共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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山东青州市耕地利用方式对土壤养分状况影响研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过调查山东省青州市不同耕地利用方式间土壤养分数据,利用数理统计处理软件对土壤养分数据进行处理分析,对耕地利用方式与土壤养分状况之间的关系进行了系统探讨。结果表明,不同耕地利用方式对土壤中有机质、大量元素以及中量元素都有显著的影响。对有机质和大量元素的影响程度为碱解氮>有效磷>全氮>速效钾>缓效钾>有机质;对中量元素的影响程度为交换性钙>交换性镁>有效硅>有效硫;土壤中的微量元素除有效锌、硼在不同耕地利用方式间有差异性外,耕地利用方式的变化对有效锰、铜、铁以及氯离子均没有显著的影响。 相似文献
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棉花滴灌专用肥氮磷钾元素在土壤中的运移及其利用率 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
棉花滴灌专用肥是基于绿洲干旱区域滴灌施肥和棉花需肥特点研发的新型复合肥。通过田间试验,对比研究了滴灌专用肥与常规肥的不同养分在土壤中的运移特点及滴灌棉花的养分利用率。结果表明:在膜下滴施条件下,滴灌专用肥的氮、磷、钾养分在土壤中的移动性强于常规肥,养分在土层中的分布与棉花根系分布特点吻合度好,促进了棉花根系养分吸收,提高了养分利用率;棉花滴灌专用肥氮、磷、钾的生理利用效率较常规肥分别提高了3.62%、4.18%和1.45%,农学利用率较常规肥分别提高了29.37%、29.2%和29.38%;在等养分条件下,滴施专用肥增产籽棉6.9%。 相似文献
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江浙典型茶园土壤铜含量的空间分异对比分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
土壤铜含量是影响茶叶质量的关键性因素之一,对其空间分布规律及其影响因素加以揭示,可为茶叶生产与品质提升提供理论指导与调控建议.以江浙典型茶园为例,运用ArcGIS空间分析功能,对比分析江浙典型地区茶园表层土壤铜的空间分异特征.结果表明:江浙茶园土壤铜的平均水平均符合茶园土壤环境质量的相关标准,且都具有强烈的空间相关性.江苏茶园土壤铜含量呈现西密东疏的团块状分布,空间分异不明显,少数区域出现高值,受区域因素的影响较大;而浙江茶园铜含量呈现高密度多同心圆状分布,空间分异显著,总体集中偏低,除与地势有较大关联性外,还受到一定程度的人为活动的干扰以及小地形气候的影响. 相似文献
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根据 110余个表层土壤样品微量元素含量的测定结果和通用的土壤微量元素缺乏临界值指标,探讨了川西北草原土壤微量元素的供给能力以及与之有关的含量水平、有效性及其影响因素。统计计算结果表明:川西北草原土壤有效硼和锰含量很低,硼、锰缺乏较为严重和普遍;有效锌含量不高,约有1/4的土壤供锌不足;有效铜和铁含量丰富,基本上不缺。 相似文献
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小流域自然土壤与耕作土壤养分比较及影响因素分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对河北省易县观坐岭小流域自然土壤和耕作土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾及微量元素有效含量的测定分析,得出了该小流域自然土壤和耕作土壤的肥力状况.结果表明:自然土壤中有机质和速效氮含量处于较高水平;速效钾含量丰富,速效磷比较缺乏;有效Fe、Mn含量处于高水平,有效Cu、Zn含量中等.自然土壤开垦为耕作土壤后,有机质和速效氮含量下降;由于施肥原因,速效磷含量明显增高;速效钾含量因母质影响有所下降.海拔与土壤养分变化的相关性小明显,不同坡位土壤养分表现出向下汇集的趋势.并从自然环境、人为影响、地形母质等方面分析土壤养分变化的影响因素. 相似文献
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《湿地科学》2015,(6)
2009年5月,在黄河入海口北部的盐沼区域,按照植物类型设置了9块采样地,研究不同植物群落下盐沼土壤中硼和铝含量的分布特征及主要影响因素。结果表明,采样区盐沼土壤(0~60 cm深度)的平均硼质量比为(51.85±11.52)mg/kg,明显高于中国土壤硼含量背景值(42 mg/kg)以及黄土区的土壤硼含量(45.1 mg/kg),但略低于华北冲积平原土壤硼含量(56.2 mg/kg);盐沼土壤的平均铝质量比为(45.15±5.31)g/kg,明显低于中国土壤铝含量背景值(66.55 g/kg)、华北冲积平原土壤铝含量(63.95 g/kg)和黄土区土壤铝含量(57.55 g/kg);尽管各采样地土壤含量差异较大,但是在由陆向海方向,盐沼土壤中硼和铝的分布特征整体相似,且在水平方向上的变异都为中等变异或弱变异,在垂直方向上,土壤硼和铝含量多呈波动变化,且在同一采样地土壤中二者含量的变化也存在较大差异;土壤硼含量、铝含量分别与土壤有机质、黏粒含量、粉粒含量都显著正相关,都与砂粒含量显著负相关。成土母质决定了黄河口盐沼土壤中硼和铝含量的空间分布,土壤有机质含量、粒度组成是影响二者空间分布的主导因素,而植物群落类型、潮汐和水盐条件对其分布亦具有重要影响。 相似文献
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Hjh Dulima Jali 《湿地科学》2003,1(1):40-50
Given that organic soil is a complex substrate and there are many environmental factors which directly or indirectly control its decomposition processes, the use of standard substrate simplify the system in that the effect of substrate quality could be eliminated and influence of certain environmental conditions such as edaphic factors, acidity and moisture could be focused on. In addition to the forest floor, decomposition potential down the peat profile can also be examined. Cotton strip assay was used to estimate decomposition potentials in tropical peat swamp occupied by different Shorea Albida peat swamp forest communities, The 'Alan Batu' , the ' Alan Bunga' , the 'Alan Padang' and the ' mixed Alan' forest communities.Greatest decay rates on the peat surface took place during the wet period. The moist condition of the wet months appeared to favour the growth and stimulate activities of decomposer population and soil invertebrates. Generally, 50% of cotton tensile loss is achieved after four weeks 相似文献
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WILLIAM G MOSELEY 《The Geographical journal》2005,171(1):36-55
