共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
Jacques Locat Homa Lee Robert Kayen Ken Israel Marie-Claude Savoie ric Boulanger 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2002,20(2):111-135
As part of the STRATAFORM project, a series of cores were obtained from the Eel River Margin area of Eureka, California. The geotechnical analysis of intact specimens and of reconstituted samples provides some insight on the development of shear strength with burial. The results show the effect of bioturbation in the early part of the lifetime of a sediment. SEDCON tests were used to proposed various relationships which help predict the changes in density, liquidity index, and strength as a function of depth. These relationships are found useful from near the water sediment-interface down to a depth of at least 400 m in the sediment column. 相似文献
2.
In recent years, increasing attention is being given to investigating the relationships between seafloor echo strength and
sediment type. This aspect was assessed in a course of a marine survey conducted in Jiaozhou Bay near the city of Qingdao,
China, where various sediment types are known to exist. Multi-beam echo data and sediment samples were acquired, processed
and analyzed. The findings demonstrate that multi-beam echo strengths are strongly related to seabed types such as rock, sand
and clay. Thus, echo strength increases progressively with the increase in sand content in gravely, sandy, and clayey sediments.
However, echo strength is more sensitive to changes in sand content in fine-grained sediment and less sensitive in coarse-grained
sediment. Also, high shell content of sediments greatly enhances the acoustic reflection. These findings help to predict seafloor
sediment types by analyzing echo strength. 相似文献
3.
悬沙的ADCP估测方法 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
ADCP估测悬沙含量是基于声波的背散射强度正比于悬沙浓度的理论。在实际测验中，由于多种因素干扰，ADCP所得到的背散射强度与悬沙浓度之间存在着不定的非线性关系。同传统的回归方法比较，BP网络模型方法可以使含沙估测精度有较大的提高。 相似文献
4.
Matchala Suneel Jeonggeun Kwon Chang Wook Jeon 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):105-114
This paper presents an investigation of the long-term consolidation and strength behavior with fly ash as an additive in improving soft marine clay in Wando, Korea. 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 25% of the soil was replaced with fly ash. Consolidation tests were performed as incremental loaded tests. In addition, unconfined compressive strength were determined after 1, 14, 28 and 90 days. A series of forty-two long-term consolidation tests that lasted for 60 days under the constant loading were also conducted. Creep settlements of the blends decreased significantly with an increase in fly ash content. The shear strength properties increased with an increase in fly ash content. Statistical evaluation reveals an excellent correlation between the measured and predicted undrained shear strengths. 相似文献
5.
本文阐述了对海底沉积物样品在应力-应变过程中进行同步声学测量的实验工具和方法，分析了采自南海45个站位的海底沉积物样品的实验数据资料，结果表明，沉积物颗粒越粗、孔隙越小、无侧限抗压强度越大，声速越高。沉积物样品在受力应变过程中，声速具有明显的随应力而变化的特征。进一步探讨了不同应变阶段沉积物的声学特征以及应力所导致沉积物微结构变化对其声速的影响过程，这一研究将在石油地质测井和海底工程基底稳定性评价等方面具有重要的应用意义。 相似文献
6.
现代黄河三角洲沉积物临界剪切应力研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为研究现代黄河三角洲沉积物临界剪切应力空间分布特征及其影响要素,本文在现代黄河三角洲不同沉积区域,垂直海岸线布设测线,采用黏结力仪进行沉积物临界剪切应力测试,并在相应测点开展沉积物物理力学性质与粒度成分测量工作。研究结果表明高潮滩沉积物临界剪切应力最高,在1.1~4.02Pa之间,沉积物不易发生侵蚀,含水量低、干容重大、黏粒与粉粒含量高、平均粒径小、不排水剪切强度大是高潮滩沉积物临界剪切应力偏高的重要因素;中潮滩沉积物受生物活动影响显著,临界剪切应力在0.10~1.90Pa之间,生物活动扰动、生物排泄及遗体遗迹的程度与数量是造成不同区域测试差异的重要原因;低潮滩沉积物临界剪切应力很低,在0.08~0.80Pa之间,沉积物极易发生侵蚀,含水量高、干容重偏低、砂砾含量高、平均粒径大、不排水剪切强度小是其典型的沉积物物理力学性质,也是造成低潮滩沉积物临界剪切应力普遍低于高潮滩的重要原因;现代黄河三角洲沉积物临界剪切应力区域特征表现为北部沉积物临界剪切应力水平最低,在0.11~0.4Pa之间,东部最高,在2.8~4.55Pa之间,南部与东北部居中,分别在0.63~0.84Pa与0.83~2.99Pa之间,东北部空间非均匀性分布显著,粒度组分的分异是导致沉积物临界剪切应力区域差异显著的重要因素,黏粒含量高的沉积区域沉积物临界剪切应力普遍高于砂砾含量高的沉积区;与世界其他大型河口三角洲相比,现代黄河三角洲沉积物临界剪切应力水平偏低但非均匀程度较高。 相似文献
7.
