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1.
1982年7—8月间,我们在青藏高原东部横断山地区综合科学考察工作中,对丁青一带的蛇绿岩进行了初步调查,发现了席状岩墙群和一个比较连续的蛇绿岩剖面。 丁青蛇绿岩位于班公湖—东巧—怒江蛇绿岩带的中段。近几年来,不少人对这个带进行了研究。由于构造破坏,蛇绿岩强烈肢解,迄今为止,还未报道过有如丁青那样连续的蛇绿岩剖面。丁青蛇绿岩的新发现,对于青藏高原第二条缝合线内蛇绿岩的性质以及古特提斯海演化历史的研究提供了新的资料。 席状岩墙群出露于西藏丁青县沙贡区海拔5120米的日隆山的北坡。岩墙走向NE—NNE,倾角很陡,倾向sE或NW。岩墙宽约4米至20厘米,有的仅数厘米。主要由辉绿岩组成,中粒至细粒,有的为隐晶质的。 相似文献
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鱼鳞蛤(Daonella)是中三叠世双壳类特征性化石。它在世界上分布广泛、演化迅速,具有重要地层对比意义。这一属在我国分布于广西、贵州、云南、川南和藏南。滇、黔、桂三省交界地区,产鱼鳞蛤的中三叠世地层十分发育,在这里,鱼鳞蛤常常是地层划分的重要古生物依据。因此,研究鱼鳞蛤的种群分布规律是这一地区地质工作中的一项重要任务。笔者最近对黔南的鱼鳞蛤层进行了调查,发现有许多种在纵横分布上均十分稳定。 相似文献
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阿尼玛卿蛇绿混杂岩带位于东昆仑东段南缘,处于秦祁昆缝合系和古特提斯缝合系(Bian,1996)的交接部位。蛇绿岩带呈NWW向延展,长约400km,宽10—50km;由一系列构造岩片构成。在其西段的布青山-牧羊山蛇绿混杂岩带见有晚二叠-三叠纪砂板岩角度不整合在此蛇绿混杂岩之上,不整合面之上有底砾岩。有加里东末期岛弧型花岗-英云闪长岩侵入此蛇绿混杂岩中。前人认为该蛇绿岩的时代属晚二叠-中三叠世(姜春发等,1992;许志琴等,1996;王国灿等,1998)。最近,作者于此蛇绿岩带中发现了早古生代和早石炭-早二叠世蛇绿岩,证明阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带是一条包含有早古生代、早石炭-早二叠世和晚二叠-中三叠世三个时代蛇绿岩的复合蛇绿混杂岩带。 相似文献
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1990年7月,中国青海可可西里综合科学考察队地质组在岗齐曲和西金乌兰湖两地发现一套蛇绿岩。初步研究表明,这套蛇绿岩是晚古生代的产物,属于金沙江蛇绿岩带。见于西金乌兰湖以北的蛇绿岩大致分布在宽约8km,近东西向断续延伸约70km 范围内(东经90°10—90°50′,北纬35°19′—35°23′)。其中构造混杂岩由硅质岩和千枚岩构成混杂岩基质,大小不等的辉长岩、辉绿岩、枕状玄武岩、块状玄武岩、灰岩、大理岩等岩块杂乱地散布在这些基质中。辉长岩大多属高位均质辉长岩,也有少量条带状堆晶辉长岩。蛇绿岩被浅海相粗砂岩(T2?)不整合覆盖。不整合面上堆积了砾岩或含砾砂岩,砾石成分主要是硅质岩,还有辉长岩等。不整合面以上的岩石变形较弱,只有脆性变形,韧性变形不明显。 相似文献
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在西藏冈底斯山以北、唐古拉山以南地区,分布着侏罗纪到白垩纪的基性和中性火山岩。它们与本区的超基性岩空间上接近,或者呈断层接触。对这些岩石组合的成因有不同的解释。有人认为是大陆碰撞缝合带的蛇绿岩(常承法与郑锡澜,1974),有人认为是岛弧与边缘海的产物。近来,张旗(1983)在丁青发现了比较连续的蛇绿岩组合。要正确地对这些岩石的构造环境进行解释,必须进行详细的岩石学、岩石化学和微量元素地球化学研究。本文对采自拉弄沟、罗布中(图1)两地的玄武岩和采自切里湖的安山岩的岩石化学和微量元素地球化学做了初步研究,这里将初步结果及讨论作一报道。 相似文献
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西藏日喀则—白朗一带规模宏大的蛇绿岩套,是雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩系发育最好的地段之一,1980年6—8月,中国科学院地质研究所青藏考察队对该区蛇绿岩地质做了系统地、全面地考察,较详细填制了该区的蛇绿岩地质图和构造体系图。调查结果表明,在以镁铁质为主的基性和超基性火成岩上部,普遍沉积有数百米厚的深海蛇绿质沉积岩系(照片1),经初步研究发现,在其下部夹有厚薄不同的沸石层。 相似文献
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现代海洋中放射虫种数达7000以上,化石在前寒武纪即有报道,从古生代到中-新生代越来越繁盛,是最重要的微体古生物类别之一,并在生物地层学方面占有独特的位置。放射虫还是重要的造岩生物,放射虫硅岩与蛇绿岩密切共生,有重要地质意义。近年来,放射虫在我国造山带研究中的作用越来越显著。随之而来的是对其古环境意义的争议,即放射虫硅岩代表深海环境还是浅海环境?在国际学术界,对放射虫的古生态和古地理研究也还处于开始阶段。 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布江缝合带北支自札达县老武起拉向北西去向不明,南支止于札达县以东.在札达县曲松附近发现了2条蛇绿岩带--夏浦沟蛇绿岩带和波博蛇绿岩带,并在夏浦沟蛇绿岩带台丁拉-天巴拉之间发现了高压变质岩--榴闪岩,对蛇绿岩的空间分析及追索表明它们分别代表雅鲁藏布江缝合带南、北支.其中雅鲁藏布江缝合带南支在札达盆地西北缘首次被发现,而雅鲁藏布江缝合带北支则自老武起拉向西延伸,经研究区内的夏浦沟-台丁拉一带延入印控克什米尔地区,并可能向北西与什约克蛇绿岩相接.由于上述蛇绿岩分别构成北喜马拉雅构造带与札达微陆块、札达微陆块与冈底斯弧之间的板块界线,故它的发现对雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段空间结构的研究及青藏高原大地构造区划的完善具有重要意义. 相似文献
