共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 856 毫秒
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The aim of the study was to (1) examine the classification of forest land using airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, satellite images and sample plots of the Finnish National Forest Inventory (NFI) as training data and to (2) identify best performing metrics for classifying forest land attributes. Six different schemes of forest land classification were studied: land use/land cover (LU/LC) classification using both national classes and FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations) classes, main type, site type, peat land type and drainage status. Special interest was to test different ALS-based surface metrics in classification of forest land attributes. Field data consisted of 828 NFI plots collected in 2008–2012 in southern Finland and remotely sensed data was from summer 2010. Multinomial logistic regression was used as the classification method. Classification of LU/LC classes were highly accurate (kappa-values 0.90 and 0.91) but also the classification of site type, peat land type and drainage status succeeded moderately well (kappa-values 0.51, 0.69 and 0.52). ALS-based surface metrics were found to be the most important predictor variables in classification of LU/LC class, main type and drainage status. In best classification models of forest site types both spectral metrics from satellite data and point cloud metrics from ALS were used. In turn, in the classification of peat land types ALS point cloud metrics played the most important role. Results indicated that the prediction of site type and forest land category could be incorporated into stand level forest management inventory system in Finland. 相似文献
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干旱—半干旱地区地表特征探测的成像雷达干涉测量方法与模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从估测干涉测量雷达数据相关性出发，通过利用欧洲资源卫星1号和2号获取的重轨干涉测量雷达数据，开展新疆喀什试验区地表土地类型的识别与分类，区分和识别出裸土，盐碱地，灌丛，裸岩/戈壁，沼泽和水体6类土地类型。并对不同土地类型的后向散射特性和相关性进行定量分析。探讨干涉测量数据相关性干旱-半干旱地区地表特征的关系，从而建立了干旱-半干旱地区地表变化的干涉测量时相关模型。为干旱-半干旱地区利用干涉测量数据进行地表变化监测提供理论依据。 相似文献
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利用雷达干涉数据进行城市不透水层百分比估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
人工不透水层是城市地区的重要特征.作为城市生态环境的关键指数,不透水层百分比(Impervious Surfaces Percentage, ISP)常用于城市水文过程模拟、水质面源污染及城市专题制图等研究中.本文利用ERS-1/2 重复轨道雷达干涉数据,采用分类与回归树(CART)算法探究了雷达遥感在城市ISP估算中的可行性和潜力,并与SPOT5 HRG光学遥感图像的估算结果进行了分析比较.香港九龙港岛实验区的初步研究结果表明,雷达干涉数据在城市不透水层研究中具有一定的应用潜力,特别是裸土和稀疏植被的ISP估算结果要好于光学遥感,这主要得益于雷达干涉数据(特别是长时间相干图像)在人工建筑物和裸土或稀疏植被之间具有很强的区分能力,另外,雷达干涉数据和光学遥感数据间的融合能够提高ISP估算精度. 相似文献
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Various land use/cover types exhibit seasonal characteristics which can be captured in remotely sensed imagery. This study examined how different seasons of Radarsat-2 data influence land use/cover classification accuracies for two study sites. Two dates of Radarsat-2 C-band quad-polarised images were obtained for Washington, DC, USA and Wad Madani, Sudan. Spectral signatures were extracted and used with a maximum likelihood decision rule for classification and thematic accuracies were then determined. Both despeckled radar and derived texture measures were examined. Thematic accuracies for the two despeckled image dates were similar with a difference of 3% for Washington and 6% for Sudan. Merging the despeckled images for both seasons increased overall accuracy by 2% for Washington and 9% for Sudan. Further combining the original radar for both seasons with derived texture measures increased overall accuracies by 9% for Washington and 16% for Sudan for final overall accuracy values of 73 and 82%. