共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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利用数字化等高线数据自动生成地形结构线 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用结构模式识别的理论．将等高线作为曲线看待，借肋寻找曲线上凹凸点的原理来确定山谷点山脊点，并根据地形特征进一步找出山谷线山脊线。对用此法初步找出的山谷线山脊线。利用ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ进行编辑。经过编辑的山谷线山脊线再用曲线拟合法加密后就获得了用于ＤＥＭ内插的地形骨架线。通过两个实验证明，用此法可将大部分山谷线山脊线找出。用找出的山谷线山脊线参与内插后，ＤＥＭ内插的精度和地貌逼真度都有明显提高。实验结果说明了此法可大量减少人工采集地形结构线的操作，提高ＤＥＭ的地貌逼真度。 相似文献
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DEM地形描述误差空间结构分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
数字高程模型（ＤＥＭ）是地理信息系统的核心数据之一。然而,ＤＥＭ误差的存在程度不同地影响地理信息系统空间分析的精度。本文首先说明ＤＥＭ地形描述误差的提取方法,通过误差地图以及量化研究方法,揭示ＤＥＭ误差的空间分布规律。试验结构显示误差地图是实现ＤＥＭ误差可视化的有效方法;ＤＥＭ地形描述误差具有很强的空间自相关性。自相关值随地形复杂度与ＤＥＭ分辨率的改变而有规律地变化。该结果为ＤＥＭ误差的估算与模拟 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2016,(11)
行人检测是视频大数据中提取信息的关键技术之一,是视频大数据挖掘的关键环节。提出了一种基于稀疏多尺度分割和级联形变模型的行人检测算法。首先设计基于图像纹理的稀疏多尺度分割算法提取潜在行人区域,完成初级多尺度检测;同时缩小检测范围,剔除大量背景区域;再基于级联形变模型在候选特征区域进行精细检测,最终实现由粗到细的快速行人检测。在TUD-Crossing和TUD-Pedestrian等公开数据集上对算法进行了测试。实验结果表明,本文算法降低了虚警率,提升了检测速度。 相似文献
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DEM分辨率对小流域地形水文特征提取的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于ArcGIS水文分析工具研究DEM分辨率对提取流域地形和水文参数的影响,选择黄土丘陵沟壑区典型小流域—韭园沟流域为实验区,该流域地形复杂,沟壑纵横,DEM分辨率变化对其地形表达有很大影响。研究表明,DEM分辨率对小流域面积、流域高程、坡向的表达或提取精度影响较小,而对坡度、河道长度、河网密度和河道分级等因子提取有较大影响。 相似文献
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基于栅格DEM的地形特征提取与分析 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
以陕北延安地区燕儿沟流域为实验样区,运用比较分析法和数理统计法进行基于栅格DEM的地形特征提取和分析,以及DEM分辨率对地形特征的影响,并计算和比较了地形特征的空间统计分布。研究表明:一个相对真实的DEM能够通过修改生成DEM的基本材料,以及对DEM进行再加工而获得。由于DEM分辨率的不同,由此得到的地形特征值(如坡度、地形指数、河网密度等)在统计特性上也会随之变化。随着DEM分辨率的降低,坡度减小,地形坦化,地形指数均值变大,流域总面积变大,子流域数量减少,河流总长度减小,河网密度降低。 相似文献
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K. H. V. Durga Rao V. Bhanumurthy P. S. Roy 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(4):587-600
Hydrological modelling of large river catchments is a challenging task for water resources engineers due to its complexity
in collecting and handling of both spatial and non-spatial data such as rainfall, gauge discharges, and topographic parameters.