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祁连山蛇绿岩带和原特提斯洋演化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
位于阿拉善地块和柴达木地块之间的祁连造山带记录原特提斯洋扩张、俯冲、闭合、大陆边缘增生和碰撞造山的完整过程。从南向北,祁连造山带发育有三条平行排列、不同类型的蛇绿岩带:(1)南部南祁连洋底高原-洋中脊-弧后蛇绿岩混杂带;(2)中部托勒山洋中脊型蛇绿岩带;(3)北部走廊南山SSZ型蛇绿岩带。南部南祁连蛇绿混杂岩带以拉脊山-永靖蛇绿岩为代表,为典型的洋底高原型蛇绿岩,是大洋板内地幔柱活动的产物,形成年龄为525～500Ma;中部托勒山蛇绿岩带沿熬油沟-玉石沟-冰沟-永登一线分布,为大洋中脊型蛇绿岩,蛇绿岩形成年龄为550～495Ma;北部蛇绿岩带包括弧前和弧后两种类型,弧前蛇绿岩以大岔大阪蛇绿岩为代表,形成时代为517～487Ma,反映初始俯冲/弧前扩张到弧后盆地的过程;弧后蛇绿岩以九个泉-老虎山蛇绿岩为代表,为典型的SSZ型蛇绿岩,是弧后扩张的产物,形成时代为奥陶纪(490～445Ma)。三个蛇绿岩带分别代表了新元古代-早古生代祁连洋演化历史不同环境的产物,对了解秦祁昆构造带原特提斯洋的构造演化过程有重要意义。蛇绿岩及弧火山岩的时空分布特征限定了原特提斯洋的俯冲极性为向北消减俯冲。 相似文献
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The Yarlung–Zangbo Suture Zone, a major geological structure in Tibet, is well known as the locus of tectonic emplacement of the Tethyan ophiolites. Current models propose that most of the East Tethyan oceanic lithosphere was subducted within a single subduction zone, active during the Middle or Late Cretaceous, which was completed during the Paleogene collision between India and Asia. The Early Cretaceous sedimentary Giabulin Formation in southern Tibet, includes conglomeratic members that contain ultramafic and mafic plutonic pebbles, as well as radiolarian chert clasts, that record the erosion of oceanic lithosphere involved in a subduction event which occurred earlier than previously believed. Geochemical analyses, mineral chemistry, stratigraphic chronology, and sedimentary analysis, including source provenance, suggest that the pebbly conglomerate was formed through erosion of an unknown ophiolitic source that was geochemically distinguishable from the Xigaze ophiolites within the Yarlung–Zangbo Suture Zone, southern Tibet. We infer the existence of an older ophiolitic source, termed the Yarlung–Zangbo paleo-ophiolite, that was dismembered and eroded during an earlier subduction stage not taken into account in current models. 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩——事实与臆想 总被引：15，自引：12，他引：3
位于西藏南部的雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩在我国研究程度最高,在国际上也有较高的知名度。该蛇绿岩东西延伸约2000km,代表了印度和亚洲之间消失的新特提斯洋,是确定上述两大板块间缝合线存在的重要岩石学标志。本文根据作者近几年的野外考察,结合前人发表的资料发现,该蛇绿岩有如下方面的重要特点。(1)各蛇绿岩剖面均发育大规模的橄榄岩体,超镁铁岩的分布远远大于镁铁质岩石。这些超镁铁岩体尽管在岩性上以方辉橄榄岩为主,但出现大量二辉橄榄岩;(2)镁铁质堆晶辉长岩不发育;(3)不存在席状辉绿岩墙群,取而代之的是顺层侵入在橄榄岩中的辉长岩-辉绿岩岩席。部分情况下,辉绿岩还侵入到玄武岩之中;(4)蛇绿岩上部发育有一定厚度的玄武岩,但玄武岩与橄榄岩之间经常被辉绿岩席所占据,部分情况下玄武岩与橄榄岩直接接触。(5)地幔橄榄岩与镁铁质岩石在Sr-Nd同位素和形成时代上存在显著差别;(6)辉长岩与辉绿岩形成在120~130Ma的狭窄时间段内,并具有类似亏损地幔的地球化学特点。上述资料表明,雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩中的超镁铁岩和镁铁质岩形成于不同时代,且在成因上不具任何联系。根据这些资料,本文提出,该区蛇绿岩的地幔橄榄岩可能为大陆岩石圈地幔。早白垩世期间,北侧亚洲大陆南缘位置的岩石圈由于拉张而使深部岩石圈地幔物质向上剥露。随着岩石圈拆离和减薄的不断进行,软流圈地幔发生减压熔融,形成目前见到的玄武岩和辉长-辉绿岩席。在拉张作用的高峰期,早期亏损的大陆岩石圈地幔在经历交代作用后发生部分熔融形成少量玻安质熔体。因此,雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩并不能代表新特提斯大洋,它与经典的蛇绿岩定义相差甚远。考虑镁铁质岩石发育有限的特点,雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩代表了一种超慢速扩张的洋盆形成环境,其扩张速率甚至慢于目前广为人知的西Alps地区。根据全球蛇绿岩的情况,该蛇绿岩可被定义为日喀则型,是目前超慢速扩张洋盆的端元代表。 相似文献
