共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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晚白垩世至古近纪期间,江西省内沿区域性断裂构造发育30余个断陷盆地,沉积了巨厚的红色陆相碎屑岩,为丹霞地貌的形成提供了物质基础。已发现的228处丹霞地貌点主要分布于江西东部武夷山北麓和西麓的红层盆地内。利用面积—高程积分法,对江西省9个盆地的丹霞地貌演化阶段进行了定量分析,结果表明省内丹霞地貌景区的面积—高程HI为0.17~0.52,平均为0.38,即其演化阶段处于壮年晚期至老年早期,在空间分布上具有由南向北,由壮年期转为老年期的趋势。该趋势可能与武夷山的构造隆升有关。构造分析显示,节理与武夷山的隆升对江西丹霞地貌演化起控制作用,具体表现为：① 龙虎山、九仙湖、仙岩、蛤蟆坞、赭亭山、龟峰等地发育的崖壁、一线天、巷谷、石墙、石寨、峰丛、峰林等丹霞典型景观均与节理有关。② 流水侵蚀等外营力的作用对丹霞地貌的剥露、削平起重要作用,统计表明距离武夷山越近,丹霞地貌山峰越密集、崖壁越陡峻,指示武夷山的隆升与丹霞地貌的发育有直接关系。总体来看,江西省内的红层为丹霞地貌的发育提供了物质基础,武夷山的隆升控制了丹霞地貌的分布。值得注意的是,丹霞地貌区的节理构造是否与武夷山的隆升存在直接因果关系还需进一步研究。 相似文献
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江西省的丹霞地貌主要分布在30余个白垩纪红层盆地中，总共有228处，数量位居全国之首，以鹰潭市龙虎山世界地质公园的丹霞地貌最为典型和知名。根据形态特征，将江西省的丹霞地貌划分为山峰、陡崖、崩积体、峡谷、洞穴及其他微地貌等六大类。燕山构造旋回晚期（主要是白垩纪），在地壳伸展拉张的构造背景下，江西省形成了一系列北东走向的陆相断陷盆地，从盆地边缘到中心依次沉积红色冲 洪积扇相砾岩、河湖相砂岩和泥岩，在信江盆地的中部还发育沙漠相风成砂岩。红层岩相是丹霞地貌演变的基本物质基础，对丹霞地貌的分布具有重要影响。在喜马拉雅构造旋回中，这些红层被构造抬升、切割，随后在风化、流水侵蚀及崩塌等外动力地质作用下形成了红色陡崖坡及一系列侵蚀地貌，即丹霞地貌。以龙虎山世界地质公园核心景区仙水岩为例，用面积高程积分方法对江西省丹霞地貌的演化阶段及其主控因素进行了分析。仙水岩景区地层出露一致，丹霞地貌整体处于老年早期的残丘阶段，地貌侵蚀程度较强；由于水系溯源侵蚀，景区内不同部位地貌的演化阶段、类型及面积高程积分值（HI值）不尽相同。本文对江西省丹霞地貌基本特征及控制因素的分析和总结研究将加深对各类丹霞地貌成因的理解，推动丹霞地貌国际化进程，也为其他湿润气候区丹霞地貌地质遗迹的合理利用提供参考。 相似文献
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通过电磁测深和野外地质调查,从物质基础、构造作用和外营力作用等方面阐述江西宁都丹霞地貌景观的地质特征,探讨丹霞地貌主要的成景地层和形成模式,并与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌进行对比。研究表明:宁都地区丹霞地貌的成景地层主要是晚白垩世河口组和塘边组,地壳抬升使红层暴露于地表,在流水侵蚀、崩塌等地质作用下,塑造了如今的丹霞美景。与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌对比,发现受地理条件和丹霞地貌发育演化阶段控制,宁都丹霞地貌与东南部邻近地区典型丹霞地貌既具有共同性,也具有其独特性。新生代以来,该区整体缓慢抬升,白垩纪燕山运动—喜马拉雅运动期间,受NE—NNE向断裂带活动影响,发育切割红层的多级断裂和节理。宁都地区属亚热带湿润气候,降雨量丰富,在赣江及其支流共同作用下,不同的岩性组合经差异风化剥蚀形成赤壁丹霞和红层丘陵地貌景观。这对进一步开发和保护地学旅游资源,支撑赣州脱贫攻坚工作,以及对比研究中国东南部地区丹霞地貌特征具有重要意义。 相似文献
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丹霞地貌定义、分类及丹霞作用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
丹霞地貌以广东丹霞山最为典型而得名,是一种发育赤壁丹崖群的特殊地貌类型,近年来随着旅游开发不断升温而成为景观地貌学关注的重要对象,但其中一些基本问题长期争论不休。本文从命名地的地质、地貌特征和我国区域地质发展史角度出发,重新厘定了丹霞地貌的定义与分类,强调丹霞地貌的三大基本要素:赤壁丹崖地貌特征、燕山旋回以来陆相红层基础和以流水侵蚀为主的地质营力。西北地区也广泛发育丹霞地貌,一类是黄土覆盖下的古丹霞,另一类是干旱区片流侵蚀和泥乳贴膜的丹霞。丹霞作用是对中新生代陆相碎屑岩经流水侵蚀、重力崩塌和风化剥落等多种地质作用的统称,其产物就是丹霞地貌。岩性控制和崖壁片流垂蚀是丹霞作用的两种特殊机理。红层盆地的沉积相及其岩性差异控制着丹霞地貌的发育及其景观类型,据此在地貌发育的构造、外力和时间三个因素基础上增加了岩性因素。南方典型的红层盆地中,边缘冲积扇相粗碎屑岩地区可经历青年、中年和老年等发展阶段,盆地中央湖泊相泥岩、粉砂岩却没有经历过绝壁陡崖发展阶段。暴雨水流在丹霞崖壁上发生近垂直向下的侵蚀作用叫片流垂蚀作用。其中冲蚀作用形成竖状沟槽、竖状洞穴,涡蚀作用(借助风力吹动发展成垂直崖壁的涡旋)形成圆锥状洞穴、串珠状洞穴,后者使得洞穴沿软弱岩层分布,进一步扩大成扁平状洞穴。这些洞穴形成年代具有垂向一致性,不具有上老下新变化趋势,而在水平方向上,不同部位洞穴的形成年代可能不同。 相似文献
