Al及六次配位的Al、Ti和A位置的阳离子数变化范围很大,可能是由于接触交代作用过程中岩浆的成分差异或结晶时的物理化学条件改变所引起的。富锰的辉石夕卡岩是岩浆流体顺层间破碎带渗滤交代形成的,富锰辉石可作为本区寻找Sn、Cu、Zn等多金属的找矿标志,外接触带夕卡岩和其附近的大理岩中是多金属成矿的有利部位。 相似文献
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The compositions of more than 300 granets and pyroxenes from 14 contact-metasomatic calcic skarn deposits and calcic-magnesia
skarn skarn deposits in China have been examined using electron microprobe technique. The compositions of garnets and pyroxenes
from a wide variety of ore types represent ten major classes of calcic skarn deposits (Fe, Fe-Cu, Pb-Zn,W, Sn, Sn-Mo-Bi-W,
W-Bi-Cu-Mo, Cu-Zn and W-Zn-Cu) and three major classes of calcic-magnesia skarn deposits (Fe-Cu, Mo, Pb-Zn). Garnets and pyroxenes
show a wide range of variation in composition, but the majority of garnets are grossular-andradite solid solutions containing
less than 15 mol% (spessartine + almandine + pyrope), whereas most pyroxenes are diopside-hedenbergite solid solutions containing
less than 5 mol% johannesenile. Some pyroxenes from a Pb-Zn calcic-magnesia skarn deposit display an increase in Mn content.
Only Sn-W calcic skarn deposits and Pb-Zn calcic-magnesia skarn deposits contain garnets with more than 15 mol% (spessartine
+ almandine + pyrope). Some relationships have been established between the compositions of garnets and pyroxenes and the
metallization types of economically important metals in skarn deposits. 相似文献
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广西拉么Zn—Cu矿床中夕卡岩的主要矿物特点与Ca—Fe—Si—C—O体系T—lgfO2图解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用电子探针数据研究了该矿床中主要夕卡岩矿物特点及其变化规律。采用理想结晶溶液固溶体位置混合模式,计算了石榴子石和辉石矿物对中钙铁榴石和钙铁辉石的摩尔分数。在计算纯固相和流体相参加的反应抵达平衡时的边界方程中,加上理想结晶固溶体中端元组分摩尔分数的修正项后,我们便可以计算出有纯固相、流体相和理想结晶溶液固溶体参加反应的在给定T、P条件下的lgfo_2值。计算结果表明:无变度点4周围的Hed+And+Wol组合对本矿区具有重要的地质地球化学意义。 相似文献
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对柿竹园矽卡岩成因及其成矿作用的新认识 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文将报导柿竹园Ｗ，Ｓｎ，Ｍｏ，Ｂｉ矿床中矽卡岩矿物－石榴子石和辉石成分和石榴子石中熔融包裹体研究结果，对不同中段的１６块矽卡岩样品（９４％的标本采自第Ⅲ矿带）中的石榴子石和辉石进行了电子探针分析，共获得２３０个测点的数据，此外，还对上述中段大部分样品里的石榴子石和辉石进行了从边部到核心成分测定，共获得１３个样品的９７个测点数据，研究结果表明，绝大多数石榴子石属于含Ａｌｍ＋Ｓｐｓ＋Ｐｙｒ〈１３％（ 相似文献
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A newly identified skarn occurrence is described from the Neoproterozoic rocks of the SW Arabian shield. It is exposed to the SE, E and NE of the Al-Madhiq town. The skarn attributes correspond to those typical of the calcic skarns that host W-deposits. It is characterized as an exoskarn of the proximal type, related to a granitoid contact close to an impure quartzite bed within the regional metamorphic rocks of mixed sedimentary and volcanic derivation. The skarn is localized along a shear zone parallel to the regional faults and other major shear zones. Samples from the studied area contain characteristic skarn minerals that include both the prograde (brownish red grossular, ferrosalite, aluminian titanite-grothite, albite-oligoclase, scapolite), and retrograde (epidote, quartz, hornblende, calcite) assemblages. The pyroxenes are ferrosalites, Mn-bearing, and more like those from “oxidized” skarns; although garnets indicate it to be a “reduced” type skarn. Epidote mimicks that from typical skarns, as it bears a pistacite content of 15.9–20.7%. Grossular composition reflects a largely reduced genetic environment; as it is in solid solution with 6.5–21.6% andradite, 0–0.15% uvarovite, 0–0.47% pyrope, 4.33–18.75% almandine, and 0.4–8.58% spessartine molecules. Titanite composition varies from aluminian titanite to grothite, that may be analogous to the newly described Al-rich titanite from the low-pressure calc-silicate rocks. 相似文献
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湖南宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床矿物学特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床位于我国南岭成矿带中段北缘,是南岭成矿带中的重要类型之一。宝山矿床具有明显的水平分带性,即以花岗闪长斑岩为中心的铜钼矿化,周边是铅锌银矿化。本文通过对宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床中的石榴子石、透辉石、黄铁矿、闪锌矿等矿物进行矿物学研究及电子探针测试分析,归纳总结出：宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床成矿期次为矽卡岩阶段、退变质与氧化物阶段、硫化物阶段;矿床石榴石端员组分总体以钙铁榴石（23.48%~90.39%）为主,其次为钙铝榴石（5.81%~71.27%）;辉石的成分端员以透辉石（Di61-95）为主,石榴子石成分和透辉石组分与世界上典型矽卡岩型铜矿的石榴子石和透辉石组分十分相似,属于典型的矽卡岩型铜矿床。从宝山铜铅锌多金属矿床硫化物中黄铁矿、闪锌矿矿物成分组成可以看出,该矿床硫化物为岩浆热液成因,并呈现出北东向比南西向成矿温度高的特征。 相似文献
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R. Newberry 《Mineralium Deposita》1987,22(3):207-215