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The Xigaze ophiolite is located in the middle section of the Yarlung Zangbo River ophiolite belt and includes a well-preserved sequence section of seven ophiolite blocks. The relatively complete ophiolitic sequence sections are represented by Jiding, Dejixiang, Baigang, and Dazhuqu ophiolites and consist of three–four units. The complete ophiolite sequence in order from the bottom to top consists of mantle peridotite, cumulates, sheeted sill dike swarms, and basic lavas±radiolarian chert. These cumulates are absent in the remaining blocks of Dejixiang and Luqu. The age of radiolaria in the radiolarian chert is Late Jurassic–Cretaceous. The basalt and ultramafic rock of the ophiolite also are overlaid by Tertiary Liuqu conglomerate, which contains numerous pebble components of ophiolite, indicating that the Tethys Ocean began to close at the end of Cretaceous Period. The isotopic data of gabbro, diabase, and albite granite in the Xigaze ophiolite are approximately 126–139 Ma, which indicates that the ophiolite formed in the Early Cretaceous. The K–Ar age of amphibole in garnet amphibolite in the ophiolite mélange is 81 Ma, indicating that tectonic ophiolite emplacement occurred at the end of Late Cretaceous. 相似文献
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藏南雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩被认为是新特提斯大洋岩石圈的残留。该带中段的日喀则白马让蛇绿岩是保存较完整的蛇绿岩岩块之一。该蛇绿岩主要由橄榄岩、蛇纹岩、镁铁质侵入岩和玄武岩组成,缺堆晶岩系。镁铁质侵入岩主要呈辉绿岩脉、岩床和少量的岩墙产出。辉绿岩脉在整个蛇绿岩层序中均有分布,侵入橄榄岩的部分岩脉已经变为变辉绿岩和异剥钙榴岩。辉绿岩床(墙)向上逐渐过渡为玄武岩。局部可见日喀则群整合覆盖在玄武岩之上。地球化学分析显示不同产状的镁铁质岩均属于低钾或中钾的拉斑玄武岩,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti和LREE,具有弧前玄武岩(FAB)或弧后盆地玄武岩(BABB)的特征,它们的Ti/V和Yb/V的比值与BABB或正常大洋中脊玄武岩(N-MORB)相似,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素数据指示了亏损地幔(DM)与富集地幔(EM)过渡的源区。镁铁质岩野外产出关系和地球化学特征表明,白马让蛇绿岩的镁铁质岩组合可能形成于SSZ环境。考虑到超镁铁质岩、镁铁质岩和日喀则群在空间上的连续性,认为白马让蛇绿岩可能是起源于亚洲大陆边缘俯冲带上的洋盆,属于原地系统,而非外来的构造岩片。 相似文献
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Xi-chen Wang Wei-liang Liu Xi-chong Hu Bin Xia Wei Huang 《International Geology Review》2018,60(10):1267-1289
