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1.
准确获得水成沉积物的年龄是第四纪年代学重要的前沿问题之一。随着释光技术的发展,水成沉积物释光测年在如下方面有新的进展:具体释光技术的选择、释光测量方法、测年矿物的种类、矿物的粒级和获得等效剂量的统计方法等。线性调整光释光技术能够提取光释光信号中衰退快的组分;单片再生法应用广泛;单颗粒技术在挑选沉积时晒退充分的颗粒方面具有一定的优势;水成沉积物中的石英比长石更易晒退;较多的实验表明水成沉积物中的粗颗粒比细颗粒更易晒退;获得等效剂量的统计模型很多,但尚无一种统计模型适用于所有样品。在此基础上探讨了水成沉积物释光测年在气候、构造运动、冰川进退历史和人类活动主导的土壤侵蚀量变化研究中的意义及今后的研究方向,为全面了解该领域的最新研究进展提供参考。 相似文献
2.
释光技术在水成沉积物测年中的应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
准确获得水成沉积物的年龄是第四纪年代学重要的前沿问题之一。随着释光技术的发展,水成沉积物释光测年在如下方面有新的进展：具体释光技术的选择、释光测量方法、测年矿物的种类、矿物的粒级和获得等效剂量的统计方法等。线性调整光释光技术能够提取光释光信号中衰退快的组分;单片再生法应用广泛;单颗粒技术在挑选沉积时晒退充分的颗粒方面具有一定的优势;水成沉积物中的石英比长石更易晒退;较多的实验表明水成沉积物中的粗颗粒比细颗粒更易晒退;获得等效剂量的统计模型很多,但尚无一种统计模型适用于所有样品。在此基础上探讨了水成沉积物释光测年在气候、构造运动、冰川进退历史和人类活动主导的土壤侵蚀量变化研究中的意义及今后的研究方向,为全面了解该领域的最新研究进展提供参考。 相似文献
3.
释光测年是可对冰川地貌进行直接定年的一种测年技术,已被广泛应用于冰川沉积测年中,推动了第四纪冰川研究的深入发展。但冰川沉积释光测年还没有达到标准化的程度,实际应用中仍有不少问题需要探究,其中最受关注的是冰川沉积物释光信号晒退不完全的问题,即样品在埋藏前因曝光机会有限导致信号没有归零或仅部分归零。冰川沉积释光信号晒退程度与地貌部位和沉积环境密切相关。冰川沉积释光采样需注意几个方面：（1）详细的地貌学和沉积学调查及对采样点的选择;（2）较适合释光测年的冰水沉积和冰缘风成沉积采集及其与冰川作用期次的联系;（3）冰碛夹层中的冰水砂透镜体的选取;（4）冰碛垄采样时垂直与水平方向上的考量;（5）岩石释光测年的发展使砾石成为当前第四纪冰川释光测年采样的一种选择。室内进行释光等效剂量测试时,也有几个关键的选择：（1）粗颗粒石英光释光测年是末次冰期以来冰川作用的首选方法;（2）如果样品年代老于石英测年上限,或者石英不适合测试,则可考虑钾长石后红外高温释光测年方法;（3）单颗粒、小测片和岩石释光埋藏测年技术可以鉴别样品的晒退情况,是目前最适合冰川沉积释光测年的几种选择;（4）如有条件,尝试用不同矿物、不同粒径、不同方法进行测试对比和交叉检验。要获得第四纪冰川释光测年的最佳年代学结果,地貌学、沉积学和年代学的结合是非常必要的。 相似文献
4.
河北三河晚更新世地层粒度特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过详细测量河北三河齐心庄一带第四纪剖面、采集光释光测年样品和粒度样品,分析该区地层形成年龄、沉积速率、各粒度样品粒度参数、频率分布曲线及概率累积曲线,进而推断其沉积环境。实测剖面显示地层可以分为20层,沉积物以细砂、粉砂和黏土为主。第2层光释光地质年龄为12.23±1.32ka,第19层光释光地质年龄为19.35±2.10ka,故实测剖面为晚更新世末期堆积,根据地层厚度及年龄测定结果测算出该区平均沉积速率为0.071cm/a。12个粒度样品频率分布曲线均为不对称的单峰态,表明沉积物成分单一,为相对稳定条件下形成。概率累积曲线分为两段式和三段式,滚动组分较少,总体为能量相对不高的沉积环境。地层自下而上呈现明显的旋回性沉积特征,存在两种韵律沉积模式:"中砂-细砂-粉砂"和"粉砂-黏土"。结合区域地质特征,综合分析结果显示河北三河晚更新世地层形成于相对稳定的低水能条件下的河流环境,进一步可细分为河流砂坝和泛滥平原沉积。本文研究结果对于探讨华北北部平原的形成与发展过程、潮白河下游的变迁历史、晚更新世末期的沉积速率提供了重要的基础资料和数据。实测剖面位于新夏垫断裂的下盘,本文测试结果对于研究新夏垫活断裂两盘的差异性活动和断裂性质提供了重要的资料。 相似文献
5.
