共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 221 毫秒
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研究表明,花岗石的抛光光泽度与岩石中各种矿物的光学性质密切相关,同时受岩石的结构,构造,风化变色以及岩石中发育的节理等多种因素的影响,随着风化变色度及节理密度的增加,抛光光泽度出现下降的趋势,因而,有关岩石材料抛光性的岩石学,风化岩石学以及构造地质学的研究是石材评价和开发中的重要问题。 相似文献
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菁角地处于兴义市雄武背斜核部南东翼南西段,大地构造位置位于扬子板块与华南板块的结合部.前人主要对该地区的金矿进行了矿点地质特征、构造特征、矿体形态等方面的研究,但对岩石学特征、铀的赋存形式以及地球化学特征研究较少.本次研究利用TIMA扫面、显微镜下观察、地球化学分析等方法对矿石、围岩的岩石学特征、地球化学特征、风化作用和分选、源区岩石类型、铀的赋存形式等方面进行探究.TIMA扫面以及显微镜下观察的结果表明铀的赋存形式是以弥散状充填进黏土化(高岭石)裂隙中.菁脚地区地球化学分析显示,龙潭组砂岩中w(SiO2)为51.30％～91.55％,围岩主要类型为亚岩屑砂岩,矿石以及矿化岩石为岩屑砂屑岩,CIA(73.83～82.53)以及ICV指数表明矿石及矿化岩石较围岩成熟度高、风化程度强.测试样品均有较强的U正异常,含量为4.78～772.00×10-6,且U与∑REE,Sb元素呈现明显正相关,Zr与∑REE呈强的正相关(R=1).菁角地区铀的来源是热液在上升过程中萃取围岩中的铀,沿着层间构造破碎带充填进成熟度较高的黑色砂岩中富集而成,结合菁角地区岩石学特征、地球化学特征以及铀的赋存形式,推测菁脚金(铀)矿床为低温热液矿床. 相似文献
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饰面石材磨削抛光工艺对光泽度的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
饰面石材的磨削抛光是整个加工过程中工作量较大的工序，操作不当直接影响产品的质量。本文从岩石学的角度，探讨了影响光泽度的因素，并对磨削抛光工艺进行了讨论，可能对石材加工部门有一定益处。 相似文献
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黑色岩层的风化特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黑色岩层是一种分布广泛且较为特殊的一类岩石，它的风化往往会加速各类岩石以及工程建筑物材料的风化与化过程，本文从矿物岩石学特征、黑色岩层风化的环境特征、黑色岩层中硫化物矿物氧化的地球化学过程中以及硫化物矿物氧化形成的酸性条件下其它矿物的稳定性等方面对湘西地区黑色岩层的风化特征进行了分析，为进一步深入研究黑色岩层的风化过程及机理打下了基础。 相似文献
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文章从处理钻孔所揭露出的岩体构造资料入手,提出了位于类似热带地区的具有基岩露头少、堆积层厚大、矿体埋藏条件适宜露天开采等特征的矿床的露天采矿中确定推荐边坡角的一种方法。通过详细收集弱风化及未风化且节理开启或由方解石、石膏、粘土等软弱矿物充填的岩石的岩体构造特征,图解统计节理发育密度、节理与岩芯轴夹角随钻孔深度变化关系,并以相应钻孔深度倾角标准离差作修正,提出不同露天开采深度与稳定边坡角的关系。 相似文献
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将矿石制成光片在反光显微镜下进行研究,是地质研究工作的重要方法之一。因此,光片的质量对科研工作的进行有很大影响。本文介绍近年来在制备光片过程中的一些体会和有关技术方法,以供有关同志参考和交流经验。一、光片的种类和质量要求 1.普通光片一般大小为40×30×10立方毫米,根据具体情况和要求可略大或小。对其形状不严格限制,但必须有两个大平面。 相似文献
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Aesthetic characteristics are important when rocks are used as construction materials. Among all the surface finishes available, the polished finish is the one which best enhances the rock attractiveness. Colour (C), roughness (R) and gloss (G) are surface properties usually used to assess the rock polishing. In this research, the CRG properties were assessed in polished samples of three ornamental granites with different textures and physical–mechanical properties, one weathered and two sound. C was evaluated in CIE-L * a * b * and CIE-L * C * ab h ab systems, R with R a and R z parameters and G using the 20°, 60° and 85° geometries. The weathered granite presents a noticeable colour variation, especially in the b * parameter, while the sound ones have a more homogeneous colour. Sound and more textural homogeneous granites have a low surface roughness and high gloss, which are uniformly distributed. The weathered granite shows a higher surface roughness and lower gloss, with scattered distribution. The mineral contacts are the main cause of the surface irregularities. The results show the interdependence between the CRG properties and stress the importance of the polishing process for enhancing the aesthetic characteristics of the granites. CRG properties could be used for quality control in granite processing plants, thus avoiding noticeable differences in the facades of buildings, particularly when weathered granites are used. 相似文献
