共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
长江口泥质区的季节性沉积效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1IntroductionThe continental shelf of the East China Sea (ECS) is one of the widest shelves in the world. There are several mud areas distributing like patches on a background of widespread coarser ambient sediments of silt and sand on the continental shelf of the ECS. The coastal mud area can be divided into two parts, namely, the Changjiang Estuary mud area (CEMA) in the north and Zhejiang coastal mud area in the south. Between these two parts there is a silt area (Figure 1). The CE… 相似文献
2.
长江口泥质区的季节性沉积效应 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：27
利用长江口泥质区及其邻近海域夏季和冬季的悬浮体、温度和盐度资料,就长江口泥质区悬浮体的季节性分布和沉积效应进行探讨。由于台湾暖流的强烈阻隔作用,夏季和冬季长江入海的泥沙基本滞留在123o15'E以西的内陆架进行搬运和沉积。长江入海沉积物供应量、台湾暖流、浙江沿岸流和长江冲淡水具有明显的季节性变化规律,致使长江口泥质区的沉积效应具有强烈的季节性,冬季沉积作用弱,夏季沉积作用强。该泥质区是长江入海沉积物的“汇聚区”,其中冬季的沉积物汇聚量显著小于夏季。长江口泥质区和济州岛西南泥质区的沉积过程变化都具有季节性,但有其各自的鲜明特色。 相似文献
3.
长江口潮滩有机质稳定碳同位素时空分布与来源分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过测定长江口潮滩悬浮颗粒有机质和表层沉积有机质在枯水季节 (2006年2月 )和洪水季节 (2006年8月 )的稳定碳同位素值,对有机质潜在来源及局部岸段改造作用进行了分析。结果显示,悬浮颗粒有机质稳定碳同位素值在2月明显低于8月,变化范围分别在-25.8‰~-23.4‰和-25.1‰~-22.9‰,主要是受径流量枯洪季变化和浮游生物生长季节变化两种因素的叠加作用。表层沉积有机质2月和8月的稳定碳同位素分别为-25.0‰~-20.4‰和-24.7‰~-19.5‰,季节变化不明显,主要来自悬浮颗粒物的沉降。除受大背景环境因素影响,局部环境对潮滩有机质也有一定的改造作用,污水、支流河水的输入对悬浮颗粒有机质碳同位素有一定的影响,埋藏的潮滩植物和底栖微藻则对沉积有机质有部分贡献。 相似文献
4.
长江口外海域沉积物中有机物的来源及分布 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过分析长江口外海域不同区域有机碳和氮的分布特征及其影响因素,了解了底部沉 积物中有机碳和氮同位素的生物地球化学特征,探讨二者对长江口外海域底部沉积物中有机 物来源的指示意义。运用质量混合模型,计算了长江输入的陆源有机物的贡献及其空间变化。结果表明,长江口外海域沉积物中TOC 和TN 的分布和东海陆架的环流体系有着密切关系, 与环流的分布相对应,如果大致沿31oN 和123oE 作为分界线, 整个研究区的TOC 和TN 的分布可划分为4 个具有不同分布特征的区域。TOC、TN、δ13C 和δ15N 分别与沉积物的平均粒 径呈线性相关关系,因此,粒度效应是控制长江口外海域沉积物中有机物分布和稳定同位素 碳、氮的一个重要因素。研究区内的C/N 比值能够在一定程度上体现有机物的来源信息,但δ15N 表现出了与C/N 和δ13C 不同的区域分布和变化特征。陆源有机物来源比重较高的区域与 长江口外海域赤潮突发频率最高的地区相对应。长江口附近沉积物中的陆源有机物来源最高, 超过了50%,且等值线呈舌状向东北方向凸出,表明了长江冲淡水的影响。陆源颗粒态有机物沉海底后,要不断经历早期成岩作用和生物作用,因此在在相同地点,陆源有机物对沉积物中有机物的贡献,要明显小于对悬浮颗粒态有机物的贡献。 相似文献
5.