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to estimate the capabilities of forecasting the yield of wheat using an artificial neural network combined with multi-temporal satellite data acquired at high spatial resolution throughout the agricultural season in the optical and/or microwave domains. Reflectance (acquired by Formosat-2, and Spot 4–5 in the green, red, and near infrared wavelength) and multi-configuration backscattering coefficients (acquired by TerraSAR-X and Radarsat-2 in the X- and C-bands, at co- (abbreviated HH and VV) and cross-polarization states (abbreviated HV and VH)) constitute the input variable of the artificial neural networks, which are trained and validated on the successively acquired images, providing yield forecast in near real-time conditions. The study is based on data collected over 32 fields of wheat distributed over a study area located in southwestern France, near Toulouse. Among the tested sensor configurations, several satellite data appear useful for the yield forecasting throughout the agricultural season (showing coefficient of determination (R2) larger than 0.60 and a root mean square error (RMSE) lower than 9.1 quintals by hectare (q ha−1)): CVH, CHV, or the combined used of XHH and CHH, CHH and CHV, or green reflectance and CHH. Nevertheless, the best accurate forecast (R2 = 0.76 and RMSE = 7.0 q ha−1) is obtained longtime before the harvest (on day 98, during the elongation of stems) using the combination of co- and cross-polarized backscattering coefficients acquired in the C-band (CVV and CVH). These results highlight the high interest of using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data instead of optical ones to early forecast the yield before the harvest of wheat. 相似文献
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Olivier R. van Lier Richard A. Fournier Robert L. Bradley Nelson Thiffault 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009,11(5):334-343
Invasive ericaceous shrubs (e.g. Kalmia angustifolia, Rhododendron groenlandicum, Vaccinium spp.) may reduce the regeneration and early growth of black spruce (Picea mariana) seedlings, the most economically important boreal tree species in Quebec. Our study focused, therefore, on developing a method for mapping ericaceous shrubs from satellite images. The method integrates very high resolution satellite imagery (IKONOS) to guide classifiers applied to medium resolution satellite imagery (Landsat-TM). An object-oriented image classification approach was applied using Definiens eCognition software. An independent ground survey revealed 80% accuracy at the very high spatial resolution. We found that the partial use (70%) of classified polygons derived from the IKONOS images were an effective way to guide classification algorithms applied to the Landsat-TM imagery. The results of this latter classification (78.4% overall accuracy) were assessed by the remaining portion (30%) of unused very high resolution classified polygons. We further validated our method (65.5% overall accuracy) by assessing the correspondence of an ericaceous cover classification scheme done with a Landsat-TM image and results of our ground survey using an independent set of 275 sample plots. Discrimination of ericaceous shrub cover from other land cover types was achieved with precision at both spatial resolutions with producer accuracies of 87.7% and 79.4% from IKONOS and Landsat, respectively. The method is weaker for areas with sparse cover of ericaceous shrubs or dense tree cover. Our method is adapted, therefore, for mapping the spatial distribution of ericaceous shrubs and is compatible with existing forest stand maps. 相似文献
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1975年—2018年白洋淀湿地变化分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
