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针对地图制图中色彩选择较为困难的问题,该文收集国内外优秀地图、地图集、著作等上成功的设色方案,提取大量地图色彩样本。利用核密度估计方法,分析各类地图的常用色域区间,作为地图配色时的基色调。根据大量的地图色彩样本,利用定量的数学方法以及数据挖掘方法,探索地图色域特征分布规律。最后以收集的人口地图和环保地图颜色样本为例进行实验分析,对比证明本文方法能够很好地缩小地图色域选择区间,方便制图者根据地图种类选择颜色。 相似文献
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Anthony C. Robinson 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):293-310
ABSTRACTMaking and sharing maps is easier than ever, and social media platforms make it possible for maps to rapidly attain widespread visibility and engagement. Such maps can be considered examples of viral cartography – maps that reach rapid popularity via social media dissemination. In this research we propose a framework for evaluating the design and social dissemination characteristics of viral maps. We apply this framework in two case studies using maps that reached wide audiences on Twitter. We then analyze collections of maps derived from and inspired by viral maps using image analysis and machine learning to characterize their design elements. Based on our initial work to conceptualize and analyze virality in cartography, we propose a set of new research challenges to better understand viral mapmaking and leverage its social affordances. 相似文献
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《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):77-93
AbstractWhile concepts and theories about design underpin the work of the professional cartographer, it is unrealistic for most map-makers to be cognisant of the plethora of techniques available to support excellence in design. In the second part of our paper to reassert the relevance of design in cartography, we present the results of a survey of cartographic experts drawn from the academic and professional world. The survey asked participants to present their top ten most expertly designed maps from throughout history. Here, we share the most frequently cited maps that emerged from that survey and describe why they exhibit design excellence. By showing map-makers a range of high-quality cartographic work, we aim to provide exemplars that demonstrate how design affects a map and expertly marries form with function. The techniques on display are well executed and create products that are both well suited to their purpose and have an aesthetic quality that invites people to take notice. They are all, in their own ways, beautiful examples of the art of design in cartography. We have deliberately avoided a ‘top ten’ approach and, instead, offer three examples in a range of map categories. The examples are neither definitive, nor exhaustive and should act as a starting point to explore design in cartography from those who have managed to set the bar high. 相似文献
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none 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):70-76
AbstractCartographers have always been concerned about the appearance of maps and how the display marries form with function. An appreciation of map design and the aesthetic underpins our fascination with how each and every mark works to create a display with a specific purpose. Yet debates about what constitutes design and what value it has in map-making persist. This is particularly acute in the modern map-making era as new tools, technology, data and approaches make map-making a simpler process in some respects, yet make designing high-quality maps difficult to master in others. In the first part of a two-part paper, we explore what we mean by map design and how we might evaluate it and apply it in a practical sense. We consider the value of aesthetics and also discuss the role of art in cartography taking account of some recent debates that we feel bring meaning to how we think about design. Our intent here is to reassert some of the key ideas about map design in cartography and to provide a reference for the second part of the paper where we present the results of a survey of cartographers. The survey was used to identify a collection of maps that exhibit excellence in design which we will showcase as examplars. 相似文献
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主要阐述了研制电子出版系统下面地图制图的印刷颜色色册的意义和作用,在些基础上,从新的视点出发,提出了一种在内容和表示方法上均与传统色谱不同的色样册的构想,并深入探讨了其研制实现的技术方案和要点,指出这方面研究应努力的方向和现有条件下的可行性工作。 相似文献
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Laurent Jégou 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):182-188
ABSTRACTIn this article, we describe some ideas based on Bertin’s Sémiologie Graphique with a focus on extending it for aesthetic quality issues in cartography. We consider research in semiotics, aesthetics, and graphic design, with some fruitful results about the use of color or composition. We present several tools, oriented toward a pedagogical use and accessibility, helping to examine the color composition of an expressing image or to create meaningful gradients. While Bertin’s concepts still remain relevant and efficient, specific ideas can be developed further, to adapt to current media and gain from scientific advances from related disciplines. 相似文献