对处于中国西北黄土高原沙漠边缘曹岘厚层黄土剖面上部进行了光释光年代初步研究。实验结果表明,45~63μm石英颗粒的光释光信号以快组分为主,适合应用单片再生剂量法(SAR)测年。在自然和再生剂量预热温度为260℃持续10秒,检测剂量预热温度为160℃持续0秒的条件下,石英单片再生剂量法获得的光释光年龄随样品深度而增加。但是,剖面底部S1古土壤和L2顶部黄土样品的光释光年龄仅为69.1±5.5ka和72.0±4.6ka,表现出30 ％ ~50 ％ 的年龄低估。利用多片再生剂量法(MAR)得到的年龄与SAR方法所得年龄无显著差异,即出现了类似的年龄低估现象。在20.1~18.8ka时段内,该剖面的沉积速率超过500cm/ka。末次冰盛期的寒冷气候,与沙漠的距离以及近邻黄河的地貌特点共同造成了如此高的沉积速率。 相似文献
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7.
埋藏古河道沉积物年代学框架的建立对于探讨当地水系演变过程、重建气候演化历史具有重要意义。本文用光释光(OSL)测年中的简单多片再生法(SMAR)和单片再生法(SAR)对南京市区汉府街埋藏古河道堆积物钻孔样品进行了光释光测年,对岩芯中含有的植物碎片进行了AMS 14C测年。光释光等效剂量(De)的预热坪实验表明,在 200～260℃的预热温度范围内均能获得基本一致的De值,并得到了剂量恢复实验支持。样品的光释光年龄和树轮校正的AMS 14C年龄吻合,结果显示N06S6孔秦淮河古河道沉积是不连续的,主要堆积于6.6ka至7.9ka期间和14ka至15ka期间。末次冰盛期期间,秦淮河下切形成深达至少42m的古河谷。 相似文献
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9.
沉积物光释光(OSL)测年方法按所用激发光源波长可分为绿光释光(GLSL)和红外释光(IAsL)两种技术。前者用波长514.5nm或514土15urn绿光束激发石英矿物产生释光信号进行测年;后者通常用波长800～950urn红外线束激发钾长石产生释光信号进行测年。对于同一个含有石英和钾长石碎屑矿物的沉积物样品,同时进行绿光释光和红外释光测年并对比其结果,也许可获得光释光测年可靠性的一种自检。为此,我们对郑州郎山黄土剖面中8个马兰黄土样品作了试验。每个样品都制备成细粒(4～11pm)组分约40个测片,分成4组(各为6,8,18和6个)分别作天然、天然加p剂量诱发、天然经90分钟阳光表回郎山马兰黄 相似文献
10.
断层崩积楔单片再生法光释光测年:以山西忻定盆地西田探槽为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究断层崩积楔各部位沉积物光释光信号晒退情况及崩积楔形成年龄,利用中颗粒石英(63~90μm)单片再生法(SAR)对山西忻定盆地西田探槽断层崩积楔3个部位的4个样品进行光释光(OSL)定年。选择一代表性样品(08-OSL-22)进行等效剂量(DE)、LN/TN、循环比率、回授率与预热温度的关系分析,结果表明预热温度260℃、预热时间10 s为样品最佳预热条件。4个样品的测片循环比率基本在0.9~1.1之间,回授率均小于5%,表明所采用的中颗粒SAR法流程可以很好地校正测量过程中产生的释光感量变化,其等效剂量可信。利用等效剂量分布直方图和累积频率图,发现古地形面和坡积物的样品晒退均匀,崩积层样品则较差。对于晒退较差的样品利用累积频率法得到其等效剂量,从而得到崩积楔的近似年龄。最后获得该期崩积楔的形成年龄为(27.09±0.71)ka。 相似文献
11.