开展枯季河口悬沙输运机理研究对于揭示弱径流条件下的陆海相互作用、河口季节性冲淤和水沙关系等具有重要的科学意义.本文根据2018年12月18-25日长江口南槽3个站位连续13个潮周期的同步流速、流向和悬沙浓度等观测资料,运用通量机制分解法研究了各输沙项的特征、贡献和输运机理.结果 表明,从小潮至大潮流速和悬沙浓度不断增加,由南槽上部至下部流速和悬沙浓度逐渐降低.观测期间平均流速与平均悬沙浓度存在明显的正线性关系,但受底质空间差异影响,悬沙浓度对流速的响应强度存在显著的空间变化.枯季期间南槽存在着中上部向陆净输沙、下部向海净输沙的空间输运格局.平流输沙和潮泵输沙是影响和控制净输沙的关键因素,二者的强度和贡献存在明显的潮周期变化和空间变化,垂向环流输沙的强度很弱,对净输沙贡献很小.南槽涨落潮输沙不对称现象明显,流速、悬沙浓度和历时都具有一定的涨落潮不对称性,这些不对称现象共同调节和控制着潮周期净输沙强度和方向的时空变化. 相似文献
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Guanbao Li Jingqiang Wang Xiangmei Meng Baohua Liu Guangming Kan Guozhong Han Qingfeng Hua Yanliang Pei Lei Sun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(4):65-73
Building empirical equations is an effective way to link the acoustic and physical properties of sediments. These equations play an important role in the prediction of sediments sound speeds required in underwater acoustics.Although many empirical equations coupling acoustic and physical properties have been developed over the past few decades, further confirmation of their applicability by obtaining large amounts of data, especially for equations based on in situ acoustic measurement techniques, is required. A sediment acoustic survey in the South Yellow Sea from 2009 to 2010 revealed statistical relationships between the in situ sound speed and sediment physical properties. To improve the comparability of these relationships with existing empirical equations, the present study calculated the ratio of the in situ sediment sound speed to the bottom seawater sound speed, and established the relationships between the sound speed ratio and the mean grain size, density and porosity of the sediment. The sound speed of seawater at in situ measurement stations was calculated using a perennially averaged seawater sound speed map by an interpolation method. Moreover, empirical relations between the index of impedance and the sound speed and the physical properties were established. The results confirmed that the existing empirical equations between the in situ sound speed ratio and the density and porosity have general suitability for application. This study also considered that a multiple-parameter equation coupling the sound speed ratio to both the porosity and the mean grain size may be more useful for predicting the sound speed than an equation coupling the sound speed ratio to the mean grain size. 相似文献
10.
N. H. Khadge 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):401-417
During the Indian Deep-sea Environment Experiment (INDEX) conducted in the Central Indian Basin to simulate nodule mining activity, the sediments were physically disturbed, lifted from the seafloor, and then redeposited to study the effects of sediment redistribution on geological, chemical and biological characteristics of benthic environment. The first monitoring cruise, 44 months after the experiment, was part of long-term observations for restoration of conditions. This study describes the effects of the experiment on geotechnical properties of sediments measured in predisturbance, postdisturbance and monitoring phases. To compare the effects, sediment cores were collected from the same locations during the three phases. Siliceous, fine-grained sediments from the study area showed change in geotechnical properties induced due to the disturbance. Marginal increase in natural water content and significant reduction in undrained shear strength at the 0–5 cm sediment layer of cores from the tow zone during postdisturbance was observed. However, during the monitoring phase, an increase in shear strength and reduction in water content was noticed, which might indicate that the sediments are gradually acquiring predisturbance characteristics. The study also revealed that the meiofaunal density has a positive correlation with the water content, but a negative relationship with the shear strength of these siliceous sediments. Specific gravity of solids and porosity showed marginal change, whereas wet density remained unchanged. 相似文献
11.
