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“天绘一号”卫星在轨辐射定标方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在轨辐射定标包括相对辐射定标和绝对辐射定标, 它是提高遥感数据定量化精度的关键步骤和重要方法。本文阐述了基于均匀场地分区综合的相对辐射定标方法、基于反照率的绝对辐射定标方法及其基本原理, 并首次将其应用于“天绘一号”卫星上的高分辨、多光谱和三线阵相机的辐射定标中。研究结果表明, 相对辐射定标过程去除了卫星图像的条带噪声, 且保存了图像细节;然后, 使用反照率基法, 通过在敦煌场地铺设灰阶靶标, 测量卫星过顶时的地物目标反射率光谱和大气信息, 对“天绘一号”卫星传感器进行了绝对辐射定标;最后, 使用辐射定标结果来反演地物反射率, 与实测的地物反射率相比误差小于5%, 验证了在轨辐射定标系数的有效性。 相似文献
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以2007年4月26日北京地区TM图像为例,对美国地质调查局(USGS)和中国遥感卫星地面站(RSGS)提供的传感器辐射定标参数进行精度评价。首先,根据不同来源的辐射定标参数,采用对应的定标系数计算公式得到相应的定标系数,采用不同的定标系数分别对DN值进行反演,得到不同辐射定标参数下的表观辐亮度数据;然后,将两种表观辐亮度反演结果输入FLAASH大气校正模型,反演图像获取时的气象视距和地表反射率;最后,通过同步气溶胶观测数据和高分辨率遥感影像对所反演的气象视距和地表反射率分类精度进行评价,得到传感器定标参数精度评价结果。研究表明:USGS提供的辐射定标参数能更为精确地反映TM传感器的辐射特征。 相似文献
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WHI的场地外定标和二类水体的大气纠正 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WHI(Wide field-of-view Hyperspectral Imager)是具有5nm光谱分辨率的航空成像光谱仪,光谱范围从406nm到985nm。为评价该传感器在二类水体水质监测的性能,2006年1月9日在太湖地区进行航空飞行,并利用ASD和CE318同步测量水面光谱和大气参数。为比较准确的反演水质参数,对该传感器进行场地定标和替代定标,场地定标是对实验室定标后的辐亮度进行再次定标,替代定标利用同步点水面光谱计算的遥感反射率对图像计算的遥感反射率进行标定。最后对WHI进行大气纠正得到太湖的遥感反射率,并利用其他的准同步点进行精度检验,在532nm到750nm之间的大气纠正误差不超过5%。 相似文献
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为拓展天绘一号多光谱数据定量化应用,本文采用基于准不变反射率目标物的交叉定标法,以HJ1ACCD2作为参考传感器,对天绘一号多光谱数据进行交叉定标处理。首先利用大气辐射传输模型(MODTRAN)对已知辐射定标系数的HJ1A-CCD2数据进行反射率反演,计算待定标数据相同准不变目标物的辐亮度,建立待定标数据辐亮度与DN值之间的线性关系得到辐射定标系数,并利用MODTRAN对天绘一号多光谱数据进行大气校正。对比准不变目标物光谱曲线,水体在红、近红外波段差异较大,裸露地和建筑物屋顶在4个波段吻合较好。误差分析结果表明除蓝波段外,准不变目标物在其他几个波段的相对误差均小于5%。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于准不变反射率地物的交叉定标方法,首先用MODTRAN模式从已知定标系数的影像中反演出反射率,然后计算出对应未知定标系数影像中相同准不变地物的辐射率,最后求出定标系数.将这种方法应用于CBERS-02卫星CCD影像定标,并用6S模式对CBERS-02和ETM+影像进行大气校正,比较用不同定标系数校正后的地物光谱曲线,得出在高反射率地物下,不同定标系数校正后的地物光谱曲线与ETM+的基本一致;低反射率地物下,单点定标系数误差较大,两点定标系数误差较小,用两点定标系数进行大气校正后植被信息得到明显增强. 相似文献
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利用MODIS图像反演海岸与海岛的地物光谱反射率 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
提出一种利用MODIS图像,用查找表反演海岸与海岛地物光谱反射率的方法。该方法首先借助AHMAD辐射传输模型,由MODIS图像的水体像元反演出气溶胶的光学特性;在所选影像为晴空无云条件下,假设一定范围内的海岛与海岸上空的大气和水体上空的大气一样,借助6S辐射传输模型计算基于地物光谱反射率的查找表,然后由MODIS图像的陆地像元的反射率和几何条件加上反演的气溶胶光学厚度,用插值法可求得地物光谱反射率。还给出了厦门地区实际卫星图像的反演结果,并就反演误差进行了分析。 相似文献
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传统的场地辐射定标方法由于定标样本少,难以覆盖遥感器动态范围,且不能发现仪器辐射响应是否存在非线性特性。针对这一问题,本文提出了基于多种亮暗等级的地球稳定目标(盐湖、沙漠和海洋)的卫星传感器宽动态非线性辐射定标方法。该方法以MODIS和NCEP数据产品作为稳定目标的地表特性、大气状况的先验知识库,利用大气辐射传输模型计算的多个稳定目标的大气层顶辐射值为定标基准,以二次多项式为定标方程,实现宽动态的非线性辐射定标,并以Aqua/MODIS观测值作为参考,对定标基准的精度进行评估。结果显示,对于反射太阳波段,辐射传输模型的计算值与MODIS观测值间的偏差均值在2%以内。最后,以气象卫星遥感器MERSI为例,基于2014年在稳定目标上空获取的大量定标样本,对其反射太阳通道的辐射响应特性进行研究,从而确定辐射定标方案和辐射定标方程的系数,然后采用敦煌试验场的同步实测数据对定标结果进行验证。结果表明,除了940 nm的水汽强吸收通道,其他通道的定标精度基本在5%以内。 相似文献
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地形效应是影响遥感定量分析的主要障碍之一。尤其对于航空高光谱遥感而言,其地形效应更为显著,地形高程、角度带来的影响都不可忽略。基于青海雪鞍山地区的CASI高光谱影像和LiDAR地形数据,开展地形高程变化对航空高光谱遥感的影响研究。在假定每一个高程点为水平朗伯体的前提下,首先,基于MODTRAN软件模拟计算不同高程对应的大气上行辐射、地物至传感器之间的大气透过率、大气半球反照率和下行总辐射,进行地形高程变化对4个参量的影响分析;然后,设计实现了加入高程因子的大气辐射校正,完成了测区航空高光谱影像的反射率反演计算;最后,与FLAASH大气校正的反射率结果进行比较,发现同类地物的反射率曲线在谱形方面接近,但反射率数值存在差异,尤其是FLAASH大气校正结果中短波波段甚至出现负值,无疑是错误的。实验表明,高程因子的变化对山地航空高光谱影像成像过程的影响不可忽略,要实现精确的航空高光谱影像大气辐射校正必须消除其影响。 相似文献
