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1.
山东鲁西地块断裂构造分布型式与中生代沉积—岩浆—构造演化序列 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
鲁西地块的断裂构造有两类不同分布型式:一类呈放射状分布, 由陡倾、基底右行韧性剪切带和盖层内复杂力学性质的断裂组成; 另一类呈环绕地块基底核部同心环状分布, 由3个主要盖层伸展拆离带组成, 主滑脱面分别位于古生界盖层与基底间的不整合面、石炭系与奥陶系之间的平行不整合面和中新生代断陷-沉积岩系与新生代火山-沉积物之间的断层。中生代构造变形样式可以分为3个层次:印支期褶皱-逆冲推覆构造、燕山中期NNE轴向的隔槽式箱状褶皱和燕山晚期NW、NNE向共轭正断-走滑断裂。相应地鲁西地块经历了3个成盆期, 即早-中侏罗世、早白垩世和晚白垩世, 这些中生代盆地在空间上的叠置导致了地块内部复杂的盆-山耦合关系。鲁西地块中生代有两个岩浆活动集中时期, 即早侏罗世(约190Ma)和早白垩世(132~110Ma)。综合沉积记录、岩浆活动和构造变形过程, 将鲁西地块中生代构造演化历史划分为6个阶段:晚三叠世挤压变形, 早、中侏罗世弱伸展作用, 中、晚侏罗世挤压变形与地壳增厚作用, 早白垩世大陆裂谷与地壳伸展作用, 早白垩世末期挤压变形与盆地反转事件和晚白垩世区域隆升。这些构造演化阶段和构造事件对研究和理解中生代构造体制和深部岩石圈动力学转换过程具有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
燕山造山带燕山期构造叠加及其大地构造背景 总被引：32，自引：6，他引：26
广泛的岩浆活动和强烈的构造变形是中国东部燕山期造山作用的两个主要特征。火成岩的空间展布,特别是同构造侵入杂岩体和火山岩盆地的展布与同期变形带的走向(和构造指向)具有很强相关性。本文通过火成岩构造组合、构造形迹及岩浆-构造事件序列等的共同约束,讨论华北地区燕山板内造山带造山过程中的构造叠加、构造应力场转换及其形成的大地构造背景。研究认为,燕山地区发育的“花边状”的褶皱和被褶皱的逆冲推覆带等,是多幕挤压变形叠加的记录。早侏罗世晚期(J31 )、中侏罗世晚期(J32 )、晚侏罗世中期(J23 )、晚侏罗世晚期(J33 )和早白垩世早期(K11 )5期不同方向展布的火成岩对应方向不同的收缩构造,提出早白垩世早期(K11 )本区可能存在区域北西向挤压构造及该期华北地区总体仍处于收缩构造环境的认识。华北燕山造山带是在蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带,上扬(斯克)—楚科奇(斯克) (Verkhoyano-Chukotsk)造山带,伊泽奈崎(Izanagi)洋俯冲带和特提斯洋俯冲带4个边界会聚大背景中形成和演化的。 相似文献
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江西武功山穹隆复式花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学研究 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17
采用锆石U-Pb法对武功山穹隆复式花岗岩中广泛分布的花岗质岩石开展精细定年研究,结果表明:山庄、张佳坊和武功山岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为460.5±1.5 Ma、427.9±1.2 Ma和428.0±1.0-462.3±2.3 Ma,属早古生代晚期花岗岩;而雅山、温汤和明月山等岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为161.0±1.0 Ma、143.8±1.6 Ma和126.3±6.4.Ma,属晚侏罗世-早白垩世花岗岩。因此认为武功山穹隆复式花岗岩中花岗岩分属早古生代晚期及晚侏罗世-早白垩世岩浆活动产物。从一个侧面说明华南地区大地构造演化过程中可能存在早古生代晚期构造一岩浆作用事件及晚侏罗世-早白垩世构造-岩浆作用事件,为华南大地构造演化研究提供了新的依据。结合前人在武功山地区花岗质片麻岩中白云母40Ar/39Ar法定年(225-233 Ma)资料,说明本区韧性变形形成于晚i叠世,可能意味着武功山伸展构造的启动时间,而晚侏罗世-早白垩世花岗岩浆的形成及向上运移,使周围的岩石软化乃至部分熔融,使得围岩环境更有利于伸展构造发展,并在早白垩世最终形成武功山花岗岩穹隆伸展构造。 相似文献