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We investigated the dissolution behaviour of polished calcite surfaces in situ using a fluid-cell atomic force microscope. Polished calcite surfaces enabled us to study the effects of applied surface stress and crystallographic orientation on calcite dissolution pattern formation. Thin-sections of Iceland spar single-crystals polished either parallel or with a 5° miscut angle to cleavage planes were studied. Compressive surface stresses of up to 50 MPa were applied to some of the thin-section samples by means of elastic concave bending. Experiments were carried out in semi-stagnant deionized water under mainly transport limited dissolution conditions. Samples polished parallel to cleavage planes dissolved by the formation of etch-pits originating from polishing defects. The dissolution behaviour of 5° miscut surfaces was relatively unaffected by polishing defects, since no etch-pits developed in these samples. Dissolution of the miscut samples led to stepped or rippled surface patterns on the nanometer scale that coarsened during the first 30-40 min of the experiments. Possible reasons for the pattern-coarsening were: (i) progressive bunching of retreating dissolution steps and (ii) surface energy driven recrystallization (Ostwald ripening) under transport limited dissolution conditions. A flat polished miscut surface in calcite may recrystallize into a hill-and-valley structure in a (near-)saturated solution so as to lower its total surface free energy in spite of a larger surface area. No clear effect of applied stress on dissolution pattern formation has been observed. 相似文献
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山东蒙山第四纪冰川组合遗迹的发现及初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了山东蒙山地区南坡保存的丰富而清晰的第四纪冰川遗迹,重点展示了兰溪山谷的冰石河、侧碛堤组合,并对相伴产出的擦痕、磨光面、颤痕等冰川遗迹进行了调查与测量。同时对冰石河、侧碛堤的分布、规模、物质组成、岩石特征进行了介绍。根据侧碛堤的排列位置及砾石的风化程度,初步确定为末次冰期的冰碛遗迹;对山谷两侧磨光面上的擦痕进行了测量统计,显示谷壁磨光面上擦痕的长宽比具有10:1左右的比例规律;根据侧碛最大高度法(MELM),结合对于蒙山侧碛的调查,对蒙山雪线的高度进行了估算,初步估算蒙山南坡末次冰期时的雪线高度约为700 m左右。蒙山地区这些组合冰川遗迹的发现,为中国东部第四纪冰川的研究提供了直接的证据。 相似文献
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针对目前常规确定岩石力学参数的方法只能得出岩块的整体强度,不能反映古建筑石质构件风化层内力学参数逐渐变化,无法很好地满足石质古建筑稳定性、耐久性研究的不足,提出了综合运用现场穿透波CT测试、表面回弹测试和室内试验确定风化石质构件力学参数的方法。方法的实施主要包括：通过现场穿透波CT测试,获得纵波波速在石质构件深度剖面上的分布;现场选取与欲研究的石质构件类似的岩石做室内力学试验和波速测试,得出力学参数与波速的统计关系;上述两者结合得出力学参数在石质构件深度剖面上的分布,在此基础上分析风化层内力学参数随深度的变化关系;对不同风化分区代表性石构件进行风化深度研究和表面回弹测试,得出构件表面强度比与风化深度的关系。以义乌宋代古月桥为例,对其方法进行了系统的介绍,并对古月桥承载条石风化层内力学参数随深度的变化关系以及表面强度与风化深度的关系进行了研究。研究表明：义乌宋代古月桥承载条石风化层内的抗压强度比、弹性模量比随深度呈负指数关系变化;表面强度比与风化深度呈2次多项式关系。 相似文献