LEE J. ARNOLD RICHARD G. ROBERTS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2011,40(3):389-416
Arnold, L. J. & Roberts, R. G. 2011: Paper I – Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of perennially frozen deposits in north?central Siberia: OSL characteristics of quartz grains and methodological considerations regarding their suitability for dating. Boreas, Vol. 40, pp. 389–416. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2011.00209.x. ISSN 0300?9483. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of coarse‐grained quartz is increasingly being used as the main chronological tool in late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of Siberia. However, relatively little information has been published on the suitability of OSL dating for the various types of perennially frozen sediments found in this region. Here we provide a systematic examination of the quartz luminescence characteristics of 21 perennially frozen samples from the Taimyr Peninsula and adjacent coastal lowlands of north‐central Siberia, and discuss their implications for the reliability of single‐grain and multi‐grain OSL chronologies in such contexts. The results of this study suggest that the quartz luminescence characteristics of these samples are, in principle, favourable for OSL dating but, in practice, require that a series of validation checks are made of the chosen experimental conditions. If these tests are satisfied, then reliable OSL chronologies should be obtained for sedimentary deposits in this region. Importantly, however, the single‐grain and multi‐grain aliquot equivalent dose (De) distribution characteristics for our samples reveal that there are advantages in targeting certain types of depositional settings for OSL dating studies of Siberian sediments. We also show that samples from the same depositional settings, and even from the same sites, do not necessarily display similar De distribution characteristics. The latter complication favours the use of single‐grain analysis to unravel the bleaching and burial histories of young (mid‐ to late Holocene) sediments in these Arctic environments. 相似文献
12.
D. Vandenberghe C. Kasse S. M. Hossain F. De Corte P. Van Den Haute M. Fuchs A. S. Murray 《第四纪科学杂志》2004,19(1):73-86
A study was made of the applicability of three different techniques for equivalent dose (De) determination in the optical dating of quartz: the single‐aliquot regenerative‐dose technique (SAR), the single‐aliquot additive‐dose technique (SAAD) and the multiple‐aliquot additive‐dose technique (MAAD). For this purpose, quartz grains were extracted from a sequence of Upper Pleniglacial to Late‐glacial coversands exposed at the locality of Ossendrecht in the southwestern Netherlands, a site for which both radiocarbon and earlier luminescence dates are available, providing independent age control. Upon testing the different assumptions underlying each of the three OSL techniques investigated, the SAR protocol was found to be the technique of choice. The optical ages obtained with this protocol were in good agreement with the chronostratigraphical position of the sediments investigated and with the available chronostratigraphical information on the same and equivalent deposits. This confirms the suitability of the SAR technique for dating coversands. Furthermore, a small laboratory intercomparison of SAR‐based De determinations yielded results that were in fair overall agreement. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Lee J. Arnold Martina Demuro Marta Navazo Alfonso Benito‐Calvo Alfredo Pérez‐González 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(2):285-305
In this study we present optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results obtained at one of the most important open‐air Middle Palaeolithic sites in the Sierra de Atapuerca foothills – Hotel California. We also assess the possibility of obtaining extended‐range OSL chronologies for a nearby Middle Pleistocene fluvial deposit using several novel methods, namely OSL dating of individual quartz ‘supergrains’, multi‐grain aliquot thermally transferred OSL (TT‐OSL) dating and the first application of a single‐grain TT‐OSL dating procedure. Four single‐grain OSL ages constrain the Middle Palaeolithic occupation of Hotel California to between 71±6 and 48±3 ka. The Hotel California single‐grain equivalent dose (De) distributions are highly overdispersed and contain several dose populations, which are probably attributable to post‐depositional sediment mixing, partial bleaching and intrinsic scatter. The reliability of multi‐grain aliquot OSL dating is compromised by the complex underlying De dispersion affecting these samples, as well as by biasing multi‐grain averaging effects. Extended‐range OSL and TT‐OSL chronologies for the nearby Pico River terrace are consistent with each other and with broad independent age control. These experimental approaches yield a weighted average age of 348±16 ka for terrace TA9 of the Arlanzón River sequence. Our results highlight the benefits of comparing ages obtained using several OSL methodologies to improve the robustness of luminescence chronologies. They also demonstrate the potential that single‐grain OSL techniques offer for establishing improved age constraints on the many other Middle Palaeolithic sites found at Atapuerca and elsewhere across north‐central Spain. 相似文献
14.