The polymetallic Pb-Zn-Ag-W-Cu-Au skarn and vein ores of the Darwin area, California, represent a metal association not common in skarn deposits. Detailed and regional geologic mapping combined with modal and chemical analyses of igneous rocks and electron microprobe and assay studies of calc-silicate rocks shows that there are three separate mineralizing systems which have been superimposed by structural and intrusive events. Scheelite-bearing skarns are associated with the alkaline Darwin stock; small Cu±Au skarns are adjacent to sheared (thrust-emplaced) granite-granodiorite masses; and Pb-Zn-Ag vein skarns are zoned around small granite porphyry dikes and plugs. Calc-silicate mineral compositions are also indicative of three different mineralization systems: W-skarns have high Fe pyroxenes and moderate Fe garnets; Cu-skarns have low Fe-pyroxenes and high Fe-garnets; and Pb-Zn skarns have high-Mn pyroxenes and garnets (patterns seen in other skarn deposits). Vein ores contain metals compatible with the subjacent skarns and apparently represent lower-temperature remobilization of skarn ores. 相似文献
17.
The i.r. spectrum of 13 analyzed garnets of the pyralspite group has been investigated in the 1400-200 cm–1 region, and correlations have been found between the spectrum and the chemical composition. The results include: typical features in the spectrum of the end-members pyrope, almandine and spessartine; relationships between the spectrum and the pyrope percentage in pyrope-almandine solid solutions; and the influence of the CaO (grossularite) amount on the shape of the low-frequency absorption bands. These data allow a semiquantitative determination of the pyrope percentage in pyrope-almandine solid solutions. 相似文献
18.
《Chemical Geology》2006,225(3-4):336-346
We present results of high temperature, high pressure atomistic simulations aimed at determining the thermodynamic mixing properties of key binary garnet solid solutions. Computations cover the pressure range 0–15 GPa and the temperature range 0–2000 K. Through a combination of Monte-Carlo and lattice-dynamics calculations, we derive thermodynamic mixing properties for garnets with compositions along the pyrope–almandine and pyrope–grossular joins, and compare these with existing experimental data. Across the pressure–temperature range considered, simulations show virtually ideal mixing behaviour in garnet on the pyrope–almandine join, while large excess volumes and enthalpies of mixing are predicted for garnet along the pyrope–grossular join. Excess heat capacities and entropies are also examined. These simulations shed additional light on the link between the behaviour at the atomic level and macroscopic thermodynamic properties: we illustrate the importance of certain atomistic Ca–Mg contacts in the pyrope–grossular solid solutions. For simulation techniques of this type to become sufficiently accurate for direct use in geological applications such as geothermobarometry, there is an urgent need for improved experimental determinations of several key quantities, such as the enthalpies of mixing along both joins. 相似文献
19.
Anastasia Chopelas 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(6):363-376
Raman and infrared spectroscopic data at ambient and high pressures were used to compute the lattice contribution to the heat capacities and entropies of six endmember garnets: pyrope, almandine, spessartine, grossular, andradite and uvarovite. Electronic, configurational and magnetic contributions are obtained from comparing available calorimetric data to the computed lattice contributions. For garnets with entropy in excess of the computed lattice contribution, the overwhelming majority is found in the subambient temperature regime. At room temperature, the non-lattice entropy is approximately 11.5 J/mol-K for pyrope, 49 J/mol-K for almandine, and 19 J/mol-K for andradite. The non-lattice entropy for pyrope and some for almandine cannot be accounted for by magnetic or electronic contributions and is likely to be configurational in nature. Estimates of low temperature non-lattice entropies for both spessartine and uvarovite are made in absence of calorimetric measurements and are based on low temperature calorimetry of other minerals containing the Mn2+ and Cr3+ cations as well as on solid solution garnets containing these cations. The estimate for uvarovite non-lattice entropy is approximately 18 J/mol-K, while for spessartine, approximately 45 J/mol-K. Neither of these cations is expected to provide electronic contributions to the entropy. For both iron-bearing garnets, a small electronic or magnetic entropy contribution continues above ambient temperatures. High pressure data on pyrope, grossular and andradite permit calculation of the thermodynamic parameters at high pressures, which are important for computation of processes in the Earth’s mantle. Thermal expansion coefficients of these materials were found to be 1.6, 1.5, 1.6×10−5 K−1 at 298 K, respectively, using a Maxwell relation. These closely match the literature values at ambient conditions. 相似文献