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刘汉湖;杨武年;杨容浩 《东北测绘》2013,(2):27-30
岩矿反射率反演是遥感蚀变信息提取中最基础、最关键的一个过程。本介绍了卫星EO-1携带的先进陆地成像仪(ALI)为及其定标方式,分析了两种重要的岩矿反射率反演方法:表观反射率的计算和地表真实反射率的反演。通过分析表明:表观反射率实现关键是参数的获取,地表真实反射率反演关键是模型的选择和参数设置。就反演效果来说,基于大气辐射传输的FLAASH模型优于公式计算的表观反射率,这对应用遥感数据进行岩矿蚀变信息提取的研究人员有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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光学遥感卫星影像在轨几何定标是确保影像几何质量的必要环节。首先介绍了光学卫星在轨几何定标方法的研究现状;然后,对于当前主流的基于地面几何检校场的在轨几何定标方法,结合光学卫星地面分辨率不断提高的发展趋势,阐述了其受限于对参考影像的依赖而存在的问题;最后,论述了无需地面定标场的在轨自主几何定标的发展趋势,并提出了多种基于多角度交叉约束成像的在轨自主几何定标方法构想。 相似文献
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Barnaby Clark Juha SuomalainenPetri Pellikka 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(4):429-445
The appropriate utilization of multi-temporal SPOT multispectral satellite imagery in quantitative remote sensing studies requires the removal of atmospheric effects. One widely used and potentially very accurate way of achieving absolute atmospheric correction is the calibration of at-satellite radiance data to field measures of the surface reflectance factor (ρs). There are a number of variations in this technique, which are known collectively as empirical line (EL) approaches. However, the successful application of an EL spectral calibration requires the presence and careful selection of appropriate pseudo-invariant ground targets within each scene area. Real surfaces, even those that are man-made and vegetation-free, display non-Lambertian reflectance behaviour to some extent. Because of the ±31° off-nadir incidence angle range of the SPOT sensors, this is a crucial consideration. In favourable circumstances, it may be possible to utilize a goniometer to collect multiangular ρs measurements, but for widespread lower cost application of EL approaches currently, the use of a handheld spectrometer to measure nadir only ρs is a more realistic proposition. In either case, the selection of targets that have more limited and stable multiangular reflectance behaviour is preferable. Details are given of the reflectance properties of a variety of spectrally bright potential calibration surface types, encompassing sands, gravel, asphalts, and managed and artificial grass turf surfaces, measured in the field using the Finnish Geodetic Institute Field Goniospectrometer (FIGIFIGO). Bright calibration site selection requirements for SPOT data are discussed and the physical mechanisms behind the varying reflectance characteristics of the surfaces are considered. The most desirable properties for useful calibration targets are identified. The results of this study will assist other workers in the identification of likely suitable EL calibration sites for medium and high resolution optical satellite data, and therefore help optimize efforts in the time consuming and costly process of measuring ρs in the field. 相似文献
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Jourdan O. Kokhanovsky A. A. Burrows J. P. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(1):8-12
