共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Sung-Soo Cha Kang-Kun Lee Gwang-Ok Bae Dae-Hyuck Lee Nicolas Gatelier 《Engineering Geology》2007,93(3-4):117-129
Hydrogeological monitoring was conducted around a pilot cavern for underground cryogenic LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage. The monitoring was mainly focused on the operation of a drainage and recharge system. After the operation of the drainage system commenced, the drainage rate decreased rapidly in the initial stages and then decreased gradually. Hydrogeological monitoring revealed that the rock drainage system operated effectively. During drainage, the water table was maintained below the cavern roof. The recharge for ice-ring formation was performed in two phases. The first phase involved the cessation of pumping in downward-drainage holes and the second involved the closure of upward boreholes. Since the water table was maintained below the cavern roof, artificial recharge was planned at first. However, it was not implemented due to heavy rainfall in the recharge stage. On the basis of hydrogeological monitoring and hydraulic tests, it was found that the fractures above the roof and on the right wall of the pilot cavern mainly affected seepage into the cavern and thermal variation due to the storage of liquid nitrogen. Thermal variation was examined by the thermometers installed around the pilot cavern. The cooling and thawing processes reveal the characteristics of thermal distribution in the rock and the 0 °C isotherm. The cooling phase lasted for six months, and the 0 °C isotherm progressed in time after the injection of liquid nitrogen into the cavern. The isotherm propagated up to about 4 m from the floor and the sidewall of the cavern and about 3 m from the cavern roof. The cooling rate of the rock mass above the cavern roof was lower than that of the other cavern sides due to the gaseous space in the upper part of the containment. The fractures were analyzed and considered for thermal modeling. A two-dimensional finite element analysis was performed to compare the field monitoring at the pilot cavern. The numerical modeling shows the distance between the ice ring and heat transfer pattern of the fractures around the pilot cavern. The propagation of the measured and calculated 0 °C isotherm reveals that the water-conveying joint on the right wall might affect thermal propagation through a thermal pipe. 相似文献
2.
锚杆对围岩的加固效果和动载响应的数值分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用数值分析软件LS-DYNA3D程序,对锚杆对围岩的加固效果和动态力学性能进行了显示动力分析,比较了洞室围岩是否用锚杆加固时,爆炸波引起的岩体中垂直应力、拱顶位移以及锚杆本身轴向应变的变化特点。结果发现：同毛洞相比较,加固洞室围岩应力较大,拱顶位移较小;通过分析锚杆轴向应变-时程曲线,发现不同安装角的锚杆其轴向应变对动载的响应不同,拱部锚杆先受压后受拉,直墙部锚杆全受拉,两部位锚杆均产生轴向拉应变;将模拟的锚杆应变-时程曲线同模型试验的相应曲线进行了比较,两者一致性较好,其结果为动载作用下坑道围岩锚杆加固的布置方法提供了参考。 相似文献
3.
Jukkrawut Tunsakul Pornkasem Jongpradist Hyung-Mok Kim Pruettha Nanakorn 《Acta Geotechnica》2018,13(4):817-832
Reasonable failure paths are crucial in the stability assessment of a highly pressurized gas storage cavern in a rock mass using limit equilibrium analysis. In this study, the fracture patterns in the rock mass around a gas storage cavern are evaluated based on the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method with a cohesive crack model. The proposed analysis method was first validated through scaled-down model testing results before extending to a full-scale problem. Using the current approach, a parametric sensitivity analysis was performed by taking into account the influences of the stress ratio, the depth of the cavern, and the tensile strength of the rock mass. Based on the analysis results obtained, this research showed that the representative failure paths, in which the uplift evaluation is necessary, can be established from the EFG results with careful consideration of crack initiation and the propagation direction. The site having an in situ stress ratio greater than 1.2 is preferred for operation of underground gas storage caverns. By performing the limit equilibrium analyses for stability assessment of the rock mass above the pressurized cavern, we demonstrated that the factor of safety against uplift computed from the failure paths established in this study is higher than or equal to those obtained from analyses with the simplified models in previous studies without considering the influence parameters on the fracture patterns. 相似文献
4.