长江口水沙入海通量的观测与分析 总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31
在长江口用声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCP）进行走航式断面观测,结果表明,采集水样获取的悬沙浓度与ADCP记录的声学信号（后向散射强度）之间存在显著相关关系,因此可据ADCP声学数据获得沿观测断面的高时空分辨率的悬沙浓度剖面。分析结果表明．在徐六泾附近断面以往复流占优势．大潮期间单位时间最大水、悬沙通量值出现于涨潮期．落潮历时较长．落潮期水、悬沙通量分别大于涨潮期水、悬沙通量,净通量向海。长江口南槽拦门沙外侧主要为旋转流．涨潮期间内的水、悬沙通量均分别大于落潮期间的水、悬沙通量。2003年11月12日的观测结果表明．潮周期内通过徐六泾断面向海输运的水与悬沙通量分别为10^9m^3和10^8kg量级：径流量与悬沙输运率分别为10^4m^3／s和10^3kg／s量级。1998年以来徐六泾ADCP流量观测数据与同时间的大通径流量之间存在着显著的相关关系．故可由大通径流量估算徐六泾径流量。作为长江人海径流量．以作为历史资料整编的一种手段。结果表明,长江人海年径流总量略大于大通年径流总量：而在枯水期间人海径流量小于大通径流量。 相似文献
6.
长江口水域悬沙浓度时空变化与泥沙再悬浮 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
根据近年来长江河口及其邻近水域8个测站1年的表层悬沙浓度逐日观测资料,并结合水动力状况,对悬沙浓度的时空变化进行了分析。结果发现,长江口自徐六泾以下悬沙浓度不断增高,并呈现口内夏高冬低,而口外冬高夏低,且量值为口外大于口内,杭州湾大于长江口。表明长江入海泥沙在海洋动力作用下强烈再悬浮;悬沙浓度在时间上呈现明显的大小潮周期和季节性变化。进一步分析认为,海洋动力 (风浪和潮流) 是泥沙再悬浮的主导因素,制约悬沙浓度的年内变化,其中潮流控制悬沙浓度的大小潮周期变化,风浪引起悬沙浓度的季节性变化,河流径流和海洋动力的对比制约悬沙浓度的空间分布。 相似文献
7.
长江河口悬浮泥沙的混合过程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据准同步观测的悬浮泥沙及表层沉积物粒度、流速、含沙量资料, 分析了长江口及临近海域悬浮泥沙在河口的混合过程。长江河口-陆架系统悬浮泥沙中值粒径呈现“细-粗-细”的变化规律, 河口上段悬浮泥沙中值粒径为8.9 μm, 拦门沙海域为10.5 μm, 陆架区为4.5 μm, 北支为9.9 μm, 杭州湾口为5.6 μm, 泥沙类型为粘土质粉砂。河口上段和陆架区悬浮泥沙与表层沉积物的垂向混合作用较弱, 拦门沙区域二者发生强烈的混合和交换, 悬浮泥沙在由长江河口向陆架系统输移过程中仅有表层泥沙保留了流域输入的泥沙粒度特征。长江口悬浮泥沙中值粒径与含沙量呈良好的正相关关系, 水流的剪切作用是引起拦门沙海域泥沙再悬浮、近底高含沙量和悬浮泥沙粒径增加的主要原因, 悬浮泥沙粒径和含沙量的增加主要由粉砂组分的增加引起。2007 年长江河口区范围内悬浮泥沙中值粒径比2003 年普遍减小11％, 含沙量比2003 年减小22%, 河口上段含沙量对流域来沙减少的响应最为敏感, 而拦门沙区的泥沙粒径对流域来沙减少的响应最敏感。在长江流域来沙量减少的背景下, 河口拦门沙区域仍能维持较高的含沙量, 主要缘于河口系统内部的供沙 相似文献
8.
长江河口最大浑浊带水沙输运机制分析 总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33
本文根据大量的实测资料，运用机理的分析方法，讨论了长江口最大浑浊带中各输沙项的作用。结果表明，平均流输沙、斯托克斯漂流效应、潮汐捕集以及垂向不流是净输沙的主要部分。 相似文献
9.