The upper part of the continental slope in the northern South China Sea is prone to submarine landslide disasters,especially in submarine canyons. This work studies borehole sediments, discusses geotechnical properties of sediments, and evaluates sediment stability in the study area. The results show that sediment shear strength increases with increasing depth, with good linear correlation. Variations in shear strength of sediments with burial depth have a significantly greater rate of change in the canyon head and middle part than those in the canyon bottom. For sediments at the same burial depth, shear strength gradually increased and then decreased from the head to the bottom of the canyon, and has no obvious correlation with the slope angle of the sampling site. Under static conditions, the critical equilibrium slope angle of the sediments in the middle part of the canyon is 10° to 12°, and the critical slope angle in the head and the bottom of the canyon is 7°. The results indicate that potential landslide hazard areas are mainly distributed in distinct spots or narrow strips on the canyon walls where there are high slope angles. 相似文献
12.
为了寻求一种简单、快速、连续确定悬浮泥沙含量的方法,以高含沙量海区黄河口泥沙为研究对象,利用电导率仪测定了不同悬浮泥沙含量水体的电导率,建立起了悬浮泥沙含量与电导率之间的关系,并对影响上述关系的因素进行了分析,结果表明,悬浮泥沙含量与电导率之间有很好的线性关系;盐度、颗粒粒径对电导率具有一定的影响,其中盐度的影响最大,颗粒粒径的影响较小。在盐度变化范围有限的高悬沙含量海区,用电导率的方法来实现现场监测悬浮泥沙含量是可行的。 相似文献
13.
为了寻求一种简单、快速、连续测定悬浮泥沙含量的方法,以高含沙量海区黄河口泥沙为研究对象,利用电导率仪测定了不同悬浮泥沙含量水体的电导率。前期实验结果已经证明悬浮泥沙含量与电导率之间有很好的线性关系。在此基础上扩大研究范围,并对影响悬浮泥沙含量与电导率关系的因素进行定量分析,结果表明,盐度、温度、颗粒粒径对电导率具有一定的影响,其中盐度的影响最大,颗粒粒径的影响最小,几乎可以忽略。在此基础上通过大量的实验数据初步建立起在盐度、温度较大变化范围内电导率与泥沙含量的一般函数关系,为实现海水悬浮泥沙含量的现场电导率原位监测系统提供可靠的数据支持。 相似文献
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Hamilton-type geoacoustic models were developed for Area Foxtrot, a shallow water test bed south of Long Island, for emerging active sonar systems where the surface sediment type is highly spatially variable. Reverberation levels (RL) were modeled using the finite-element parabolic equation (FEPE) propagation model to augment the generic sonar model (GSM) propagation model because the bottom loss model in GSM did not estimate transmission loss (TL) accurately in shallow water. FEPE estimates reveal that there is a greater than 15 dB difference between TL for sand and that for silt-day sediments in Area Foxtrot. The comparison between modeled RL and measured RL (from a 1991 active sonar exercise) enabled bottom scattering strength kernels to be developed for Area Foxtrot. Bottom scattering strength was found to be a function of sediment type. Hard sand sediment has a bottom scattering strength which obeys Lambert's law (sin2 &thetas;) while that of silt-clay sediment is consistent with sub-bottom volume scattering (sine). The RLs in Area Foxtrot are azimuth-dependent and are a function of TL and bottom scattering strength (and hence bottom sediment type). Sonar beams steered towards the hard sand show higher RLs than for silt-clay, and knowledge of the sediment type and its spatial variation must be known to model RL accurately. A method to determine sediment type using measured RLs and RL slopes is given 相似文献
16.