The Mesozoic Xigaze ophiolite is a key to understanding the tectonic evolution of the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone. Although many studies have been reported, the formation age and petrogenesis of the Xigaze ophiolite remain controversial. In this paper, new geochronological and geochemical data for mafic dikes (diabase, dolerite), lavas, and gabbros of the Xigaze ophiolite are provided to constrain the origin of the Xigaze ophiolite. Combined with previous studies, three new zircon U–Pb ages of samples from two gabbro and one dolerite samples show that the Xigaze ophiolite was produced at two distinct stages of 174–149 Ma and 137–123 Ma. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that these rocks exhibit N-MORB-like features, but the gabbros are more depleted in trace elements and belong to cumulates. Geochemical characters, combined with their positive εNd(t) values (+3.2 to +9.6), suggest that these samples originated from depleted mantle sources with minor influence of slab-derived fluids. Considering the previous studies on the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, the Xigaze ophiolite was likely generated in an active continental margin fore-arc basin with a multistage model associated with the northward subduction of the Yarlung Zangbo Neo-Tethys Ocean beneath the Lhasa terrane. The Middle–Late Jurassic ophiolitic massifs (174–149 Ma) were produced as the result of slab rollback and were followed by subsequent slab break-off at ~ 150 Ma. The fore-arc lithosphere may be frozen at ~150–137 Ma, consistent with the termination of the Gangdese arc magmatism during this period. The Early Cretaceous ophiolitic massifs (137–123 Ma) were developed in relation to the reinitiation of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere subduction, the retreat of the subduction zone, and the creation of a fore-arc basin with strong hyperextension in a new cycle. 相似文献
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Yuan LI 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):15-15
Mantle peridotites predominate over the 130–120 Ma mafic rocks, which have a limited temporal interval. This characteristic distinguishes the ophiolite outcrops along the Yarlung Zangbo Sutrue Zone (YZSZ) in southern Tibet from more typical ophiolites, such as the Oman ophiolite. Here we present new structural field observations and identify the low‐angle detachment faults of the Xigaze ophiolite. We demonstrate that the extension associated with the detachment system was accommodated by accretion of mafic magma rather than by thinning and dismemberment. U‐Pb zircon ages from three groups of mafic intrusives closely related to the detachment faults show that the detachment system was initiated at ～126 Ma and ceased at ～123 Ma. A detailed study of the entire Xigaze ophiolite assemblage reveals that the ophiolite formed in situ at the southern margin of the Eurasian Plate, instead of being formed from fragments of tectonic slices. 相似文献
18.