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Wave velocity and stress/strain in rock brittle failure 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper reports the relationship between wave velocity and stress/strain during rock brittle failure under compression. It is assumed that the rock is a strain-softening medium whose strength can be described by Weibull’s distribution. Based on renormalization group theory, it is found that the stress ratio λ c (the ratio of the stress at the critical point to the peak stress) depends mainly on the homogeneity index or shape parameter m in the Weibull’s distribution for the rock. Measured stress–strain curves and corresponding wave velocity–strain curves in four case studies suggest that the changes caused by internal cracking are correlated to variations of rock wave velocity, and the stress at the critical point on the stress–strain curve is considered to correspond to the rapid decreasing point on the wave velocity–strain curve. For uniaxial compression, the critical stress ratio λ c is derived to be about 75.4 %, which is very close to the measured value. 相似文献
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软流层部分熔融岩浆竖向迁移模型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对地幔蠕动过程中，软流层部分熔融岩浆上升这一地质背景，从力学的基本原理出发，将软流层岩石抽象为一类充满液体的多孔介质，并假定其以均匀速度上升，对岩石中部分熔融岩浆的迁移机理进行了分析，得到了一组简化的公式，并进行了计算。结果表明在此简化模型下，可以得到一个临界速度值的表达式。当岩石上升的速度低于该临界数值时，部分熔融岩浆将在一定的界面上形成；若大于这个临界数值，部分熔融岩浆的形成将滞后到一段竖向区域内完成。同时简单的计算结果也说明部分熔融岩浆的迁移运动是实现热量及成矿物质元素向上迁移的重要原因。其结果和某些岩浆过程的地质分析是一致的，这对进一步研究地幔蠕动及其成矿动力学具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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Summary
Comminution (crushing and grinding) of rock materials is energy-intensive and expensive. Much effort has been directed to
improve the efficiency of conventional milling practice, but relatively little attention has been given to the potential benefits
of blast-induced (extrinsic) damage on comminution processes. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect
of shock-induced “crack-like” damage on rock properties for three petrologically distinct rock materials under laboratory
conditions. In order to evaluate the effect of shock-induced damage, a quantitative measure of rock damage is needed. Shock
loading of rock material was accomplished with an explosively driven split Hopkinson pressure bar. Laboratory measurements
show that the average uniaxial compressive strengths for damaged specimens are slightly lower than those for intact specimens.
Based on damage mechanics, the scalar damage variable () was experimentally determined as the relative reduction in ultrasonic wave velocity of damaged versus intact rock. increases as the shock energy dissipated in rock material increases. A crack density was determined by confocal image analysis.
Measurements following shock loading indicate that ultrasonic wave velocity in rock partially recovers with time. Ultrasonic
wave velocity and confocal image analysis may be useful in quantitatively assessing the internal crack-like damage in rock
materials. 相似文献
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隧道开挖中围岩损伤演化分析及力学参数预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数值方法所得出结论的可靠性很大程度上取决于岩体力学参数的选取,因此基于损伤演化分析,对损伤变量与围岩力学参数之间关系进行了研究。在各向同性损伤的假定下,通过分析开挖过程中围岩损伤演化,建立了采用损伤变量对弹性模量、泊松比、黏聚力、摩擦角等围岩材料参数进行估算的方法。采用弹性纵波波速定义初始损伤,根据壁城隧道现场监测资料建立ANSYS渐进性数值模型,反演典型断面开挖过程中围岩的宏观力学参数。分析结果表明,该方法可以有效地确定围岩力学参数的变化情况,与实际情况吻合较好。 相似文献