地下水封油库通常建造于完整性好的结晶岩体内部,利用隙存水封的原理将油气封闭于地下洞室内部,洞库围岩在施工及运营期间具有典型的流固耦合特征。论文基于裂隙岩体流固耦合理论,采用COMSOL Multiphysics 软件对洞库围岩不同工况下流固耦合特征进行了模拟研究。研究结果表明:地下洞库在不设置人工水幕情况下,开挖后洞室顶部地下水位明显下降,并形成降落漏斗,可能导致洞室油气外溢; 设置人工水幕后,洞室顶部地下水位下降趋势得到明显控制,有效确保了水封的可靠性; 在设置水幕的情况下,洞室直墙及洞室拱顶与底板角点处出现明显的应力集中,但围岩仍未出现连贯塑性区,洞室最大位移不超过5mm,洞室围岩稳定性良好。分析成果对于指导洞库优化设计及施工具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
6.
裂隙岩体内的洞室围岩块体稳定问题是抽水蓄能电站地下厂房建设中要解决的重要工程地质问题。为了在厂房开挖之前较准确地预测不稳定块体的发育位置,本文以某抽水蓄能电站为例,对厂房探洞内的裂隙进行统计分析,结合厂房区构造断层的发育情况,确定了裂隙发育规律;根据裂隙发育规律将厂房区岩体划分为A、B、C、D、E 5个构造分区;并利用Unwedge程序,以各分区裂隙组合为基础,确定可能形成的块体位置,评价了其稳定性状况。研究结果表明,裂隙受多期构造控制,在一定范围内具有方向性,A、E区优势裂隙与构造产状接近,B、C、D区优势裂隙与构造产状斜交;裂隙在厂房上、下游侧边墙各形成6处潜在不稳定块体,顶拱处形成10处潜在不稳定块体,右端墙处形成1处潜在不稳定块体。 相似文献
7.
将加、卸载响应比理论引入地下岩体洞室群地震响应分析中。以输入的地震加速度作为加、卸载,以洞室围岩的加速度作为响应,合理地确定了加、卸载响应区段。通过有限差分程序FLAC3D建立了白鹤滩水电站13号机组剖面数值分析模型,选用汶川地震波进行动力时程计算,探讨地下岩体洞室群的地震动力稳定性,研究结果表明：在100年超越概率2%的地震作用下,白鹤滩水电站地下洞室群围岩响应比峰值范围在4.05～11.52之间;结合应力及位移分析,主厂房拱顶及层间错动带C4在尾调室上游边墙出露部位的围岩均进入了非线性变形状态,但响应比在整个时程中并没有趋于无穷大,围岩没有发生失稳破坏;错动带两侧的围岩产生了一定的相对位移,会对尾调室的边墙稳定性产生不利影响。该研究方法可应用于一般地下岩体结构的地震稳定性分析中。 相似文献
8.
Fundamentals of gas containment in unlined rock caverns 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Summary The criterion for gas entry into idealized, uniform, water-saturated fractures is examined for one-dimensional, elliptical and cylindrical cavern geometries. This limiting criterion is a necessary condition for gas escape from unlined, pressurized gas storages.Gas-entry phenomena were examined using 450-mm-square glass plates in Hele Shaw configuration with nominal apertures of 50 and 200 microns. The fundamentals of gas entry, as first enunciated by Åberg (1977), are confirmed by the experiments; the critical gas-entry pressure is a function of hydraulic flow regime, fracture-mouth capillarity and fracture-mouth profile. Finite-element simulation based on these fundamentals is substantiated by experimental observations and is therefore used for generalization.The gas-entry criterion is found to be sensitive to details of fracture geometry such as aperture, connection of the fractures to the groundwater regime, geometry of the intersection of the fractures with the gas cavern, disturbance of the rock mass as a consequence of excavation, and cavern shape. In view of the inability to predict or even measure these factors, an alternative criterion which ensures no gas migration away from the gas storage is proposed. This simple criterion insists that gas escape will not occur as long as the water pressure along all possible escape paths increases for some small distance in the direction of potential gas escape. This criterion is a generalization of Åberg's (1977) proposal that the vertical hydraulic gradient should exceed one for no gas escape. 相似文献
9.