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福建泰宁丹霞地貌中的洞穴类型及成因浅析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
福建泰宁白垩纪红层盆地出露晚白垩世沙县组紫红色中一薄层粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩和崇安组紫红色厚层砾岩、砂砾岩。红层发育北东,北北东向等多组不同走向断裂及节理。经外动力地质作用形成青年期丹霞地貌,崖壁上千姿百态的丹霞洞穴构成独特的微地貌景观。丹霞洞穴发育受岩性及节理、裂隙控制,崇安组粉砂岩、砂岩及含砾砂岩夹层是形成洞穴的主要层位,岩层的厚度及节理、裂隙控制洞穴产出的规模,风化剥蚀、流水侧蚀、大气降水及其水流侵蚀、重力崩塌是形成不同形态洞穴的主要外动力作用,洞穴的形成以一种外动力作用为主,或在发展过程中叠加了其它外动力作用,因而常为多种外动力综合作用的结果。 相似文献
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福建永安白垩纪红层盆地丹霞地貌及特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
永安白垩纪红层盆地位于福建省中部永安市东隅,大地构造处于华夏古陆武夷隆起的西南部,盆地内晚白垩世崇安组紫红色厚层一巨厚层砾岩、砂砾岩经内、外动力地质作用,发育峰丛、石峰、石堡、石墙、石柱等正地貌和线谷、巷谷、峡谷、峡谷曲流等负地貌,构成风光旖旎的丹霞地貌景观。永安红层盆地丹霞地貌于上新世开始发育,现已处于中年期发展演化阶段,是开展中年期丹霞地貌旅游和科考的宝贵地质遗迹。 相似文献
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丹霞山世界地质公园发育典型的湿润气候型丹霞地貌,以往研究多集中在对单体地貌特征的描述和成因分析,而对整个丹霞盆地范围内地貌发育的控制因素较少涉及,尤其缺乏对断裂体系与丹霞山体相互关系的深入分析。本文根据丹霞盆地野外考察、岩石硬度测量、线性构造遥感解译以及岩石样品实验分析,阐明岩性、沉积相、构造抬升、断裂切割和外动力地质作用在景观塑造过程中的作用,提出丹霞地貌景观的成因和形态分类方案。丹霞盆地上白垩统由长坝组和丹霞组构成,前者出露面积更大,形成了周边低缓山丘;而后者分布区集中且发育具有绝壁陡崖的丹霞地貌。丹霞组发育冲积扇相粗粒碎屑岩和风成砂岩,单层厚度大,胶结致密,密度和硬度大,抗风化能力强。长坝组岩性主要为河湖相细粒碎屑岩,泥质含量高,抗风化能力弱,风化剥蚀后不能形成有陡崖坡的丹霞地貌。在喜马拉雅期构造运动影响下,丹霞盆地呈整体抬升,地层倾角平缓,产生一系列北东向断层及北北东向、北西向和近东西向节理,使红层形成网状断块。这些构造破裂面为随后的风化剥蚀作用提供条件,最终形成悬崖峭壁、网状沟谷和奇峰怪石。丹霞山地处亚热带湿润气候区,风化、崩塌、流水侵蚀和岩溶作用等都是塑造该区地貌的主要外营... 相似文献
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江西龙虎山地区以发育老年期丹霞地貌为特色,其成景地层为晚白垩世河口组红层,目前对这套红层的沉积相认识程度还比较低。龙虎山仙人城景区河口组出露厚度达百余米,沉积构造发育,且人工开凿的台阶可以直达山顶,这为沉积相分析提供了便利条件。根据野外露头岩性组成、沉积构造等特点,识别出6种岩相单元:无沉积构造砾岩、正粒序层理砾岩、逆粒序层理砾岩、平行层理砾岩、含砾砂岩、古土壤。砾石统计结果表明,砾石粒径范围主要为3~4 cm,最大可达12.5 cm,成分以紫红色凝灰岩为主,砂岩、花岗岩和石英次之、变质岩（主要是片岩）较少,磨圆度主要为次棱角状,其次为棱角状。在显微镜下,砂岩碎屑颗粒主要呈棱角-次棱角状,分选性较差,粒径为0.05~2.00 mm,主要由石英、长石和岩屑组成,总体具有结构和成分成熟度中等偏低的特点。野外露头宏观和室内显微分析结果表明,仙人城丹霞地貌的成景地层为河流主导的冲积扇沉积体系的产物。在龙虎山地区,丹霞地貌的空间分布与盆地冲积扇沉积相的平面展布具有较好的一致性,盆地边缘冲积扇成因的厚层砾岩为后期丹霞地貌的形成和演化提供了物质基础。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献