This study examines the hypothesis that poor households engage in less sustainable soil management practices than rich households in a similar socioeconomic environment. This broad objective is explored in Mali's southern cotton belt through three specific research questions. First, is there empirical evidence to support the claim that poor households engage in less sustainable soil management practices than rich households? Second, what local and extra-local factors influence household agricultural management approaches in southern Mali? Third, what broader scale political and economic processes are linked to the factors that influence local-level agricultural management approaches? The author reports that soil quality measures on the farms of rich and poor households are not significantly different, refuting the conventional wisdom that the wealthy are better managers of the environment. A variety of environmentally deleterious practices are associated with export-oriented cotton production, an activity more vigorously pursued by wealthy than poor farmers. Finally, the focus on poverty in international environment and development discourse has allowed the government of Mali to avoid a serious debate on the sustainability of cotton production. The study's findings are based on household interviews describing agricultural management practices, an analysis of farm field soil measures, and discussions with donors and national policymakers. 相似文献
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Z. M. Sawan L. I. Hanna Gh. A. Gad El Karim W. L McCuistion 《Journal of Arid Environments》2002,52(4):499
Fruiting of cotton plant is determined and influenced by cultivar, climatic conditions, management practices and pests. An understanding of the flowering and boll retention patterns of cotton cultivars can contribute to more efficient and economical crop management. The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of various climatic factors on flower and boll production of Egyptian cotton. This could be used in formulating advanced predictions of the effect of certain climatic conditions on the production of Egyptian cotton. Two uniform field trials, using cotton Gossypium barbadense cv. Giza 75 were carried out in 1992 and 1993 at the Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt, to investigate the relationships between climatic factors, flower and boll production. Climatic factors included maximum and minimum air temperatures along with their difference, evaporation, surface soil temperature (grass temperature or green cover temperature) at 0600 and 1800 h°C−1, sunshine duration, maximum and minimum humidity and wind speed. The effects of climatic factors on flower and boll production were quantified in the absence of water and nutritional deficits and damage effects of insects. Results obtained indicate that evaporation, sunshine duration, humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, were the important climatic factors that significantly affect flower and boll production of Egyptian cotton. Consequently, applying appropriate specific cultural practices that minimize the deleterious effect of these factors will lead to an improvement in cotton yield. 相似文献
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快速、无损监测农田土壤水分含量,是智慧农业的重要研究内容。以新疆南疆阿拉尔国家农业科技园区膜下滴灌棉田为研究对象,运用EM38-MK2大地电导率仪快速、高效的获取了4组不同时期的棉田土壤表观电导率数据,并同步采集表层土壤(0~20 cm)样品,通过构建表观电导率数据与室内测定含水量数据间的反演模型获取了测点的含水量数据,并按照土壤水分干旱分级标准对研究区土壤水分进行划分,综合利用GIS软件和地统计方法对土壤水分的时空变异性进行研究。结果表明:4个时期的土壤水分反演模型决定系数均大于0.80且均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对百分误差(MAPE)均较小,表明反演模型精度较高,土壤表观电导率与表层土壤水分相关性较好;不同时期土壤含水量数据表明土壤水分具有很强的时间变异性,变异性由中等变异转变为弱变异再转变为中等变异;受人为灌溉等因素的影响,变异函数模型也存在差异;半方差分析中4个时期的土壤水分块金值与基台值之比均大于75%,表明土壤水分在空间上趋近于弱空间相关;高程反距离权重(IDW)插值图及水分克里格插值图表明微地形是影响土壤水分分布的重要因素。本研究可为干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤水分动态监测提供重要的方法支撑,从而更好地指导农业灌溉。 相似文献
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新疆棉花基地布局研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆棉区是我国正在开发建设的优质棉花基地。本文阐述了新疆棉区在我国的战略地位,从自然生态和社会经济诸因素分析评价了新疆棉花生产的利弊条件,探讨了新疆棉花基地的发展方向和远景规模,划分了新疆棉花生产的适宜区和经济区,并在此基础上提出新疆棉花基地区域布局的设想。 相似文献