基于越南巴达棱湾2007年4月采集的42个表层沉积物样品及实测水文资料,分析越南巴达棱湾表层沉积物特征,并结合GSTA模型分析表层沉积物的运移趋势。结果表明:越南巴达棱湾表层沉积物以粗颗粒为主,在潮流和波浪的作用下呈中西部粗、东部细的分布特征;其西侧表层沉积物沿岸线自西南向湾内运移,中西近岸区沉积物垂直于岸线做离岸输移,在湾的东侧存在自东北向西南的运移趋势,并与从湾西运移过来的底沙相遇,形成运移辐聚区,并在余流的作用下,向西运移;"波浪掀沙,潮流输沙"是该地区表层沉积物输运的主要作用机制;在波浪的作用下,研究海域的海岸线处于侵蚀状态,有后退的趋势。 相似文献
17.
A. R. Estabragh A. H. Amini A. A. Javadi M. Kouchakzadeh 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(6):643-650
AbstractThe effect of pH on the physical and mechanical properties of a sediment was investigated through a set of experimental tests. The sediment was formed from deposition of suspended particles in a fluid. Two different types of clay soil were suspended in fluids with different pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 11) in cylindrical tubes with volume of 1?liter and also in special cylindrical reservoirs. The height of the sediment was measured in the cylindrical tube until equilibrium was achieved. The sediment deposited in the reservoirs was dried in air and then Atterberg limit, compaction and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted on samples prepared from each sediment. The results showed that the final height of the settled sediment is a function of pH; the height of sediment is increased with increasing the pH. Also, the Atterberg limits increased with increasing the pH. The maximum dry unit weight and optimum water content decreased and increased with increasing the pH. The final strength of the sediment decreased with increasing pH. Based on the SEM analysis, it was found that the values of pH influence the properties of the formed sediments. 相似文献
18.
A joint surface roughness/volumetric perturbation scattering theory is utilized to characterize the reverberation from a littoral ocean bottom. The result is a reflected field spectrum that consists of specular and off-specular components. The predicted scattering strength from the off-specular component is shown to be comprised of interface roughness scattering, sediment inhomogeneity volumetric scattering, and interface roughness/sediment inhomogeneity correlation scattering. The sediment inhomogeneity volumetric scattering is shown to contain two contributions that are due to fractional variations in sediment densities and sound velocities. Both contributions are shown to be affected by the interface effect by a round-trip transmission coefficient factor. These two fractional variations are shown to contribute differently to scattering strength but similarly to backscattering strength. Inversely predicted roughness spectra from various sets of backscattering strength data are shown to be consistent with a generally known roughness spectrum. Both inversely predicted roughness and volumetric scattering physical property spectra are found to be self-consistent. However, the use of only ocean bottom backscattering strength data is found to be insufficient to judge whether the roughness or the volumetric scattering dominates. Reverberation characterizations using bistatic scattering strength data and signal spread data are planned for future studies 相似文献
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Holocene shelf-coastal sedimentary systems associated with the Changjiang River：An overview 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
GAO Shu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):4-12
The fate of the terrestrial sediment supplied by rivers is a critical issue for understanding the patterns of Holocene environmental change on continental shelves. The East China Sea is a typical broad continental shelf with abundant sediment supply from large rivers. Here, a variety of sedimentary records were formed during the Holocene period. The sedimentary systems associated with these records have unique charac- teristics in terms of spatial distribution, material composition, deposition rate and the timing of deposition, which are related to active sediment transport processes induced by tides and waves, shelf circulations and sediment gravity flows. The sedimentary records thus formed are high resolution slices, i.e., each record has a temporal resolution of up to 10~-10-1 a, but only covers a limited part of the Holocene time. In terms of the spatial distribution, these records are scattered over a large area on the shelf. Further studies of these systems are required to understand the underlying process-product relationships. In particular, the mid- Holocene coastal deposits on the Jiangsu coast, the early to middle Holocene sequences of the Hangzhou Bay, as well as the Holocene mud deposits off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts, should be investigated in terms of the material supply （from both seabed reworking during the sea level rise event and river discharges）, transport-accumulation processes, the sediment sequences and the future evolution of the sedimentary systems. Advanced numerical modeling techniques should be developed to meet the needs of these studies. 相似文献