Groundwater control on the suspended sediment load in the Na Borges River, Mallorca, Spain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Groundwater dominance has important effects on the hydrological and geomorphological characteristics of river systems. Low suspended sediment concentrations and high water clarity are expected because significant inputs of sediment-free spring water dilute the suspended sediment generated by storms. However, in many Mediterranean rivers, groundwater dominance is characterised by seasonal alternations of influent and effluent discharge involving significant variability on the sediment transport regimes. Such areas are often subject to soil and water conservation practices over the centuries that have reduced the sediment contribution from agricultural fields and favour subsurface flow to rivers. Moreover, urbanisation during the twentieth century has changed the catchment hydrology and altered basic river processes due to its ‘flashy’ regime. In this context, we monitored suspended sediment fluxes during a two-year period in the Na Borges River, a lowland agricultural catchment (319 km2) on the island of Mallorca (Balearic Islands). The suspended sediment concentration (SSC) was lower when the base flow index (i.e., relative proportion of baseflow compared to stormflow, BFI) was higher. Therefore, strong seasonal contrasts explain the high SSC coefficient of variation, which is clearly related to dilution effects associated with different groundwater and surface water seasonal interactions. A lack of correlation in the Q-SSC rating curves shows that factors other than discharge control sediment transport. As a result, at the event scale, multiple regressions illustrate that groundwater and surface water interactions are involved in the sedimentary response of flood events. In the winter, the stability of baseflow driven by groundwater contributions and agricultural and urban spills causes hydraulic variables (i.e., maximum discharge) to exert the most important control on events, whereas in the summer, it is necessary to accumulate important volumes of rainfall, creating a minimum of wet conditions in the catchment to activate hydrological pathways and deliver sediment to the drainage network. The BFI is also related to sediment delivery processes, as the loads are higher with lower BFI, corroborating the fact that most sediment movement is caused by stormflow and its related factors. Overall, suspended sediment yields were very low (i.e., < 1 t km− 2 yr− 1) at all measuring sites. Such values are the consequence of the limited sediment delivery attributable to soil conservation practices, low surface runoff coefficients and specific geomorphic features of groundwater-dominated rivers, such as low drainage density, low gradient, steep valley walls and flat valley floors. 相似文献
10.
A detailed analysis of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) variations over a year period is presented using the data from 8 stations in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters, together with a discussion of the hydrodynamic regimes of the estuary. Spatially, the SSC from Xuliujing downwards to Hangzhou Bay increases almost constantly, and the suspended sediment in the inner estuary shows higher concentration in summer than in winter, while in the outer estuary it shows higher concentration in winter than in summer, and the magnitude is greater in the outer estuary than in the inner estuary, greater in the Hangzhou Bay than in the Yangtze River estuary. The sediments discharged by the Yangtze River into the sea are resuspended by marine dynamics included tidal currents and wind waves. Temporally, the SSC shows a pronounced neap-spring tidal cycle and seasonal variations. Furthermore, through the analysis of dynamic mechanism, it is concluded that wave and tidal current are two predominant factors of sediment resuspension and control the distribution and changes of SSC, in which tidal currents control neap-spring tidal cycles, and wind waves control seasonal variations. The ratio between river discharge and marine dynamics controls spatial distribution of SSC. 相似文献
11.
长江口水域悬沙浓度时空变化与泥沙再悬浮 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A detailed analysis of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) variations over a year period is presented using the data from 8 stations in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters, together with a discussion of the hydrodynamic regimes of the estuary. Spatially, the SSC from Xuliujing downwards to Hangzhou Bay increases almost constantly, and the suspended sediment in the inner estuary shows higher concentration in summer than in winter, while in the outer estuary it shows higher concentration in winter than in summer, and the magnitude is greater in the outer estuary than in the inner estuary, greater in the Hangzhou Bay than in the Yangtze River estuary. The sediments discharged by the Yangtze River into the sea are resuspended by marine dynamics included tidal currents and wind waves. Temporally, the SSC shows a pronounced neap-spring tidal cycle and seasonal variations. Furthermore, through the analysis of dynamic mechanism, it is concluded that wave and tidal current are two predominant factors of sediment resuspension and control the distribution and changes of SSC, in which tidal currents control neap-spring tidal cycles, and wind waves control seasonal variations. The ratio between river discharge and marine dynamics controls soatial distribution of SSC. 相似文献
12.