This letter investigates the synergy between the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) and the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) onboard the ENVISAT platform for reflectance calibration purposes. This calibration study was mainly performed over a portion of a hurricane corresponding to fully cloudy SCIAMACHY and AATSR pixels. Results show that SCIAMACHY underestimates the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance by up to 23% (at 870 nm) as compared to AATSR for a nadir viewing geometry. Specifically, considering AATSR calibration as accurate, which is confirmed by comparison with the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer, the SCIAMACHY TOA reflectances should be multiplied by 1.21, 1.19, 1.23, and 1.10 for wavelengths at 550, 670, 870, and 1600 nm, respectively, ahead of satellite retrieval schemes based on the measurements of TOA reflectance 相似文献
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Barnaby Clark Juha Suomalainen Petri Pellikka 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
SPOT satellites have been imaging Earth's surface since SPOT 1 was launched in 1986. It is argued that absolute atmospheric correction is a prerequisite for quantitative remote sensing. Areas where land cover changes are occurring rapidly are also often areas most lacking in situ data which would allow full use of radiative transfer models for reflectance factor retrieval (RFR). Consequently, this study details the proposed historical empirical line method (HELM) for RFR from multi-temporal SPOT imagery. HELM is designed for use in landscape level studies in circumstances where no detailed overpass concurrent atmospheric or meteorological data are available, but where there is field access to the research site(s) and a goniometer or spectrometer is available. SPOT data are complicated by the ±27° off-nadir cross track viewing. Calibration to nadir only surface reflectance factor (ρs) is denoted as HELM-1, whilst calibration to ρs modelling imagery illumination and view geometries is termed HELM-2. Comparisons of field measured ρs with those derived from HELM corrected SPOT imagery, covering Helsinki, Finland, and Taita Hills, Kenya, indicated HELM-1 RFR absolute accuracy was ±0.02ρs in the visible and near infrared (VIS/NIR) bands and ±0.03ρs in the shortwave infrared (SWIR), whilst HELM-2 performance was ±0.03ρs in the VIS/NIR and ±0.04ρs in the SWIR. This represented band specific relative errors of 10–15%. HELM-1 and HELM-2 RFR were significantly better than at-satellite reflectance (ρSAT), indicating HELM was effective in reducing atmospheric effects. However, neither HELM approach reduced variability in mean ρs between multi-temporal images, compared to ρSAT. HELM-1 calibration error is dependent on surface characteristics and scene illumination and view geometry. Based on multiangular ρs measurements of vegetation-free ground targets, calibration error was negligible in the forward scattering direction, even at maximum off-nadir view. However, error exceeds 0.02ρs where off-nadir viewing was ≥20° in the backscattering direction within ±55° azimuth of the principal plane. Overall, HELM-1 results were commensurate with an identified VIS/NIR 0.02ρs accuracy benchmark. HELM thus increases applicability of SPOT data to quantitative remote sensing studies. 相似文献