山西西龙池抽水蓄能电站地下厂房围岩为水平薄层岩层,工程竣工发电已多年,施工及运行期安全,但工程开工前,还没有在水平薄层岩体中开挖大跨度高边墙地下洞室的成功范例,鉴于此,以山西西龙池抽水蓄能电站工程为依托,从工程地质角度,对水平薄层围岩岩性特征、岩体结构特征、岩体力学特性、大跨度高边墙地下洞室围岩分类、围岩变形特征等方面进行了研究,依据研究成果,对洞室开挖支护施工、围岩变形监测等进行了分析,依据围岩变形监测成果对围岩力学参数进行了反演,验证了前期勘察成果,取得了在水平薄层状地质环境中开挖大型地下洞室的宝贵经验,进而为在水平薄层状地质体中修建大跨度、高边墙地下洞室提供了更多的技术支持,对此类不良地质条件下大型地下洞室群建设具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
10.
Modelling Rock Blasting Considering Explosion Gas Penetration Using Discontinuous Deformation Analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Explosion gas plays an important role in rock mass fragmentation and cast in rock blasting. In this technical note, the discontinuous deformation analysis method is extended for bench rock blasting by coupling the rock mass failure process and the penetration effect of the explosion gas based on a generalized artificial joint concept to model rock mass fracturing. By tracking the blast chamber evolution dynamically, instant explosion gas pressure is derived from the blast chamber volume using a simple polytropic gas pressure equation of state and loaded on the blast chamber wall. A bench blasting example is carried out. The blast chamber volume and pressure time histories are obtained. The rock failure and movement process in bench rock blasting is reproduced and analysed. 相似文献
11.
井下超声波成像提取岩层节理产状信息 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
井下超声波电视能够提取工程勘察中岩层产状信息并完成井眼岩层3维（3D）信息图。在某地下石油储备库的工程勘察中,完成7口井的超声波电视成像测井,以其中的钻孔ZK10为例,研究并分析了井下超声波电视成像所获取的结构面倾角和倾向、岩体完整性、结构面线密度、3D岩心图和井壁图以及节理极坐标图、节理方位频率图。统计分析结果表明：井下超声波电视技术可以对钻孔所揭露的岩体质量进行初级定量化分析,为区域稳定分析、工程岩体质量分级及工程设计提供有价值的基础数据,对提高工程勘察质量具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
《Journal of Structural Geology》2001,23(2-3):165-182
An almost horizontal pahoehoe surface in a Holocene plagioclase basanite lava on Tenerife displays three scales of fracture within the surface crust. An early-formed set of large-scale fractures divides up the surface into an orthogonal set of rectangular slabs with dimensions of several metres and depths of 10–12 cm. The shortest slab dimension is parallel to the flow emplacement direction, inferred from a strong surface lineation. The slabs are domed with the centre an average of 9.6 cm (with range 4–19.6 cm) above the edges of the slabs. Profiles of the slabs normal and perpendicular to the margins and through the crest indicate that they can be described by a power law in which the deflection of the slab, h, is related to the distance from the crest, x, with an exponent between 2 and 3. Analysis of joints within the slabs indicates two smaller scale networks. An intermediate scale joint network bounds blocks with rectilinear to polygonal shapes in plan-view and has a characteristic mean spacing of 24.2 cm (range 10.5–48 cm). The major fractures in this set are normal and parallel to the slab margins. A smaller-scale joint network bounds polygonal equant blocks in plan-view and has characteristic spacing of 6.4 cm (range 3.7–10.5 cm). A model of cooling from the pahoehoe surface is used to constrain the growth of the crust and timing of fracture development. The large-scale slabs are attributed to localised accumulation of gas beneath the growing crust causing buoyant forces. The tensile stresses caused by uplift are sufficient to form the large-scale fractures after 2 or 3 h of cooling. The intermediate scale fracture network is attributed to the flexure of the slab crust. The smaller scale polygonal joint network is related to the build up of isotropic tensile stresses in the cooling slab crust due to thermal contraction with fracture development being promoted by the flexure of the slabs. An analysis of the slab deformation indicates that lava crust is weak. The weakness is explained by division of the crust into three zones: an outer zone with small scale joints that cause negligible strength, a middle zone of elastic behaviour in which stress can build up, and a lower zone of plastic deformation. The crustal slabs display profiles similar to that expected in a bending elastic plate. The deformation of the 10-cm-thick crust can be explained if the elastic zone was about 2-cm thick. This result agrees with an independent calculation of elastic zone thickness based on the position of the brittle–ductile transition being located at the 600°C isotherm at a depth of about 2 cm when the crustal slabs were rifted apart. 相似文献
13.