白洋淀湿地生态功能重要、战略地位特殊，研究其时空变化规律具有重要意义。本文基于1975年—2018年间10期Landsat卫星遥感影像，辅以2017年—2018年高分二号（GF-2）卫星遥感影像，在野外考察湿地类型及其覆被特征基础上，人机交互解译获取各期土地利用/覆被分类图，从面积变化、类型转化、景观格局变化方面分析了近43年白洋淀湿地变化时空特征，讨论了影响分析结果的不确定性因素以及湿地变化成因。结果表明：1975年—2018年白洋淀湿地面积总体呈减少趋势，净变化-68.20 km2（-24.83%）。其中，1975年—1990年湿地面积波动性小、基本稳定，1990年—2011年湿地面积持续性减少，2011年—2018年湿地面积呈现增加趋势。湿地与非湿地类型相互转换区域主要分布于淀区南部、西部、北部的水体—水生植物—耕地—建设用地过渡区域。近43年白洋淀湿地景观趋于破碎、复杂和异质。遥感影像选取月份、年份，以及土地利用/覆被分类体系、分类方法，是影响分析结果的主要不确定性因素。气候、水文等自然因素变化，叠加工农业及城镇生活用水、上游水利工程蓄水、地下水开采等人为因素变化，是白洋淀湿地面积减少、趋于干化的成因。 相似文献
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近年来,由于区域人口的增加和社会经济的快速发展,西安市的土地利用类型发生了明显变化。土地利用分类可为生态系统模型、水资源模型和气候模型等提供重要信息,遥感技术为土地利用分类提供了有效的工具。本文以西安市2016年Landsat-8卫星的OLI多光谱数据为基础资料,参考国家土地利用分类标准和西安市土地利用现状,将西安市的土地类型分为建设用地、裸地、水体、草地、耕地、林地6类,采用监督分类中常用的最大似然分类法和决策树分类方法对研究数据进行解译,利用总体分类精度和Kappa系数等指标对各分类精度加以评价,并结合实际用地情况对分类结果进行了总结分析。 相似文献
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The aim of our study was to explore the spectral properties of fire-scorched (burned) and non fire-scorched (vegetation) areas, as well as areas with different burn/vegetation ratios, using a multisource multiresolution satellite data set. A case study was undertaken following a very destructive wildfire that occurred in Parnitha, Greece, July 2007, for which we acquired satellite images from LANDSAT, ASTER, and IKONOS. Additionally, we created spatially degraded satellite data over a range of coarser resolutions using resampling techniques. The panchromatic (1 m) and multispectral component (4 m) of IKONOS were merged using the Gram-Schmidt spectral sharpening method. This very high-resolution imagery served as the basis to estimate the cover percentage of burned areas, bare land and vegetation at pixel level, by applying the maximum likelihood classification algorithm. Finally, multiple linear regression models were fit to estimate each land-cover fraction as a function of surface reflectance values of the original and the spatially degraded satellite images.The main findings of our research were: (a) the Near Infrared (NIR) and Short-wave Infrared (SWIR) are the most important channels to estimate the percentage of burned area, whereas the NIR and red channels are the most important to estimate the percentage of vegetation in fire-affected areas; (b) when the bi-spectral space consists only of NIR and SWIR, then the NIR ground reflectance value plays a more significant role in estimating the percent of burned areas, and the SWIR appears to be more important in estimating the percent of vegetation; and (c) semi-burned areas comprising 45–55% burned area and 45–55% vegetation are spectrally closer to burned areas in the NIR channel, whereas those areas are spectrally closer to vegetation in the SWIR channel. These findings, at least partially, are attributed to the fact that: (i) completely burned pixels present low variance in the NIR and high variance in the SWIR, whereas the opposite is observed in completely vegetated areas where higher variance is observed in the NIR and lower variance in the SWIR, and (ii) bare land modifies the spectral signal of burned areas more than the spectral signal of vegetated areas in the NIR, while the opposite is observed in SWIR region of the spectrum where the bare land modifies the spectral signal of vegetation more than the burned areas because the bare land and the vegetation are spectrally more similar in the NIR, and the bare land and burned areas are spectrally more similar in the SWIR. 相似文献
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泥炭沼泽是重要的湿地类型之一,对全球变化和生态平衡具有重要意义。本研究在野外实地调查和对比不同地物类型在不同极化方式下雷达影像后向散射系数差异的基础上,以ENVISAT ASAR、Landsat TM与数字高程模型（digital elevation model,DEM）数据为基本信息源,利用面向对象与决策树分类相结合的遥感影像分类方法,实现对小兴安岭西部泥炭沼泽典型分布区不同泥炭沼泽类型的空间分布信息提取,总体分类精度93.54%,Kappa系数0.92。结果表明,该方法在泥炭沼泽信息提取方面具有较大的应用潜力,相对于先前的研究,在分类精度上有一定的提高。 相似文献