Estuarine wetlands serve as a natural barrier to remove the land-generated pollutants and attenuate the pollutant load from the land to the sea.As one of the most important estuarine wetlands,the Yangtze estuarine wetlands have attracted particular interests in the biogeochemical studies of nutrients.The objectives of this study were to characterize the seasonal and spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) fluxes across the sediment-water interface;to calculate the total DIN fluxes in a year and different seasons;and to evaluate the DIN removing capability of the sediment in the tidal wetlands of the Yangtze Estuary.The spatial distribution of DIN fluxes shows complicated seasonal variations and spatial differences.The annual DIN fluxes range from-22.22 mmol N m-2 h-1 to 19.54 mmol N m-2 h-1,with an average of-1.48±1.34 mmol N m-2 h-1.The tidal wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary behave as a source of water DIN in spring when DIN is released from sediment into overlying water,and the released amount of DIN is 1.33×104 tons of nitrogen(T N).In summer,autumn and winter,the sediment absorbs the DIN from the overlying water,and the absorbed amounts of DIN are 4.36×104 T N,6.81×104 T N and 2.24×104 T N,respectively.The average amount of DIN in overlying water of the Yangtze Estuary is 52.6×104 T N yr-1,and the perennial average amount of DIN absorbed from the overlying water by the sediment is 12.1×104 T N yr-1.The annual DIN elimination rate of the tidal wetlands was 23.0%. 相似文献
13.
泥沙动态研究目前仍然不够完善, 尤其是在黄土丘陵沟壑区, 有关泥沙传输时间动态的 研究论文还不多见。本文利用岔巴沟下游长达8 年的水沙资料, 探讨了该区不同时间尺度( 洪水 内、月和季节及年际尺度) 上泥沙传输动态。结果表明, 在洪水内时间尺度上, 洪峰超前于沙峰的 事件占洪水事件总数的63.2%, 洪峰和沙峰同时发生及洪峰落后于沙峰的洪水事件则各占 18.4%左右。受高含沙水流的影响, 洪水事件产流量- 含沙量呈现逆时针滞后环, 而与洪峰和沙峰 出现的先后顺序无关。在月和季节尺度上, 存在着可蚀物质“储备- 释放”的过程, 即在晚秋(10 和 11 月份)、冬季和春季可蚀物质是一个积聚过程, 在夏季和早秋( 9 月份) 是泥沙输出流域的释放 过程。在年际尺度上, 含沙量和产沙量年际变化大, 主要与年内发生的洪水事件次数和幅度有关。 相似文献
14.
长江口外海滨悬沙分布及扩散特征 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
长江口外海滨地区是陆海相互作用显著的区域,该区域复杂的水流等动力因素和地形条件决定了悬沙分布和扩散的特点。本文利用大量实测资料,对口外海滨地区悬沙的分布特征进行了综合分析,研究结果表明,平面分布不均,西高东低,南高北低,高低相差悬殊是长江口外水域悬沙平面分布的主要特点。枯季自西向东含沙量均匀减小,等值线分布较为稀疏。垂向涨落潮含沙量也表现出不同的分布特征,在口外的中西部水域垂向扩散系数较大,水体垂向混合程度均匀;垂向混合程度加强,水体含沙量也随之显著增加,这也造就了口外的南北两个高含沙区。 相似文献
15.
我国沿海近岸带水域的悬沙分布特征 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文根据实测悬沙资料,阐述了我国沿海近岸带水域的悬沙浓度由黄河口和长江口-杭州湾为中心,分别向南、北递减,高低相间,构成波状起伏的分布特征,同时分析了径流输沙、潮流、波浪、海岸类型诸要素在悬沙浓度时空变化中的不同作用. 相似文献
16.
The variation of sediments organic carbon content in Chongming east tidal flat during Scirpus mariqueter growing stage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The investigations on the organic carbon (OC) of core sediments were carried out in Chongming east tidal flat (CM) during Scirpus mariqueter growing stage (from April to December 2004) in Yangtze Estuary. The Yangtze River annually transports a runoff discharge of 30,000 m3/s, carrying about 480 million tons of sediments to the estuarine and coastal area, which formed a great OC pool. In the sampling spots, seven quadrats of 50 cm × 50 cm and five sediments cores of 20 cm deep (40 cm deep in December) were randomly established in order to collect vegetations and core sediments samples during the low tide each month except November. After pretreatment, the core sediments were sieved and their OC contents were measured according to the potassium dichromate method. The results show that the higher surface sediment OC content in summer comes from allochthonous terrigenous particle settlements on the Chongming east middle tidal flat S. mariqueter zone. In autumn and winter, the decomposing of the defoliated S. mariqueter increases the surface sediments OC content. Settling velocity, sediment temperature and S. mariqueter growth are the main factors that can control the sediment carbon content. Summer is the "carbon losing" period of the tidal flat sediments, while from September, it changes into the "carbon accumulating" period of sediment OC pool because of the decomposing of dead S. mariqueter community in the sediments. From this alternation of "carbon losing" period and "carbon accumulating" period, we conclude that carbon in the OC pool of the middle tidal flat S. mariqueter zone sediments mainly comes from the atmospheric carbon rooted by S. mariqueter photosynthesis. 相似文献
17.
