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青海柴木铁路多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果的模糊评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为综合评价多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果, 以青海柴木铁路为例, 通过分析筛选多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果评价因子, 给出各评价指标的层次结构, 建立综合评价模型, 确定工程效果评价分级标准与评价因子权重, 采用模糊数学方法对柴木铁路多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果进行评价, 评价结果显示: 柴木铁路多年冻土地区片石路基工程效果评价结果为较好状态的占86.1%, 处于一般状态的比例为7.5%, 处于较差状态的为6.4%, 没有处于良好状态的路段. 结合试验断面测温资料, 采用模糊方法的评价结果与野外实际观测结果基本相符, 说明此方法可运用于多年冻土区片石路基工程措施效果评价中. 相似文献
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结合工程实例，介绍了采用导向钻进非开挖穿越公路铺设煤气管道的施工设计、施工工艺、施工中遇到的技术难题及解决措施。 相似文献
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结合工程实例，介绍了采用导向钻进非开挖穿越公路铺设φ300 mm PE管的施工设计、施工工艺、施工中遇到的技术难题及解决措施。 相似文献
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20世纪50年代以来,中国长期坚持开展区域性和针对重大工程设施的风沙灾害研究工作和治理工程,并取得了一系列成果。这些区域风沙灾害防治工程尽管没有明确针对城镇,但客观上对城镇防沙起到了良好效果,已取得的防沙理论和研究成果为城镇防沙研究奠定了良好的理论基础。 相似文献
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20世纪50年代以来,中国长期坚持开展区域性和针对重大工程设施的风沙灾害研究工作和治理工程,并取得了一系列成果.这些区域风沙灾害防治工程尽管没有明确针对城镇,但客观上对城镇防沙起到了良好效果,已取得的防沙理论和研究成果为城镇防沙研究奠定了良好的理论基础.随着中国干旱地区的城镇化水平提高,以及因城镇风沙灾害而日益凸显的区域经济社会可持续发展和生态安全需求,在"十五"后期和"十一五"期间,国家科技支撑计划正式立项开展与城镇防沙有关的科研和实践,对推动城镇防沙理论与技术的深入研究发挥了重要作用,并取得了一些针对性成果.然而,相对于我国城镇防沙灾害现状,上述成果过于分散,难成体系,远不能满足迅速增长的城镇防沙技术需求. 相似文献
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南昆铁路岩溶洞穴预报技术 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
南昆铁路隧道地质条件复杂，岩溶等地质灾害严重，岩溶洞穴的预报是铁路建设中主要技术难题之一。为此，结合南昆铁路建设，开展了溶洞地貌预测方法和地下洞穴综合物探技术的试验研究，取得突出成果，为铁路的设计和施工提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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20世纪50年代以来,中国长期坚持开展区域性和针对重大工程设施的风沙灾害研究工作和治理工程,并取得了一系列成果.这些区域风沙灾害防治工程尽管没有明确针对城镇,但客观上对城镇防沙起到了良好效果,已取得的防沙理论和研究成果为城镇防沙研究奠定了良好的理论基础.随着中国干旱地区的城镇化水平提高,以及因城镇风沙灾害而日益凸显的区域经济社会可持续发展和生态安全需求,在“十五”后期和“十一五”期间,国家科技支撑计划正式立项开展与城镇防沙有关的科研和实践,对推动城镇防沙理论与技术的深入研究发挥了重要作用,并取得了一些针对性成果.然而,相对于我国城镇防沙灾害现状,上述成果过于分散,难成体系,远不能满足迅速增长的城镇防沙技术需求. 相似文献
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20世纪50年代以来,中国长期坚持开展区域性和针对重大工程设施的风沙灾害研究工作和治理工程,并取得了一系列成果.这些区域风沙灾害防治工程尽管没有明确针对城镇,但客观上对城镇防沙起到了良好效果,已取得的防沙理论和研究成果为城镇防沙研究奠定了良好的理论基础.随着中国干旱地区的城镇化水平提高,以及因城镇风沙灾害而日益凸显的区域经济社会可持续发展和生态安全需求,在"十五"后期和"十一五"期间,国家科技支撑计划正式立项开展与城镇防沙有关的科研和实践,对推动城镇防沙理论与技术的深入研究发挥了重要作用,并取得了一些针对性成果.然而,相对于我国城镇防沙灾害现状,上述成果过于分散,难成体系,远不能满足迅速增长的城镇防沙技术需求. 相似文献
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20世纪50年代以来,中国长期坚持开展区域性和针对重大工程设施的风沙灾害研究工作和治理工程,并取得了一系列成果.这些区域风沙灾害防治工程尽管没有明确针对城镇,但客观上对城镇防沙起到了良好效果,已取得的防沙理论和研究成果为城镇防沙研究奠定了良好的理论基础.随着中国干旱地区的城镇化水平提高,以及因城镇风沙灾害而日益凸显的区域经济社会可持续发展和生态安全需求,在"十五"后期和"十一五"期间,国家科技支撑计划正式立项开展与城镇防沙有关的科研和实践,对推动城镇防沙理论与技术的深入研究发挥了重要作用,并取得了一些针对性成果.然而,相对于我国城镇防沙灾害现状,上述成果过于分散,难成体系,远不能满足迅速增长的城镇防沙技术需求. 相似文献
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Mahmoud M. El Banna 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(6):1291-1299
Types, distribution, and origin of recent sand dunes between Rosetta and Idku, in the western sector of the Nile Delta, Egypt
were investigated. Sand samples from the dunes, beach, and seafloor were studied for grain size distribution and mineralogical
composition. It has been found that most of the dunes in the study area have been subjected to deterioration and removal due
to the construction of buildings and the International Coastal Highway. The remnant constitutes a damaged belt of foredunes
that extends from El Bouseily village to the west of Idku town. The dune’s origin is interpreted to be the result of coastal
drifting and the subsequent transport of sediments of the former Canopic Nile branch eastward by the predominant longshore
current and by aeolian processes. The blown sand grains accumulated to form a belt of coastal sand dunes of original longitudinal
and crescentic forms. Urbanization of the coast has severely altered the landscape. The study area is considered vulnerable
to the impacts of climate change and the expected rise in sea level. The outcome of potential sea level rise is serious; erosion