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C. R. Suribabu J. Bhaskar T. R. Neelakantan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(4):699-708
The rapid growth of urban population in India is a cause of concern among country??s urban and town planners for efficient urban planning. The drastic growth of urban areas has resulted in sharp land use and land cover changes. In recent years, the significance of spatial data technologies, especially the application of remotely sensed data and geographical information systems (GIS) has been widely used. The present study investigates the urban growth of Tiruchirapalli city, Tamilnadu using IRS satellite data for the years 1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010. The eight satellite images are enhanced using convolution spatial enhancement method with Kernel (7?×?7) edge enhance function. Supervised classification method is used to classify the urban land use and land cover. The GIS is used to prepare the different layers belonging to various land uses identified from remotely sensed data. The analysis of the results show the drastic increase of built up area and reduced green cover within the city boundary limit. 相似文献
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Hyperspectral image and full-waveform light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data provide useful spectral and geometric information for classifying land cover. Hyperspectral images contain a large number of bands, thus providing land-cover discrimination. Waveform LiDAR systems record the entire time-varying intensity of a return signal and supply detailed information on geometric distribution of land cover. This study developed an efficient multi-sensor data fusion approach that integrates hyperspectral data and full-waveform LiDAR information on the basis of minimum noise fraction and principal component analysis. Then, support vector machine was used to classify land cover in mountainous areas. Results showed that using multi-sensor fused data achieved better accuracy than using a hyperspectral image alone, with overall accuracy increasing from 83% to 91% using population error matrices, for the test site. The classification accuracies of forest and tea farms exhibited significant improvement when fused data were used. For example, classification results were more complete and compact in tea farms based on fused data. Fused data considered spectral and geometric land-cover information, and increased the discriminability of vegetation classes that provided similar spectral signatures. 相似文献
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AbstractLand use/land cover (LULC) classification with high accuracy is necessary, especially in eco-environment research, urban planning, vegetation condition study and soil management. Over the last decade a number of classification algorithms have been developed for the analysis of remotely sensed data. The most notable algorithms are the object-oriented K-Nearest Neighbour (K-NN), Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and the Decision Trees (DTs) amongst many others. In this study, LULC types of Selangor area were analyzed on the basis of the classification results acquired using the pixel-based and object-based image analysis approaches. SPOT 5 satellite images with four spectral bands from 2003 and 2010 were used to carry out the image classification and ground truth data were collected from Google Earth and field trips. In pixel-based image analysis, a supervised classification was performed using the DT classifier. On the other hand, object-oriented (K-NN) image analysis was evaluated using standard nearest neighbour as classifier. Subsequently SVM object-based classification was performed. Five LULC categories were extracted and the results were compared between them. The overall classification accuracies for 2003 and 2010 showed that the object-oriented (K-NN) (90.5% and 91%) performed better results than the pixel-based DT (68.6% and 68.4%) and object-based SVM (80.6% and 78.15%). In general, the object-oriented (K-NN) performed better than both DTs and SVMs. The obtained LULC classification maps can be used to improve various applications such as change detection, urban design, environmental management and zooning. 相似文献