Sedimentary processes were monitored in a varved lake in the Canadian High Arctic through three melt seasons and revealed
that seasonal sediment deposition rates were highly dependent on short-lived inflow events driven by high suspended sediment
concentrations that varied with runoff intensity. Our results illustrate that in accordance with the suspended sediment discharge
into the lake, the rate of sediment accumulation changed over short distances down-lake, in a given year. This result indicates
that there is a rate and accumulation dependence on short-lived, intense inflow conditions. In addition, there was strong
evidence for substantial decoupling between deposition rate and mean grain size of sedimentary deposits. These results have
important implications for paleoclimate interpretation of annually laminated sedimentary records from dynamic lake environments
and suggest that grain size measures may not be representative proxies of inflow competence. Grain size indices based on a
measure of the coarser fraction, rather than the bulk sediment, may be more appropriate to use as a link between contemporary
runoff processes and sedimentary characteristics. 相似文献
18.
长江上游干支流悬移质含沙量的变化及其原因 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
河流含沙量的变化是流域自然与人文因子变化的反映。以长江上游干支流1956~2000年的水沙和降水资料为基础,运用时间系列分析和统计分析方法进行研究。研究发现,干流宜昌站和4条主要支流含沙量的变化不是同步的,4条主要支流含沙量的变化呈现出复杂变化图形。流域面平均年降水量的变化,仅能解释含沙量变化的15.86%~37.21%,说明气候因素的变化不是长江干支流含沙量变化的主要原因。运用双累积曲线分析方法,研究了人类活动 (如水库修建,交通、矿山和城市建设,水土保持,植被破坏和恢复等 )对含沙量变化的影响。人类活动影响在不同的流域有较大差异。与4条主要支流相比,长江干流宜昌站含沙量的变化较小,反映了尺度效应的影响。多元回归分析表明,屏山 、高场、北碚、武隆4站的年均含沙量变化对宜昌站年均含沙量变化的贡献率分别为28.5%、12.6%、44.2%和14.7%。 相似文献
19.
对NCAR CSIM5 海冰模式中海冰侧边界融化参数化方案进行了详细阐述,并利用CSIM5模式模拟了侧边界融化对北极海冰厚度和海冰面积变化的影响,试验结果表明：（1）侧边界融化热力过程会增大海冰厚度和海冰面积的消融,海冰厚度消融最明显的区域分布在西伯利亚海和格陵兰海,海冰面积消融最明显区域分布海冰边缘地区;（2）侧边界融化过程对夏季海冰厚度影响比冬季更为明显,而对冬季海冰面积的影响要比夏季更为明显;（3）侧边界融化方案能更好地模拟出海冰面积的季节性变化;（4）海水表面温度（SST）是影响海冰侧边界融化过程的重要因子,侧边界融化率的大值区分布在SST零度线附近的狭窄区域。 相似文献
20.
One outstanding feature of the recent Arctic climate is the contrast of the changes of sea ice concentration and thickness between the Beaufort Sea and the Chukchi Sea. Since the Arctic Oscillation (AO) plays a critical role in driving Arctic sea ice changes and the Beaufort and Chukchi seas have been hypothesized as a region in which sea ice anomalies originate, we employed a coupled sea ice-ocean model and carried out simulations forced by the AO signal to examine sea ice changes in these regions, focusing on seasonality. With the AO phase transition from negative to positive, anticyclonic windstress weakens broadly in both winter and summer; however, the surface air temperature response shows remarkable seasonal dependence. Positive temperature anomalies spread over the entire domain in winter, while negative anomalies occur in the shelf seas in summer, although positive anomalies remain in the deep-water portion. The simulated sea ice concentration resembles the observed concentration. The strong seasonality of sea ice concentration changes suggests that accumulation of sea ice concentration in the Beaufort Sea and reduction in the Chukchi Sea are mainly produced in summer. Changes of ice thickness are robust through the seasonal cycle. Generally, sea ice dynamics play a critical role in creating the anomalous sea ice pattern and sea ice thermodynamics partially compensate the dynamically-driven changes. However, considerable seasonal differences occur. 相似文献