西藏南部雅鲁藏布构造带分布有一系列蛇绿岩体。人们对这些蛇绿岩体的形成环境仍然存在较大的争议。雅鲁藏布构造带中段日喀则蛇绿岩路曲和大竹曲岩体镁铁质岩石的微量元素和Pb同位素特征指示其母岩浆起源于亏损地幔源区。这些镁铁质岩石的La/Sm和Sm/Yb比值显示其岩浆产生于尖晶石二辉橄榄岩地幔经过大约10%部分熔融作用。综合岩相学和全岩主量元素特征暗示这些镁铁质岩石形成于无水玄武质岩浆。而且这些镁铁质岩石的微量元素和REE元素配分模式均非常相似于N-MORB,除了弱Nb-Ta负异常。这些特征表明路曲和大竹曲岩体形成于大洋中脊环境。此外,路曲和大竹曲镁铁质岩石的Pb同位素结果指示其地幔源区与印度洋MORB地幔域具有相似的地球化学特征。这些镁铁质岩石N-MORB标准化微量元素模式显示弱Nb-Ta负异常可能是由于其地幔源区交代了古老的俯冲带物质。 相似文献
19.
The Khan-Taishir ophiolitic complex is situated within Early Caledonian structures of Western Mongolia. It consists (from below upward) of strongly differentiated ultramafics (dunites and harzburgites), pyroxenites and gabbro, sheeted dikes, pillow lavas and sediments, including in their uppermost part archaeocyatic limestones of Lower Cambrian age. Geological, petrochemical and geochemical data indicate that the ultramafics are turn off from the overlying ophiolitic sequence. Igneous rocks of the ophiolitic complex, except the ultramafics, were formed by two-stage differentiation of mantle magma of quartz-tholeiitic composition exhausted in potassium and titanium. Pyroxenites and gabbro with an anorthositic trend of differentiation were generated during the first stage, and sheeted dikes and pillow lavas with a quartz trend of differentiation were formed during the second one. Ophiolites of the Khan-Taishir complex petrochemically and geochemically differ strongly from mafic and ultramafic rocks of midoceanic ridges. Together with ophiolites of the Troodos complex (Cyprus) and Macquarie Island (eastern Indian Ocean) they constitute the special type of ophiolite peculiar rather to slip boundaries of lithosphere plates. The other type of ophiolite, including complexes like the Dzolen complex of south Mongolia, contains poorly differentiated ultramafics and does not contain sheeted dikes; while the igneous rocks are very similar to mafic and ultramafic rocks dredged from midoceanic and formed probably in midoceanic ridge environments as well. 相似文献
20.
雅鲁藏布江缝合带位于青藏高原南部,是印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲的产物,代表着新特提斯洋岩石圈的残片。文章对西藏乃东地区雅鲁藏布江缝合带中蛇绿混杂岩的变质作用及岩石学特征进行了研究。该带总体呈近东西向延伸,受变地质体主要为晚侏罗—早白垩世泽当蛇绿岩。通过野外地质调查、岩相学及岩石地球化学分析,结合岩石成因研究及构造环境判别,认为泽当蛇绿岩由地幔橄榄岩、辉长质杂岩、镁铁质杂岩、海相沉积物及伴生铬铁矿和斜长花岗岩等组成,属低绿片岩相—高绿片岩相区域变质岩。 相似文献