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国家公园的土地覆盖分类对于掌握自然资源现状、查明存在的生态安全威胁并快速应对具有基础性数据支撑作用。基于谷歌地球引擎（Google Earth Engine,GEE）平台,结合哨兵（Sentinel）主被动遥感数据及其导出的光谱指数、纹理特征和地形特征,分别采用基于像元的随机森林（random forest,RF）算法和面向对象的简单非迭代聚类（simple noniterative clustering,SNIC）+RF算法实现了钱江源国家公园异质性景观的土地覆盖（耕地、森林、草地、水体、人造地表和裸地）分类。地面实验表明,在多种输入数据组合中,基于像元和面向对象方法分类获得的最高总体精度分别为92.37%和93.98%。合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）数据的纳入能够提高基于像元方法的分类精度,但在面向对象方法中未能体现精度提升效果。通过SNIC+RF算法生成的土地覆盖分类图完整性更好,所需特征数量较少,并且算法能够在GEE环境下快速执行,适用于国家公园管理实践。 相似文献
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针对传统遥感影像解译效率较低、人力物力需求量大等问题,该文以谷歌地球引擎为依托平台,利用Landsat5TM影像,采用分类回归树算法对2010年北京市土地覆被/土地利用类型开展了解译研究,并从类型构成、类型混淆和空间一致性3个方面将解译所得LUC-2010产品与Globeland30-2010产品进行空间一致性分析。研究表明,谷歌地球引擎(GEE)平台通过编程运算,数据处理速度极快,大幅提高工作效率。解译产品与训练样本交叉验证的学习精度为94.2%。两套产品总体对比发现,林地、水体和耕地的空间一致性比率分别为84.28%、74.75%和73.56%;林地、水体和人工地表的地类纯净度分别为87.23%、77.04%和72.97%;总体分布空间一致性为74.0%。两套产品局部对比发现,LUC-2010产品分类结果更准确和精细,精度更高。 相似文献
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《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):345-370
Many data fusion methods are available, but it is poorly understood which fusion method is suitable for integrating Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and radar data for land cover classification. This research explores the integration of Landsat TM and radar images (i.e., ALOS PALSAR L-band and RADARSAT-2 C-band) for land cover classification in a moist tropical region of the Brazilian Amazon. Different data fusion methods—principal component analysis (PCA), wavelet-merging technique (Wavelet), high-pass filter resolution-merging (HPF), and normalized multiplication (NMM)—were explored. Land cover classification was conducted with maximum likelihood classification based on different scenarios. This research indicates that individual radar data yield much poorer land cover classifications than TM data, and PALSAR L-band data perform relatively better than RADARSAT-2 C-band data. Compared to the TM data, the Wavelet multisensor fusion improved overall classification by 3.3%-5.7%, HPF performed similarly, but PCA and NMM reduced overall classification accuracy by 5.1%-6.1% and 7.6%-12.7%, respectively. Different polarization options, such as HH and HV, work similarly when used in data fusion. This research underscores the importance of selecting a suitable data fusion method that can preserve spectral fidelity while improving spatial resolution. 相似文献
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全球土地覆盖制图在过去的10年中取得重要进展,空间分辨率从300 m增加至30 m,分类详细程度也有所提高,从10余个一级类到包含29类的二级分类体系。然而,利用光学遥感数据在大空间范围制图方面仍有诸多挑战。本文主要介绍在农田、居住区、水体和湿地制图方面的挑战,讨论在使用多时相和多传感器遥感数据上的困难,这将是未来遥感应用的趋势。由于各种地表覆盖数据产品有自己定义的地表覆盖类型体系和处理流程,通过调和以及集成各种全球土地覆盖制图产品能够满足新的应用目的,并且可以最大程度地利用已有的土地覆盖数据。然而,未来全球土地覆盖制图需要能够按照新应用需求动态生成地表覆盖数据产品的能力。过去的研究表明有效地提高局部尺度制图的分类精度,更好的算法、更多种特征变量(新类型的数据或特征)以及更具代表性的训练样本都非常重要。我们却认为特征变量的使用更重要。本文提出了一个全球土地覆盖制图的新范式。在这个新范式中,地表覆盖类型的定义被分解为定性指标的类、定量指标的植被郁闭度和高度。非植被类型通过它们的光谱和纹理信息提取。复合考虑类、郁闭度和高度3种指标来定义和区别包含植被的地表覆盖类型。郁闭度和高度不能在分类算法中提取,需要借助其他直接测量或间接反演方法。新的范式还表明,一个普遍适用的训练样本集有效地提高了在非洲大陆尺度土地覆盖分类。为了确保更加容易地实现从传统的土地覆盖制图到全球土地覆盖制图新范式的转变,建议构建一体化的数据管理和分析系统。通过集成相关的观测数据、样本数据和分析算法,逐步建成全球土地覆盖制图在线系统,构建全球地表覆盖制图门户网站,为数据生产者、数据用户、专业研究人员、决策人员搭建合作互助的平台。 相似文献