准确预测洞室涌水量和库区渗流场的空间分布特征是确保地下水封油库施工期安全性和运行期经济性的基础性工作之一。为真实地反映地下水封油库围岩随机分布裂隙的渗流效应对涌水量预测和渗流场空间分布特性的影响,提出了一种基于嵌入裂隙单元模型（EFE模型）的裂隙岩体渗流分析方法,并采用该方法对湛江水封油库的三维渗流场进行了计算分析,通过对比工程实测资料,验证了所提出方法的可靠性,进而预测了实例工程在运行期的涌水量。计算结果表明,EFE模型能够较好地模拟裂隙对洞室岩体局部渗流场的影响,反映库区渗流场及洞室涌水量空间分布不均匀的特性。研究成果可为水封洞库渗控措施的精准设计以及运行期污水处理设施配套设计工作提供参考。 相似文献
14.
目前国内还没有对盐岩储气库的适用性提出全面的评价标准。在研究地下储气库失事案例之后,提出了储气库适用性评价标准（ESAGSRS）。该标准分为稳定性和密闭性两方面。稳定性从储气库顶和底板的性质、盐岩层及夹层的性质、夹层与盐岩层交界面的性质、溶腔最大与最小运行压力及注采速率、溶腔形状及矿柱距离5方面进行评分;密闭性则从储气库的固井技术、套管的性能、套管阀门的性能、溶腔压力、顶板性质、夹层性质、盐岩的渗透条件、夹层与盐岩层交界面的刚度比,地质构造条件等方面进行评分。将稳定性与密闭性的得分按比例相加,用所得总分来评价储气库的适用性。该标准较为全面地考虑了各种因素,可为工程实践提供一定的参考价值和理论支持。 相似文献
15.
中国西南部,尤其是水能资源较为集中的青藏高原周边地区是近期工程建设的热点地区。由于强烈的内外动力地质作用,这些地区形成了高山耸立、沟谷深切的地貌景观,高山峡谷区的高陡岩质斜坡变形与稳定将是工程建设所面临的主要工程地质问题之一。高陡边坡的变形与稳定对工程建设的可行性起到决定性作用,并影响着施工周期和工程造价。本文分析了深裂缝现象的一般特征,认为深裂缝是在特定地质环境下内外动力地质共同作用的产物,一般均具有三高、继生这一共性。在工程处理方面,深裂缝可按山体加固的方法进行工程处理,预应力锚固洞可较好处理深裂缝问题。 相似文献
16.
Rock Mass Characterization and Rock Property Variability Considerations for Tunnel and Cavern Design 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
M. Cai 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(4):379-399
17.
隧道开挖地层中往往呈现出明显的地质变异性,如软硬岩层的不均匀分布等,使隧道开挖后的力学行为十分复杂.本文采用FLAC3D初步分析了隧道掘进面接近地质界面时围岩的应力状态,并探讨侧向应力、纵向应力、断面形式对围岩应力的影响规律.分析结果表明:当隧道由硬岩往软岩或由软岩往硬岩向地质界面掘进时,掘进面前方围岩均有应力集中现象.隧道无论由硬岩往软岩还是由软岩往硬岩掘进至地质界面时,掘进面前方边墙位置围岩径向应力均随侧向应力的增大而增大,掘进面前方拱顶和边墙位置围岩纵向应力均随纵向应力的增大而增大.马蹄彤隧道开挖至硬岩与软岩的地质界面时,掘进面后方边墙位置围岩应力均小于圆形隧道相应位置的围岩应力. 相似文献
18.