Chronology and the upper dating limit for loess samples from Luochuan section in the Chinese Loess Plateau using quartz OSL SAR protocol 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Luminescence dating of loess older than 100 ka has long been a challenge. It has been recently reported that, using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of fine-grained quartz (4–11 μm) extracted from loess, the range of luminescence dating could be pushed to 0.6 Ma with OSL ages being in agreement with independent ages [Watanuki, T., Murray, A.S., Tsukamoto, S., 2005. Quartz and polymineral luminescence dating of Japanese loess over the last 0.6 Ma: comparison with an independent chronology. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 240, 774–789]. The aim of this study is to provide a luminescence chronology (20 samples) for the standard Luochuan loess section, and to further examine the upper limit of quartz OSL dating for Chinese loess. The growth curve does not saturate at 700 Gy, and should allow reliable equivalent dose (De) determination up to at least 400 Gy. However, when compared with independent chronological control, the De that could be treated as reliable is less than 230 Gy (corresponding to 70 ka in age for Chinese loess), and the De larger than 230 Gy should be underestimated. Ages for samples from the lower part of palaeosol S1 are severely underestimated, with the maximum age of 95 ka for a sample from the bottom of this palaeosol, much younger than the expected age of 128 ka. The maximum De obtained for sample L9/M, collected from loess layer L9 which is below the Matuyama–Brunhes (B/M) boundary whose age is 780 ka, is only 403 Gy which corresponds to an age of 107 ka. The cause of underestimation is not yet clear. The previous results by Watunuki et al. (2005) on the extension of OSL dating of loess to 0.6 Ma is not confirmed. When evaluating the validity of OSL ages in S1, another possibility is to question the already established chronological frame for Luochuan section, which is based on the hypothesis of continuous dust deposition. The assumption of an erosion hiatus between L2 and S1 could make the OSL ages look reasonable. However, if this is the case, then it is difficult to explain why the age of sample L9/M is only 107 ka which could be treated as a saturation age, while the OSL can provide a correct age for loess as old as 94.9 ka for sample LC22 collected from the bottom of S1. Much work is required to clarify these confusions. 相似文献
15.
砂岩型铀矿微区原位U-Pb同位素定年技术方法研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
铀矿物定年一直是成矿年代学中的难点,随着微区原位U-Pb同位素定年技术的发展,可以直接针对矿石矿物(铀矿物)进行同位素定年;但是其中的砂岩型铀矿由于其存在状态复杂,在原位定年中剥蚀要求高,也缺乏合适的外部校正标准物质,所以定年准确度有待提高。本文研究了两种微区原位U-Pb同位素测年的方法,对砂岩型铀矿定年进行了尝试,试图解决铀矿测年中的无基体匹配问题并提高砂岩型铀矿定年水平。一是建立了一种激光剥蚀多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪联合电子探针进行微区原位U-Pb同位素测年的技术(LA-MC-ICP-MS&EMPA)。通过优化实验方法,对秦岭陈家庄花岗岩型铀矿进行了测试,获得与同位素稀释热电离质谱法(ID-TIMS)一致的年龄结果,证明了微区原位U-Pb同位素测年无基体匹配标准物质分析的可行性;并利用此法获得鄂尔多斯盆地红庆河和塔然高勒砂岩型铀矿的微区原位U-Pb同位素年龄信息。二是尝试了利用飞秒激光剥蚀多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法(fsLA-MC-ICP-MS)对红庆河和宁夏宁东砂岩型铀矿样品进行微区原位U-Pb同位素定年,并获得了微区原位U-Pb同位素年龄,表明飞秒激光剥蚀技术在砂岩型铀矿定年中有很好的应用前景。本文提出,比较单一且年龄偏老的单矿物样品可以选择LA-MC-ICP-MS&EMPA联合法进行分析,需要高空间分辨率的样品建议使用fsLA-MC-ICP-MS法。 相似文献
16.
粤北石角围花岗岩型铀矿床沥青铀矿LA-ICP-MS原位U-Pb定年研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
石角围花岗岩型铀矿床位于粤北下庄铀矿田东部,沥青铀矿是矿床的主要矿石矿物,也是厘定成矿年龄的理想对象。前人采用同位素稀释法(ID-TIMS)和电子探针U-Th-totalPb化学定年法获得的成矿年龄为38～138Ma,但前人年龄变化范围大,可靠性有待考究,难以有效约束矿床的成矿时代。本文利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析技术,对石角围矿床矿石中沥青铀矿开展了原位U-Pb定年。研究表明:沥青铀矿的206Pb/238U年龄为52. 46～56. 89Ma,加权平均年龄为54. 68±0. 53Ma(MSWD=1. 19,n=18)。本次沥青铀矿原位U-Pb定年与前人相比更好地避免了矿物包裹体、后期次生变化、显微裂隙等因素的影响,获得的沥青铀矿原位U-Pb同位素年龄代表矿床的成矿年龄。本研究获得的石角围矿床成矿年龄(～55Ma)与华南花岗岩型铀矿床主成矿期(～50Ma)相一致,指示石角围矿床铀成矿作用与华南岩石圈局部伸展作用下的断裂构造活动密切相关。 相似文献
17.