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辽西中生代构造运动可划分为印支早期(早、中三叠世)、印支晚期(晚三叠世)、燕山早期(早侏罗世)、燕山中期(中、晚侏罗世)、燕山晚期(早白垩世)、燕山末期(晚白垩世)6个构造幕。中生代造山带有别于板缘或板间造山带的一种特殊类型的造山带,也不是板缘或板间造山带的一个发展阶段。因此,具有独特的大地构造背景、造山期前演化历史,以及造山带构造变形变质、岩浆活动、沉积作用等特点。中生代板内造山过程是复杂的、多阶段的、非单一的过程,三叠纪以来,共经历了多次裂陷与伸展、挤压与收缩作用和多阶段的盆地发展历史。在每一次盆地演化过程中,在早期表现为裂陷与伸展作用,并有中基性—中酸性火山岩浆喷发和侵入,具有从早期向晚期岩浆由偏基性向偏酸性演化的特点,同时形成断陷盆地,沉积陆源粗碎屑建造;中期,断陷盆地向坳陷盆地转化,沉积陆源细碎屑和含煤及红色建造;晚期表现为挤压和收缩的造山作用,使地层褶皱,并发育逆冲断层,盆地抬升遭受剥蚀,从此构成了一个火山喷发—沉积盆地从形成→发展→萎缩→消亡的完整过程。这样多旋回的变化,塑造了辽西地区的中生代板内造山过程。 相似文献
5.
黄骅盆地孔西构造带的构造演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过平衡剖面技术复原古构造演化，并结合区域构造分析，可将孔西构造带的发育过程大致分为三个构造变形阶段：晚三叠世末期为挤压褶皱变形期；晚三叠世沉积后至侏罗系沉积前为逆冲构造变形期；早－中侏罗世为逆冲构造“轻度”渐进变形期。晚侏罗世以后，区域构造作用发生反转。随着晚侏罗－早白垩世、早第三纪裂陷盆地的发育，孔西构造带作为潜山构造被掩埋。裂陷盆地时期的伸展构造对孔西构造带前第三系的逆冲构造基本上没有大的改造。 相似文献
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7.
构造反转是沉积盆地构造演化的关键基础过程之一,其形成演化受到多因素的控制,对研究油气圈闭的形成具有重要价值。陆梁隆起是准噶尔地区石炭纪多岛弧构造体系的重要组成之一,石炭纪裂陷背景下发育的断陷结构在二叠纪以来经历了多期次构造作用的叠加和改造。本文针对陆梁隆起北部石英滩凸起开展精细构造建模,依据不整合面、生长地层约束构造演化时空格架,正演、反演相结合建立构造演化模式。研究结果表明：1）石英滩凸起反转构造受控于3条主要断裂,石西断裂（Fsx）、石英滩南断裂（Fssyt）、石英滩北断裂（Fnsyt）,控制石西凹陷—石英滩凸起石炭系非对称地堑结构。2）石英滩凸起及邻区构造演化历经早石炭世断陷伸展期,早-晚石炭世之间弱断陷—坳陷过渡期,晚石炭世伸展—挤压转换期,早二叠世弱伸展期,中二叠世—中三叠世挤压以及中、晚侏罗世—早白垩世挤压6期重要构造事件,其中反转构造活跃于晚石炭世末期和中-晚侏罗世—早白垩世。3）正、反演结果表明石西断裂（Fsx）、石英滩南断裂（Fssyt）控制石炭纪断陷结构,后期的改造作用主要激活了石英滩南断裂（Fssyt）,断陷的发育与反转构造可能受控于多期次构造变形中最大构造主应力... 相似文献
8.
镇远-贵阳断裂带活动历史及其对黔中隆起演化的制约 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对镇远-贵阳断裂带两侧沉积地层、岩浆建造、宏观构造、微观构造及流体包裹体测温的研究表明,该断裂带在早古生代以前就已存在,在中奥陶世的都匀运动期间表现为南南东向的正滑,在志留纪末泥盆纪初的广西运动期间表现为右行的剪切和局部的拉张;中晚二叠世的东吴运动使断裂带再次拉张,并伴有钾镁煌斑岩[锆石U-Pb法年龄（261．3±8）Ma]侵入;断裂带还经历了侏罗纪-早白垩世早燕山期右行压剪、晚白垩世-渐新世的晚燕山期强烈挤压、左行剪切和中新世至今喜山期的挤压等多期复合的演化历程。断裂带在古生代的多期活动直接控制了黔中隆起南缘的演化。 相似文献
9.