In this paper an attempt has been made to use satellite-based rainfall products such as Climatic Prediction Centre (CPC)-National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data for hydrological modelling of larger catchment where the limited field
rainfall data is available. Digital Elevation Models (DEM) such as Global DEM (1 km resolution) and Shuttle Radar Topography
Mission (SRTM) 3-arc second (90 m resolution) DEM have been used to extract topographic parameters of the basin for hydrological
modelling of the study area. Various popular distributed models have been used in this study for computing excess rainfall,
direct runoff from each sub-basin, and flow routing to the main outlet. The Brahmaputra basin, which is very complex both
hydraulically and hydrologically due to its shape, size, and geographical location, has been examined as study area in this
study. A landuse map derived from the satellite remote sensing data in conjunction with DEM and soil textural maps have been
used to derive various basin and channel characteristics such as each sub-basin and channel slope, roughness coefficients,
lag-time. Percentage of residual flows computed between observed flows and simulated flows using Global and SRTM DEMs are
discussed. It is found that the topographic parameters computed using SRTM DEM could improve the model accuracy in computing
flood hydrograph. Need of using better resolution satellite data products and the use of high-density field discharge observations
is discussed. 相似文献
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陈齐 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(1):205-208
DEM是水利行业最主要的基础地理数据之一,本研究根据无人机航测构建密集点云,再对密集点云进行滤波处理,分类地面点,派生出高精度地面DEM,结合水下地形测量,绘制水下地形图,插值得到研究区高精度河道DEM。对地面DEM和河道DEM进行叠加处理,得到研究区整体DEM数据,通过质量检查可知,DEM的高程精度处于较高的水平。本研究工作提出的DEM构建方法,大大减少了野外地面点的测绘工作,作业效率高、DEM精度高,数据具有高时效性,为各项水利工作的开展提供了保障。 相似文献
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黄土丘陵沟壑第三副区水文地貌关系正确DEM的建立与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以黄土丘陵沟壑第三副区的藉河流域为研究区,利用ANUDEM软件和1:5万地形图研究了水文地貌关系正确DEM的建立方法,从派生等高线与原始数字化等高线对比等方面对建立的DEM进行了质量评价。并且与传统TIN方法建立的不同水平分辨率的DEM做了比较。结果表明:由等高线、高程点、河流和陡崖线在ANUDEM5.1中生成的DEM质量优于由等高线、高程点和地形特征点用TIN方法生成的DEM。ANUDEM建立的DEM更能精确地反映水文地貌特征。在此基础上,研究了确定集水面积阈值的方法,通过在Arc/Info环境下运行AML程序自动提取了基于水文地貌关系正确DEM的流域特征。 相似文献
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M P Tripathi R K Panda S Pradhan S Sudhakar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2002,30(1-2):39-52
This study was conducted for the Nagwan watershed of the Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC), Hazaribagh, Bihar, India. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to extract the hydrological parameters of the watershed from the remote sensing and field data. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was prepared using contour map (Survey of India, 1:50000 scale) of the watershed. The EASI/PACE GIS software was used to extract the topographic features and to delineate watershed and overland flow-paths from the DEM. Land use classification were generated from data of Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-1B—LISS—II) to compute runoff Curve Number (CN). Data extracted from contour map, soil map and satellite imagery, viz. drainage basin area, basin shape, average slope of the watershed, main stream channel slope, land use, hydrological soil groups and CN were used for developing an empirical model for surface runoff prediction. It was found that the model can predict runoff reasonably well and is well suited for the Nagwan watershed. Design of conservation structures can be done and their effects on direct runoff can be evaluated using the model. In broader sense it could be concluded that model can be applied for estimating runoff and evaluating its effect on structures of the Nagwan watershed. 相似文献
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DEM分辨率是描述DEM地形精确程度的一个重要指标,同时也是决定DEM使用范围的一个主要影响因素。此处以岷江上游流域为研究区,Arc GIS为技术支撑,分析DEM空间尺度对流域特征提取的影响。首先,采用7组不同分辨率的DEM数据,通过5类不同特征参数的提取来进行DEM尺度效应的定量分析。其次,借鉴坡度中误差法思想和信息熵理论,综合分析高程、坡度和地面粗糙度来确定该地区DEM研究的分辨率合理范围。结论表明:随着DEM栅格大小的不断增大,高程区间和坡度随之减小;地面粗糙度的减小表现出地形的平坦化;信息熵所包含的内容减少;河网总长度和河网密度也随之变短变稀疏。文中岷江上游流域特征提取研究的DEM最佳空间分辨率区间为30~60 m。 相似文献
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This study reports results from evaluation of the quality of digital elevation model (DEM) from four sources viz. topographic map (1:50,000), Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) (90 m), optical stereo pair from ASTER (15 m) and CARTOSAT (2.5 m) and their use in derivation of hydrological response units (HRUs) in Sitla Rao watershed (North India). The HRUs were derived using water storage capacity and slope to produce surface runoff zones. The DEMs were evaluated on elevation accuracy and representation of morphometric features. The DEM derived from optical stereo pairs (ASTER and CARTOSAT) provided higher vertical accuracies than the SRTM and topographic map-based DEM. The SRTM with a coarse resolution of 90 m provided vertical accuracy but better morphometry compared to topographic map. The HRU maps derived from the fine resolution DEM (ASTER and CARTOSAT) were more detailed but did not provide much advantage for hydrological studies at the scale of Sitla Rao watershed (5800 ha). 相似文献