problems are expected to be exacerbated and vast areas from land and property would be lost. Thus, protection and preservation
the remaining dunes in the study area are vital requirements for shore protection. 相似文献
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Radiocarbon‐dated palaeontological remains and bedding features suggests that climatic changes in the northern Taklimakan Desert since the beginning of the Holocene can be divided into four stages: (i) 12 000–10 000 BP, a cool–to temperate–dry climate resulting in apparent alluvial–fluvial and weak aeolian activities; (ii) 10 000–8000 BP, a dry cold climate, resulting in large‐scale sand dune activity under regional desert expansion; (iii) 8000–3000 BP dry, warm climate, with a decreased area of shifting sand and the fixation of many sand dunes; (iv) 3000 BP to present, rising aeolian activity resulting in sandstorms, under the combined influence of climatic warming and excessive exploitation of land and water resources. Holocene deposits from profiles in the Northern Taklimakan Desert consist mainly of fine‐grained aeolian sand and silty clay. The fine aeolian sand was formed from re‐sorting of aeolian sand during the cold period of the Holocene, while the silty clay was formed by flood deposition in the Holocene warm period. The desert and desert steppe arboreal species and high CaCO3 content of the warm period strata suggest that the Holocene climate in the area, although generally dry, varied between warm/dry and cold/dry, and, especially in recent times, has become increasingly dry. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Many methods have been used to study wind erosion, a common phenomenon in arid and semi-arid regions. This paper documents a 2006 field study in which sediment samplers and steel pins were used to measure soil erosion, and sand drift potential was used to estimate wind erosion and transport in the eastern part of Ningxia Province, China. Wind energy in the study area was found to be moderate and sediments were transported from northwest to southeast. Sediment transport differed depending on the surface type: sediment transport was greatest in areas of shifting dunes, with cultivated land, semi-fixed dunes, and fixed dunes showing progressively less transport. Sediment transport was lowest in shrubland areas. The depth of erosion was 66 in cultivated areas, 33 in shifting dunes, 28 in semi-fixed dunes, 20 in fixed dunes, and 3 mm in shrublands. The extensive erosion of sediment in cultivated lands and the resultant decrease in surface height results in serious degradation and loss of soil fertility. 相似文献
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南疆铁路沿线风沙危害与工程防治 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章通过对南疆铁路沿线的概况、地质地貌、植被分布及气象状况,特别是风信状况的调查,阐明了沿线的自然状况。20世纪90年代,研究工作者在沿线风沙活动最为剧烈的巴楚地区设置定位观测站,对典型的活动沙丘特征进行观测,获得了沙丘移动的定量数据。同时在各种类型典型戈壁地段,设置积沙仪,在不同的风速情况下收集动态流沙,总结出当地的输沙率公式,为风沙防护提供了直接的设计依据。通过对各种工程防治措施的调查研究、特别是新材料试验,归纳出各种工程防沙结构的功能效果,提出适宜当地条件的新工程防沙结构模式。 相似文献
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Ayad Mohammed Fadhil 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(1):59-64
INTRODUCTIONAsandduneisanyaccumulationofsand grainsshapedintoamoundorridgebythewindunderthein fluenceofgravity .Sanddunesarecomparabletootherformsthatappearwhenafluidmovesoveraloosebed .Dunesarefoundwhereverloosesandiswindblown(Bagnold ,196 0 ) .MostofIraqianlandsareaffectedbywinderosion ,theformationandmovementofsanddunes ,particularlyinthemiddleandsouthofIraq .Thetotalareacoveredbysanddunesisapproximately 2mil lionshectares ,andthreatensmanyothermillionshectares (DougramejiandKaul,197… 相似文献