本文以内蒙古西部英巴地区一个典型剖面为例,开展了详细的构造解析和年代学研究,初步构建这一地区晚古生代-中生代的构造岩浆事件框架。这一地区至少发育三期岩浆活动和三期构造变形事件。锆石U-Pb定年结果和前人的资料显示,三期岩浆活动分别为石炭纪（325~313 Ma）的花岗闪长岩和花岗岩、早二叠世（291~277 Ma）的钾长花岗岩和中细粒花岗岩及早白垩世（~134~130 Ma）的伟晶岩和石英二长岩。第一期构造变形事件为NW-SE向挤压,发生在早二叠世之后,使花岗闪长岩和钾长花岗岩发生挤压变形,形成主体低角度北西倾的片麻理,局部发育同期褶皱,变形温度为450~600℃;第二期为NW-SE向伸展,大致发生在早白垩世,使片麻状花岗闪长岩和片麻状钾长花岗岩发生中高温（450~650℃）的糜棱岩化作用,形成南东倾的低角度韧性剪切带,具有正断性质,后被伟晶岩脉切穿。第三期为NW-SE向伸展,发生在早白垩世之后,形成北西倾的中角度脆性正断层,断距2~10米,并使伟晶岩变形为碎裂岩。 相似文献
10.
燕山东段下辽河地区中新生代盆山构造演化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
笔者通过分析燕山东段-下辽河地区的前中生代构造背景和中新生代盆山构造演化认为,该区中新生代的构造演化过程是在前中生代华北克拉通岩石图基础上发育起来的克拉通内(陆内或板内)盆山构造与挤压构造的交替演化过程,经历了早-中三叠世、晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪、新生代5个盆山构造演化阶段和中三叠世末、早侏罗世末、晚侏罗世末和白垩纪末、老第三纪末5期挤压作用。每次挤压作用都使得早期盆地萎缩或消亡,造成早期盆地反转。中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪和新生代三个阶段的伸展作用形成中-晚侏罗世断陷盆地、白垩纪断陷盆地和新生代裂谷盆地。在这一构造演化过程中,挤压作用和伸展作用交替出现,挤压构造和伸展构造间互发育。 相似文献
11.
GONG Xuejing YANG Zhusen MENG Xiangjin PAN Xiaofei WANG Qian ZHANG Lejun 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(3):898-946
A mosaic of terranes or blocks and associated Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic sutures are characteristics of the north Sanjiang orogenic belt (NSOB). A detailed field study and sampling across the three magmatic belts in north Sanjiang orogenic belt, which are the Jomda–Weixi magmatic belt, the Yidun magmatic belt and the Northeast Lhasa magmatic belt, yield abundant data that demonstrate multiphase magmatism took place during the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic. 9 new zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages and 160 published geochronological data have identified five continuous episodes of magma activities in the NSOB from the Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic: the Late Permian to Early Triassic (c. 261–230 Ma); the Middle to Late Triassic (c. 229–210 Ma); the Early to Middle Jurassic (c. 206–165 Ma); the Early Cretaceous (c. 138–110 Ma) and the Late Cretaceous (c. 103–75 Ma). 105 new and 830 published geochemical data reveal that the intrusive rocks in different episodes have distinct geochemical compositions. The Late Permian to Early Triassic intrusive rocks are all distributed in the Jomda–Weixi magmatic belt, showing arc–like characteristics; the Middle to Late Triassic intrusive rocks widely distributed in both Jomda–Weixi and Yidun magmatic belts, also demonstrating volcanic–arc granite features; the Early to Middle Jurassic intrusive rocks are mostly exposed in the easternmost Yidun magmatic belt and scattered in the westernmost Yangtza Block along the Garzê–Litang suture, showing the properties of syn–collisional granite; nearly all the Early Cretaceous intrusive rocks distributed in the NE Lhasa magmatic belt along Bangong suture, exhibiting both arc–like and syn–collision–like characteristics; and the Late Cretaceous intrusive rocks mainly exposed in the westernmost Yidun magmatic belt, with A–type granite features. These suggest that the co–collision related magmatism in Indosinian period developed in the central and eastern parts of NSOB while the Yanshan period co–collision related magmatism mainly occurred in the west area. In detail, the earliest magmatism developed in late Permian to Triassic and formed the Jomda–Wei magmatic belt, then magmatic activity migrated eastwards and westwards, forming the Yidun magmatic bellt, the magmatism weakend at the end of late Triassic, until the explosure of the magmatic activity occurred in early Cretaceous in the west NSOB, forming the NE Lhasa magmatic belt. Then the magmatism migrated eastwards and made an impact on the within–plate magmatism in Yidun magmatic belt in late Cretaceous. 相似文献