Stability Analysis of the 19A Ore Pass at Brunswick Mine Using a Two-Stage Numerical Modeling Approach 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kamran Esmaieli John Hadjigeorgiou Martin Grenon 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(6):1323-1338
The longevity of ore pass systems is an important consideration in underground mines. This is controlled to a degree by the structural stability of an ore pass which can be compromised by changes in the stress regime and the degree of fracturing of the rock mass. A failure mechanism specific to ore pass systems is damage on the ore pass wall by impact load or wear by material flow. Structural, stress and material flow-induced failure mechanisms interact with severe repercussions, although in most cases one mechanism is more dominant. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the interaction of ore pass failure mechanisms in an operating mine. This can provide an aid in the design of ore pass systems. A two-stage numerical approach was used for the back analysis of an ore pass at Brunswick mine in Canada. The first stage in the analysis relied on a 3D boundary element analysis to define the stress regime in the vicinity of the ore pass. The second stage used a synthetic rock mass (SRM) model, constructed from a discrete fracture network, generated from quantitative rock mass field data. The fracture network geometry was introduced into a bonded particle model, in a particle flow code (PFC). Subsequently, the ore pass was excavated within the SRM model. A stability analysis quantified the extent of rock mass failure around the ore pass due to the interaction of pre-existing fractures and the failure of the intact rock bridges between these fractures. The resulting asymmetric failure patterns along the length of the ore pass were controlled to a large degree by the in situ fractures. The influence of particle flow impact was integrated into the model by projecting a discrete rock fragment against the ore pass walls represented by the SRM model. The numerical results illustrated that material impact on ore pass walls resulted in localised damage and accelerated the stress-induced failure. 相似文献
19.
模型试验作为解决复杂工程问题的一种有效手段已越来越受到重视。然而,与目前发展较快的模型试验系统和较为成熟的相似理论相比,测试技术相对滞后的问题依然存在。测量的精度与稳定性不能满足模型试验的需求。基于光纤/光栅传感技术的高精密性、稳定性和机光电一体的特性,结合模型试验的特殊测量要求,通过改进数据接收算法,研制了基于光学传感技术的模型位移/应变测量系统,包括光栅传感模型位移和光纤传感模型应变测试系统。该系统稳定、精度高、抗干扰,并能监测不连续位移。将该系统应用于注采气压变化条件下盐岩地下储气库变形特征地质力学模型试验中,测得了气压变化条件下围岩位移收敛和径向应变蠕变规律,测得在不同稳压阶段和不同注采气速率条件下围岩变形的不同特征。试验数据为合理确定盐岩储气库运营气压和注采气速率提供帮助,对盐岩储气库的安全稳定运营有重要意义。 相似文献
20.
层状盐岩储库长期运行腔体围岩流变破坏及渗透现象研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
通过热力耦合作用下层状盐岩流变实验研究可知,层状盐岩内部各层之间由于蠕变率不同变形不协调,导致层状盐岩体内多重剪切破坏,层间流变破坏后呈网格状,孔隙、裂隙增多,渗透率比未扰动时提高5个数量级,储库长期运行腔体围岩流变破坏后天然气必然发生泄漏。同时,层状盐岩流变破坏后气体渗透实验表明,其渗透率与有效体积应力关系为 。基于裂隙介质,建立了层状盐岩储库长期运行腔体围岩流变破坏后渗透特性数学模型,并对金坛天然气储库长期运行腔体围岩渗透特性进行了数值模拟,结果表明:由流变破坏造成的盐岩与夹层交接面处产生的裂隙是气体渗透的主通道,具有较强的导气能力,夹层内部气体渗透滞后于层间裂隙气压,渗透速度随时间的延长逐渐减小,最后达到稳定状态。所以,高盐分泥岩夹层对天然气储库长期运行腔体围岩的渗透特性具有很大影响,确定合理的运行压力是保证天然气储库不发生渗漏的必要条件,为我国盐岩溶腔储库长期运行腔体围岩天然气渗漏现象研究提供一些参考依据。 相似文献