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Based on the development of railways in desert areas of China, the types, characteristics, schemes, measures and technical systems of wind-sand disaster prevention and control were systematically analyzed in this paper. In view of the regional characteristics of sandy areas and the genres of railway sand damage in China, the results achieved and problems faced of wind-sand hazard and prevention technology in quicksand surface, plateau cold region and Gobi gale area were discussed as a case study. Combined with the expanding trend of railways in desert zone in China at present, starting from the theoretical research and the practice of sand control in engineering, it was proposed that the railway sand harm of complicated terrain and special environment is the key research direction in the field of wind-sand engineering in the future, which is also the crucial and difficult point in the protection and control of railway sand hazard in sandy zones. 相似文献
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Jin Liu Bin Shi Yi Lu Hongtao Jiang He Huang Gonghui Wang Toshitaka Kamai 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(3):589-595
Sand erosion due to wind is a serious problem in the relatively arid and semiarid areas. A new organic polymer sand-fixing
agent (PVIN), polymerized by the monomer of vinyl acetate, initiator and cross-linking agent, is introduced in this study.
To understand the effect of PVIN on sand fixation, the strength test, water-retaining test and wind erosion test were performed.
The results indicated that the presence of PVIN could improve the structural strength, water retaining and anti-wind erosion
ability. When the sand-fixing agent was applied on the sand surface, the crust in surface layer was produced. The structural
strength variations determined by micropenetrometer indicated that the specimens treated with concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 10,
and 20% PVIN have produced the crusts with thickness being approximately 1, 2, 4–5, 5, and 5–6 mm and the strength being around
1, 4.5, 18, 26 and 41, respectively. This crust has a good water-absorption, water-retaining and anti-evaporation properties.
It can also improve the anti-wind erosion ability, and also prevent the loose sand surface from forming a sand dune in the
wind erosion conditions. Additionally, this sand-fixing agent has a low cost, it is easier to produce and apply and also produces
no additional pollution. Therefore, this can be considered as an ideal soil-fixing agents to control sand erosion in the relatively
arid and semiarid areas. 相似文献
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选择青海共和盆地多石在沟河道中6道新月形沙丘链作为研究对象,采用Trimble4700DGPS与常规测量手段,结合野外风沙观测与自动气象站数据,初步观测分析了2006年多石在沟河道沙丘在不同季节的形态变化过程,计算出2006年风季前比雨季后多石在沟河道沙丘体积减小了548.3m3,风积量为2351m3,流水的蚀平量为2899m3,2006年风水两相营力对河道沙丘的侵蚀贡献率约为45%∶55%,流水的搬运作用强于风力的堆积作用。但从较长的时间尺度来看,研究区的风力侵蚀作用强于流水侵蚀作用,河道沙丘不断增大。多石在沟河道沙丘是一个典型的风水交互作用系统,河道成为风力与流水交互作用的"中转站",在风水的交替作用下,沉积物由风积环境进入流水环境中。 相似文献
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DANIEL H. HOROWITZ 《Sedimentology》1982,29(2):155-180
Large-scale deformational features that disrupt the cross-bedded strata of some ancient wind-blown dune sand deposits (Jurassic Aztec and Navajo Sandstones, U.S.A.) can betraced laterally for at least tens of metres. Information from four exposures leads to an idealized deformation style characterized by (1) a ‘head’ portion marked by collapse features, (2) a middle portion marked by a thrust ramp or a large recumbent fold, and (3) a ‘toe’ portion marked by a planar shear zone with small recumbent folds, drag folds, and possibly small horizontal shear faults. An hypothesis involving earthquake-induced liquefaction and collapse of the dunes is proposed. Sands liquefied during earthquakes cannot support an unequal surface load, resulting in the collapse of surface dunes above the liquefied substrate. Compensatory lateral squeezing of liquefied sand and buried strata produces the shear zone in the ‘toe’ portion. Engineering studies suggest that buried strata underlying interdunal lows, where over-burden stress is least, will be most susceptible to liquefaction. Other considerations suggest that it will be the steeper lee sides of advancing surface dunes that collapse, squeezing liquefied sand forward or downwind, i.e. away from the lee slope of surface dunes. If the liquefied condition persists, load structures can be formed when unliquefied layers founder into the liquefied substrate. 相似文献