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长江中下游及其邻区中生代构造体制转换 总被引：16，自引：13，他引：3
长江中下游及其邻区中生代以来经历了特提斯、古亚洲、太平洋三大构造体制复杂的转换过程,地壳活动频繁,不同期次、不同方向、不同性质的构造叠加强烈,并控制了区内的岩浆活动和热液成矿。(1)印支晚期特提斯构造体制作用,具有俯冲带性质的襄樊-广济断裂带和先后具有左旋平移转换断层性质的郯庐断裂带产生。(2)燕山早期特提斯构造体制向古亚洲构造体制和太平洋构造体制转换,其一,晚侏罗世古亚洲构造体制近南北向挤压,桐柏-大别造山带形成共轭剪切带。其二,晚侏罗世与早白垩世之交古太平洋板块活动,NE向展布的华南板内构造形成。(3)燕山晚期脉动式伸展构造产生大规模火山喷发和岩浆活动;晚白垩世-始新世长江中下游地区盆-岭构造形成。(4)喜马拉雅早期太平洋构造体制下近E-W向挤压作用,近S-N向展布的红色盆地发生反转,呈NE-SW向线状展布。 相似文献
13.
Liu K.Zhang J.-J.Ge M.-H.Ling Y.-Y. 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(6):1098-1108
The eastern pari of the Xing-Meng Orogenic Belt( XMOB )consists of the Lesser Xing'an-Zhangguangcai Range Orogenic belt, the Bureya-Jiamusi-khanka Block and the Sikhote-Alin accretionary belt. This area is located between the Paleo-Asian oceanic and Paleo-Pacific tectonic regimes. Recent researches imply that the Paleo-Pacific subduction might have begun since early Permian and influenced the both sides of the Mudanjiang Fault during Triassic, which generated a N-S trending magmatic belt and accretionary complexes, such as the Heilongjiang Complex. In Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, some tectono st rati graph ic terranes were produced in Sikhote-Alin, which were then dismembered and migrated northwards in late Early Cretaceous by sinistral strike-slip faults. The continental margin parallel transportion weakened subduction-related magmatism in NE China which was under an extensional setting. However, in Lite Cretaceous, the Paleo-Pacific subduction was re-Activated in the eastern XMOB, which contributed to the magmatism in Sikhote-Alin. 相似文献
14.
Jurassic Tectonics of North China: A Synthetic View 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20
This paper gives a synthetic view on the Jurassic tectonics of North China, with an attempt to propose a framework for the stepwise tectonic evolution history. Jurassic sedimentation, deformation and magmatism in North China have been divided into three stages. The earliest Jurassic is marked by a period of magmatism quiescence （in 205-190 Ma） and regional uplift, which are considered to be the continuation of the “Indosinian movement” characterized by continent-continent collision between the North and South China blocks. The Early to Middle Jurassic （in 190-170 Ma） was predominated by weak lithospheric extension expressed by mantle-derived plutonism and volcanism along the Yanshan belt and alongside the Tan-Lu fault zone, normal faulting and graben formation along the Yinshan- Yanshan tectonic belt, depression and resuming of coal-bearing sedimentation in vast regions of the North China block （NCB）. The Middle to Late Jurassic stage started at 165y.5 Ma and ended up before 136 Ma; it was dominated by intensive intraplate deformation resulting from multi-directional compressions. Two major deformation events have been identified. One is marked by stratigraphic unconformity beneath the thick Upper Jurassic molasic series in the foreland zones of the western Ordos thrust-fold belt