由于聚合态的硅酸无法与钼酸根定量络合,采用硅钼蓝比色分光光度法测定地质样品中的硅,其关键在于如何将固体试样消解制备成溶液且保证硅酸全部以单分子状态存在。本文以氢氟酸-硝酸封闭酸溶消解地质样品,使样品中的硅完全转化为氟硅酸稳定存在于溶液中;再加入硼酸和钼酸铵,使过量的氢氟酸与硼酸生成稳定的BF~-_4配离子,此步骤代替了蒸干赶除氢氟酸,从而避免了赶酸过程中硅与氟离子转化为气态SiF_4而挥发损失,在钼酸铵作用下,硅则充分转变为硅钼杂多酸。在显色过程中通过加入丙酮显著提高了硅钼黄的稳定性,且在一定程度上增加了吸光度,从而改善了硅钼蓝分光光度法测定硅的显色效果。该方法避免了常规碱熔消解样品后在酸化过程中硅酸易聚合、引入大量熔剂造成空白偏高等问题,经岩石、土壤、沉积物和石英岩国家标准物质分析验证,SiO_2测试结果准确且重现性好(RSD1%,n=10),适用于一般地质样品中硅的快速、准确分析。 相似文献
18.
博斯腾湖湖泊沉积物光释光年代测量* 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
使用光释光年代学的单片再生法测量了博斯腾湖沉积剖面中碳酸盐泥及粉砂质泥底部的浅湖相灰色粉细砂和风成沙的年龄,对剖面上部碳酸盐层中陆生植物残体进行了AMS 14 C测年。通过不同测片的等效剂量(De)值的分布状况评价了样品的晒褪程度,选择不随灵敏度校正后的自然释光信号变化的相对集中的等效剂量(De)值计算了样品的埋藏年龄。通过这些年龄结果的对比,发现石英矿物的OSL年龄和AMS 14 C年龄在地层上是一致的,表明尽管在浅湖相细砂中存在不完全晒褪,但根据相对较小而集中的De值计算得到的年龄结果是可靠的。这些年龄结果和地层资料揭示末次冰消期以来至早全新世,博斯腾湖处于无水干盆地向深水湖泊转化的浅水湖泊状态,现代深水博斯腾湖大约形成于距今8ka前后。 相似文献
19.
Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of polymineral fine-grained loess samples collected from the southern Loess
Plateau of China was conducted using the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol. A ‘Double-SAR’ procedure in which
aliquots are subjected to both infrared (IR) and blue stimulations was used, and two sets of equivalent dose (D
e
) determinations were produced. These doses are assumed to be predominantly related to the feldspathic and quartz fine grain
populations, respectively. The results revealed that the OSL ages estimated by infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals
and those estimated by [post-IR] stimulated luminescence ([post-IR] OSL) signals disagreed. Specifically, the ages estimated
using the IRSL signals were smaller than those estimated using [post-IR] OSL signals. The results of an anomalous fading test
of the two types of OSL signals revealed that the [post-IR] OSL signals from the etched sub-sample (by H2SiF6 and HF) and the un-etched sub-sample did not fade significantly. However, the IRSL signals from the un-etched sub-sample
showed obvious signs of fading. These findings indicate that the lower age estimated by IRSL is due to the anomalous fading
of feldspar IR signals in the polymineral fine grains. For samples collected from greater than 100 cm, the estimates of their
OSL ages using two types of luminescence signals generally agreed with their pre-estimated ages, especially those of the [post-IR]
OSL signals. However, for the three samples that were collected from a depth of less than 100 cm, their OSL ages were remarkably
underestimated, possibly due to the enhanced human activity (such as soil cultivation) that has occurred in the region since
3000 a B.P. 相似文献
20.
以渤海湾沿海低地的QX02孔为研究对象,进行了沉积岩石学分析和底栖有孔虫统计,结合加速器质谱~(14)C测年和光释光(optically stimulated luminescence,OSL)测年,探讨了该孔记录的第Ⅱ海相层埋深和形成时代。第Ⅱ海相层厚度11.4m,记录相对海面高度-26.83~-15.43m。AMS~(14)C年龄表明,Ⅱ海形成于MIS 3早期、甚至更早。OSL年代学研究显示,Ⅱ海样品等效剂量离散度较高,并且主要集中在2个区间,计算得到新、老2个年龄阶段。基于OSL测年原理的常规判断,认为较老的83.5~62.6ka阶段系受曝光不充分组分的影响,通常采用较年轻的51.9~39.9ka阶段为QX02孔的Ⅱ海沉积年龄。但是,较老的一组年龄从新的视角,暗示了可能的原始沉积过程及相应的海侵发生时间,因而具有重要的年代学和沉积学意义。 相似文献