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敦煌场地CBERS-02 CCD传感器在轨绝对辐射定标研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
对资源一号卫星02星（CBERS-02）,为深入其定量化分析,定期在敦煌绝对辐射校正场地进行了地面同步测量,开展了更新在轨绝对辐射定标研究。另外,运用地表反射率和大气光学特性参量数据,计算出CBERS-02CCD传感器4个波段的绝对辐射标定系数。同时,利用2004年8月25目的Landsat-5 TM图像数据对CBERS-02 CCD传感器的辐射特性进行交叉定标,验证分析了CBERS-02 CCD传感器场地绝对辐射定标的基本特性及其可靠性。另外,为CBERS后续星的传感器改进,提供了分析参量。 相似文献
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Janne Heiskanen Miina Rautiainen Lauri Korhonen Matti Mõttus Pauline Stenberg 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Spectral invariants provide a novel approach for characterizing canopy structure in forest reflectance models and for mapping biophysical variables using satellite images. We applied a photon recollision probability (p) based forest reflectance model (PARAS) to retrieve leaf area index (LAI) from fine resolution SPOT HRVIR and Landsat ETM+ satellite data. First, PARAS was parameterized using an extensive database of LAI-2000 measurements from five conifer-dominated boreal forest sites in Finland, and mixtures of field-measured forest understory spectra. The selected vegetation indices (e.g. reduced simple ratio, RSR), neural networks and kNN method were used to retrieve effective LAI (Le) based on reflectance model simulations. For comparison, we established empirical vegetation index-LAI regression models for our study sites. The empirical RSR–Le regression performed best when applied to an independent test site in southern Finland [RMSE 0.57 (24.2%)]. However, the difference to the best reflectance model based retrievals produced by neural networks was only marginal [RMSE 0.59 (25.1%)]. According to this study, the PARAS model provides a simple and flexible modelling tool for calibrating algorithms for LAI retrieval in conifer-dominated boreal forests. The advantage of PARAS is that it directly uses field measurements to parameterize canopy structure (LAI-2000, hemispherical photographs) and optical properties of foliage and understory. 相似文献
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结构函数法气溶胶光学厚度反演精度受像元间隔设置影响很大,且并非所有像元都能获得较好的反演结果,因而研究像元间隔的设置能够提高反演精度,研究反演误差小的像元能够提高算法效率。为了获得最佳的像元间隔设置,本文以胶州湾地区为例,利用250 m和500 m两种分辨率数据计算了不同像元间隔时的结构函数值,分别利用单一像元间隔法、均值法、坡高法以及线性区域均值法获得待反演像元最终的结构函数值反演550 nm处的气溶胶光学厚度,并依据CE318观测数据进行精度验证,通过分析点对点反演结果和光学厚度的空间分布,确定反演误差小、受分辨率影响小的像元间隔设置。实验发现线性区域均值法在一定程度上提高了反演精度和稳定性。此外,通过对反演结果可接受像元的地表反射率结构函数值的统计和分析,发现500 m分辨率时可接受像元比例优于250 m,当地表反射率结构函数值大于0.02时反演结果较好,而这些像元往往分布在山麓、山涧、海岸线、河流、城乡结合部等地理要素的突然改变的地区。 相似文献
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"高分一号"配置了4台16m分辨率多光谱宽幅(WFV)相机,组合观测幅宽达到800km。为了将其应用于定量遥感,需要对其进行精确的辐射定标。目前针对高分一号卫星有两种交叉定标方法,都在传统方法的基础上进行了改进。一种是基于影像的交叉定标方法(image-based),另一种是基于辐射传输模型和二向反射分布函数的交叉定标方法(RTM-BRDF)。本文采用这两种方法对高分一号(GF-1)的4个相机进行辐射定标,并对这两种方法进行了对比分析,发现对于WFV2和WFV3这两个近似星下点成像相机,image-based方法可以得到精度较高的辐射定标系数,而对于WFV1和WFV4这两个非星下点成像相机来说,RTM-BRDF方法得到的定标系数精度较高。因此,最终将两种方法结合给出GF-1 4个相机最终的定标系数。 相似文献