and along the Yinshan-Yanshan belt; it was predated 160 Ma. The other one is indicated by stratigraphic unconformity at the base of the Lower Cretaceous and predated 135 Ma. During this last stage, two latitudinal tectonic belts, the Yinshan-Yanshan belt in the north and the Qinling-Dabie belt in the south, and the western margin of the Ordos basin were all activated by thrusting; the NCB itself was deformed by the NE to NNE-trending structural system involving thrusting, associated folding and sinistral strike-slip faulting, which were spatially partitioned. Foliated S-type granitic plutons aged 160-150 Ma were massively emplaced in the Jiao-Liao massif east of the Tan-Lu fault zone and indicate important crustal thicken 相似文献
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西丰一带侵入岩即以前所说的西丰大岩体,是布列亚-张广才岭巨型花岗岩带组成部分.该巨型花岗岩带记录了造山带从古亚洲洋板块开始俯冲、洋盆闭合到增生造山演化过程的基本信息.现在已经将规模宏大的西丰大岩体进行了详细解体,重新归并成4个侵入期次,划分为11个侵入序次,统称辽宁省西丰一带侵入岩.在详细解体、重新归并和划分的基础上,进一步探讨了各序次侵入岩形成的温压条件、构造环境、物质来源与成因.早二叠世第一序次、第二序次侵入岩以及中侏罗世第一序次侵入岩为I型花岗岩,晚白垩世第三序次(闪长玢岩)也为I型,主要物质来源是地壳中岩浆岩重熔的成分.其余各序次侵入岩均为S型花岗岩,主要物质来源是地壳中沉积岩重熔的成分.西丰一带,早二叠世第一个序次侵入岩为火山弧型深成岩,早二叠世第二个序次侵入岩为火山弧型与同碰撞型的过渡类型.早二叠世第三序次至中侏罗世第各序次侵入岩和晚白垩世各序次侵入岩为同碰撞型和碰撞后型花岗岩.这些特征与古亚洲洋晚期的消减、闭合和增生造山演化序列基本吻合. 相似文献
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为了解兴蒙造山带基底属性和多个构造体系演化与叠加历史,系统总结了近年来在基础地质研究中取得的新成果,并利用这些成果讨论了兴蒙造山带的基底属性与演化历史.兴蒙造山带是指我国东北地区古生代构造作用影响的地区,这些地区也遭受了中生代构造作用的叠加与改造.兴蒙造山带主要由微陆块和其间的造山带组成.虽然传统上认为属于前寒武纪结晶基底的地质体主要已解体为古生代和早中生代,但随着新太古代和古元古代地质体的相继发现,以及新生代玄武岩中幔源古元古代橄榄岩包体的发现,可以判定兴蒙造山带内微陆块应具有古老的前寒武纪基底,并且壳幔是耦合的.微陆块内部地壳增生以垂向增生为主,且主要发生在新元古代和中元古代,以及次要的新太古代和古生代.相反,陆块间造山带或岛弧地体的陆壳则以侧向增生为主,且主要发生在新元古代和古生代.额尔古纳地块与兴安地块的拼合发生在早古生代早期;兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合发生在早石炭世晚期;松嫩地块与佳木斯地块的拼合发生在早古生代晚期,中生代早期又经历了裂解与再闭合的构造演化过程;华北克拉通北缘增生杂岩带与北方微陆块群的最终拼合发生在晚二叠世-中三叠世,古亚洲洋的最终闭合发生在中三叠世,且为剪刀式闭合.晚古生代晚期蒙古-鄂霍茨克大洋板块南向俯冲作用的发生以及早中生代(三叠纪-早侏罗世)的持续南向俯冲,控制了大兴安岭-冀北-辽西地区的岩浆活动,蒙古-鄂霍茨克大洋的闭合发生在中侏罗世,晚侏罗世-早白垩世主要表现为闭合后的伸展环境.古太平洋板块中生代的俯冲起始时间为早侏罗世,晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期东北亚陆缘主要表现为走滑的构造属性和陆缘地体从低纬度到高纬度的构造就位过程,早白垩世晚期-古近纪岩浆作用的向东收缩揭示了古太平洋板块的持续俯冲和俯冲板片的后撤过程,古近纪晚期日本海的打开标志着东北亚陆缘从活动陆缘已经转变为沟-弧-盆体系,并且标志着东亚大地幔楔的形成. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):584-606
ABSTRACTAbundant late Mesozoic granitic rocks are widespread in the southern Great Xing’an Range (GXAR), which have attracted much attention due to its significance for the Mesozoic tectonic evolution in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. However, controversy has still surrounded the late Mesozoic geodynamic switching in the continental margin of east China, especially the spatial and temporal extent of the influence of the Mongol-Okhotsk and Palaeo-Pacific tectonic regimes. In order to better understand the Late Mesozoic evolutionary history of the southern GXAR, a number of geochemical, geochronological, and isotopic data of the granitoids in this region are collected. Magmatism in the southern GXAR can be divided into six phases: Late Carboniferous (325–303 Ma), Early-Middle Permian (287–260 Ma), Triassic (252–220 Ma), Early Jurassic (182–176 Ma), Late Jurassic (154–146 Ma), and Early Cretaceous (145–111 Ma). Mesozoic magmatic activities in the southern GXAR peaked during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, accompanied by large-scale mineralization. Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic evidence of these granitic rocks suggested they were likely originated from a mixed source composed of lower crust and newly underplated basaltic crust. Assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) or crustal contamination possibly occurred in the magma evolution, and a much more addition of juvenile component to the source of the Early Cretaceous granitoids than that of Late Jurassic. The closure of Mongol-Okhotsk ocean and the break-off of the Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic slab at depth in the Jurassic triggered extensive magmatism and related mineralization in this region. The Jurassic intrusive activities was affected by both the subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate and the closure of Mongol-Okhotsk ocean. Less influence of the Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic regime on the Early Cretaceous magmatism, whereas, in contrast the Palaeo-Pacific tectonic regime possibly continued into the Cenozoic. 相似文献
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The Sequence of Magmatic-Tectonic Events and Orogenic Processes of the Yanshan Belt, North China 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
DENG Jinfu SU Shangguo MO Xuanxue ZHAO Guochun XIAO Qinghiu JI Guangyi QIU Ruizhao ZHAO Hailing LUO Zhaohu WANG Yang LIU Cui China University of Geosciences Beijing and Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics Lithoprobe Techniques Ministry of Education of China 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):260-266
This paper emphasizes that the interactive constraints of geology and isotopic dating is the best approach to construct the geological event sequence, and has compiled 106 data of reasonable isotopic ages for the igneous rocks of the Yanshan belt. We propose a sequence of mgmatic-tectonic events in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Yanshan orogen of North China. Five orogenic episodes are divided, (1) pre-and initial orogenic episode (Early Jurassic); (2) early orogenic episode (Middle Jurassic); (3) peak orogenic episode (Late Jurassic); (4) late orogenic episode (early Early Cretaceous), and (5) post-orogenic episode. Each episode is a short cycle, all of the orogenic processes construct a longer cycle, and they, in general, followed a counter-clockwise (ccw) PTt path. Finally, it is suggested that the Yanshanian movement was so intensive that the magmatism and tectonic deformation had involved all the lithosphere thickness and the late-Achaean-formed cratonic lithosphere had been significantly reworked. 相似文献
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兴蒙造山带属于中亚造山带的东段,关于其演化过程存在两种主要观点:一种观点认为它是由古亚洲洋经历整个古生代的连续俯冲-碰撞过程后在早三叠世形成;另一种观点则认为古亚洲洋在晚泥盆世之前就通过俯冲-碰撞过程闭合,形成早-中古生代造山带,随后在石炭-二叠纪又经历了从陆内伸展到再次闭合的过程,并形成陆内造山带。蒙古国东南部扎门乌德地区出露各类古生代沉积岩和岩浆岩,可以为解决上述争议提供典型研究实例。本文通过沉积学、年代学和地球化学等多种手段综合研究,取得以下研究成果:(1)根据年代学和岩性特征,在该地区识别出三类古生代岩石组合,第一类是以黑云母二长花岗岩为代表的中志留世侵入岩,第二类是中泥盆世大套的粗碎屑岩-火山岩沉积旋回,第三类是不整合地沉积于早期造山带之上的二叠纪巨厚火山-沉积岩系。这三类岩石组合分别属于俯冲阶段的大陆边缘岛弧带岩浆岩、碰撞造山后期的上叠盆地以及叠加在早期造山带岩石圈之上的晚古生代陆内伸展时期的裂谷盆地的沉积。(2)利用研究区所有古生代碎屑锆石和岩浆岩全岩资料,揭示了该地区古生代时期地壳厚度变化趋势如下:500~425Ma的俯冲-碰撞过程造成地壳加厚;425~375Ma的碰撞造山后伸展过程使地壳变薄;375~350Ma地壳再次加厚,可能与造山带物质堆叠有关;350~275Ma地壳再次减薄,对应于广泛而强烈的晚石炭世-早二叠世火山岩,证明此时期岩浆活动的构造背景是区域伸展而不是挤压作用。(3)根据研究区出现的三类岩石组合特点,结合研究区以南的艾力格庙地区已有的研究成果,可以划分出五个早-中古生代造山带构造单元和两个叠加其上的晚古生代陆内造山带构造单元,揭示蒙古国扎门乌德地区经历了早-中古生代加积造山带和晚古生代陆内造山带等两个构造演化过程。本文研究为认识兴蒙造山带的两阶段构造发展提供了新资料。 相似文献