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根据地图表达地理属性的量表性质,将地图设色方案分为定性设色、顺序设色和双向设色等3种方式。基于这3种地图设色方式的特点,根据红-绿色盲的光谱特性,设计了一系列实验地图,通过颜色辨识的心理学实验,分析了红-绿色盲的视觉特征,初步揭示出一些针对红-绿色盲人群使用的地图设色原则,为制作红-绿色盲人群使用的地图提供了有效的参考。 相似文献
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精品宁夏旅游地图的编制 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
从旅游地图的制图角度出发,分析了宁夏旅游地图的发展,找出其不足。本文提出制作精品宁夏旅游地图,从宁夏旅游地图的选题、色彩设计、地图符号设计、图面配置及整饰提出设想或建议,挖掘它的潜力,使之能成为宁夏独具特色的“旅游广告”,把宁夏旅游信息传递给来自各方的旅游者。 相似文献
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I. V. Garmiz 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):151-160
A second installment on the theory of scaling in cartography (see MSRS, 1987, No. 2, pp. 104-111) focuses on the design of scaling (symbolization) systems. Attention is devoted to the reasons for the lack of correspondence between numerical relationships of values being depicted on maps and quantitative relationships in the scaling system(s) used to represent them. The most visually dominant attributes of symbols (form, color) in the scaling system should be used to represent the most dominant characteristic of the mapped objects. A final section contains recommendations for symbol design at different levels (nominal, ordinal, etc.) of scaling. Translated from: Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, seriya 7 [geologiya, geografiya], 1987, No. 3, pp. 53-60. 相似文献
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本文分3部分:第1部分是中国古代和近代地图学发展历史的简要回顾,阐明中国是世界上地图出现最早的国家之一,在世界地图学发展史上占有重要地位,对世界地图学的发展作出过重要贡献,直至15世纪的中国明代,中国地图和地图学始终领先于西方国家,只是清代以后,才落后于西方发达国家;第2部分阐述新中国成立后中国地图事业和地图学飞速发展,在全国地形图的测绘与编制、专题地图与地图集编制、遥感制图、计算机制图、多媒体电子地图、移动通信地图、互联网地图、地图学理论研究等方面取得了巨大成就,赶上了世界先进水平;第3部分提出新世纪中国地图与地图学方向与任务的调整,分析了大数据、互联网和人工智能时代地图学的机遇、挑战与展望。大数据通过三维动态地图可视化,能够显示事物和现象的空间格局与区域分异及时空动态变化,进而作出分析评价、预测预报、区划布局、规划设计、管理调控。因此地图学在大数据时代能够发挥重要作用。今后互联网将成为地图编制与应用的主要平台,地图会更加大众化、个性化、智能化与实用化。 相似文献
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《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):7-17
AbstractJohn Keates is very well known for his numerous scholarly contributions to cartography as an academic discipline and science. However, throughout his career, he was also very actively involved in the design and production of maps. Mostly these were specialized thematic maps produced as the result of scientific research in the field sciences, especially in geology, glaciology and vegetation studies. However, during the 1970s he was much involved in the design and production of a considerable number of maps for recreation purposes, including maps for orienteering. Many of these maps were regarded at that time as being extremely innovative in terms of their cartographic design and layout. The article outlines the development of what became known as the 'Glasgow' style of map design John Keates' involvement with recreation maps in the 1970s. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):247-257
Computer-generated maps have become commonplace over the past decade. Most internet search engines, for example, have the ability to generate maps in response to spatial queries and routes between specified origins and destinations. Advances in mobile computing technologies provide access to these mapping capabilities from virtually any location on the Earth's surface. Maps and map-making have become ubiquitous, and this phenomenon requires cartographers to rethink basic concepts about map design and map use. In this special issue we present five research projects that are focused on the emerging field of ubiquitous cartography. These projects were selected, in part, because they are representative of key research challenges that face the cartographic research community. In this introductory paper, key terms are defined and research challenges outlined. By way of this collected set of papers, ubiquitous cartography is presented as a new and important arena for cartographic research. 相似文献
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Sébastien Caquard 《The Cartographic journal》2014,51(2):101-106
AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the multiple ways of envisioning the relationships between maps and narratives. This is approached from a map making perspective. Throughout the process of editing this special issue, we have identified two main types of relationships. Firstly, maps have been used to represent the spatio-temporal structures of stories and their relationships with places. Oral, written and audio-visual stories have been mapped extensively. They raise some common cartographic challenges, such as improving the spatial expression of time, emotions, ambiguity, connotation, as well as the mixing of personal and global scales, real and fictional places, dream and reality, joy and pain. Secondly, the potential of maps as narratives and the importance of connecting the map with the complete mapping process through narratives is addressed. Although the potential of maps to tell stories has already been widely acknowledged, we emphasize the increasing recognition of the importance of developing narratives that critically describe the cartographic process and context in which maps unfold - the core idea of post-representational cartography. Telling the story about how maps are created and how they come to life in a broad social context and in the hands of their users has become a new challenge for mapmakers. 相似文献
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一种面向多应用的大比例地形图数据模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
张雪松 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(2):144-148
提出了一种新型的面向对象的大比例地形图数据模型 ,并给出了相应的数据结构与软件实现方法。实验证明 ,该模型能很好地满足传统制图与GIS的双重需求 ,实现数据一次采集便能同时进入地图数据库与地理数据库 ,具有较好的应用价值 相似文献
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Fourier-based multi-scale representation and progressive transmission of cartographic curves on the internet 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACTAutomatic generation of multi-scale representations from the same spatial data source has been the research focus in map generalization for a long time. Based on the Fourier technique, this paper proposes a continuous, multi-scale representation model for progressive transformation of cartographic curves on the Internet. In our method, all the curves, whether closed or open, are depicted as periodical functions which are further expressed as Fourier series. The convergence degrees of the Fourier series are explored for different kinds of curves, and truncating frequencies are derived based on the similarity between the original and reconstructed curves. Using information theory and the Radical Law in cartography, the relationship between map scales and Fourier frequencies is established. Based on the proposed multi-scale model, we also introduce the principles and implementation of a progressive transmission method. Our method is evaluated using the contours from a topographic map. The results show that our model is a valid approach to multi-scale representation of cartographic curves. 相似文献
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《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):250-256
Abstracttitle/>Lenticular visualisation methods are innovative advancements of modern presentation media in cartography. Owing to the mainly three-dimensional perception of people, this technique, in print as well as on screen, offers the possibility to introduce autostereoscopic, i.e. three-dimensional views in cartography. On the basis of true 3D, it has already found its way into the visualisation of relief relations. Moreover, it also opens perspectives for the more widespread products of thematic cartography (thematic maps). Multi-layered representation becomes possible on the basis of three-dimensional or sequentially differentiated depictions of spatial phenomena. Thus, several parameters or dimensions of cartographic content can be displayed at the same time. This essay discusses some potential applications of the lenticular foil technique for thematic cartography on a theoretical basis. 相似文献
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《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):179-213
AbstractTo what extent do European state topographic maps exhibit unique styles of cartography? This paper describes an investigation to classify and analyse stylistic diversity in the official 1 : 50 000 topographical mapping of 20 European countries. The method involves the construction of a typology of cartographic style, based upon the classification of distinct graphical legend symbols into mutually exclusive thematic categories. In order to identify stylistic similarities between national symbologies, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to compare the relative proportions of symbols within each category. This was complemented by a qualitative analysis of various aspects of cartographic design: colour, 'white' space, visual hierarchy, and lettering. The results indicate a high degree of stylistic diversity throughout Europe, with the symbologies of Great Britain and Ireland demonstrating the strongest example of a supranational style. The typology of cartographic symbologies is shown to be an effective method for determining stylistic association among maps of differing geographical (and potentially historical) origins and it is suggested that the cartographic language paradigm should be revisited as a means for understanding why national differences persist in state cartography. A version of this paper was presented at the Twenty-third International Cartographic Conference in Moscow. 相似文献