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Progress in Marine Meteorology Studies in China during 1999-2002 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The progresses of marine meteorology studies achieved in China during the four year period from 1999 to 2002 are summarized in six directions: air-sea flux, marine meteorology in high latitudes, marine disasters, connection between ocean and weather/climate in China, remote sensing applications and new methodologies in marine meteorology. Compared to the previous ones, these studies adopted much more first-hand datasets, and more scientific issues were involved. As an exciting remark, there were so many contributions done by the young scientists. A brief statement about the research strategy of marine meteorology in China for the coming years is also given. 相似文献
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A review of ocean-atmosphere interaction studies in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A large number of papers have been published and great efforts have been made in the recent 20 years by the Chinese oceanographic and meteorological scientists in the ocean-atmosphere interaction studies. The present paper is an overview of the major achievements made by Chinese scientists aad their collaborators in studies of larger scale ocean-atmosphere interaction in the following oceans： the South China Sea, the Tropical Pacific, the indian Ocean and the North Pacific. Many interesting phenomena and dynamic mechanisms have been discovered and studied in these papers. These achievements have improved our understanding of climate variability and have great implications in climate prediction, and thus are highly relevant to the ongoing international Climate Variability and Predictability （CLIVAR） efforts. 相似文献
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近年来中国统计气象学的新进展 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：17
近年来，统计气象学在中国取得了长足的进展。其中主要有：将熵原理用于气象学，从而建立了熵气象学；引进了忆及过去时次资料的记忆函数，导出了大气运动的自忆性方程；将模糊数学引入气象学；将非线性动力学用于气候学研究，提出了一系列相空间预报模式；将车贝雪夫多项式推广到不规则格点，提出了一种新的时间序列预报的迭代算法；应用子波分析方法进行气候学研究；将Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ判别分析用于气象预报，研究了二次判别及逐步判别等问题；将中国科学家提出的灰色系统理论和多层递阶方法引入气象预报。此外，还引进了复经验正交分解、奇异值分解、投影追踪、主振荡模态分析等较新的统计学方法。这些方法都已在气象业务预报中发挥了作用 相似文献
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Great advances in statistical meteorology have been made in recent years in China.The mainpoints are as follows:Introducing entropy principle into meteorology,entropy meteorology isfounded;Introducing memory function,self-memorization equation of atmospheric motion isderived;The fuzzy reasoning is introduced into meteorology;Using the method of nonlineardynamics in researches of climatology,some forecasting schemes of phase space are proposed;Chebyshev polynomial is generalized at irregular grids and an iterative scheme for forecast of timeseries is proposed:The wavelet transform is used in researches in climatology;Logisticdiscrimination is used in meteorology and quadratic discrimination and stepwise discrimination areinvestigated;The theory on grey system and the multilevel recursion proposed by Chinesescientists are introduced into meteorological forecast.In addition,complex empirical orthogonalfunction,singular value decomposition,projection pursuit,principal oscillation patterns and so onare also introduced.All the above methods have played great roles in operational weatherforecasts. 相似文献
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该文回顾了自20世纪50年代以来, 中国气象科学研究院在模拟信号的天气雷达、数字化天气雷达、多普勒雷达和雷达新技术如双线偏振雷达、双基地多普勒雷达等雷达技术研究及其在冰雹、暴雨、台风等中尺度天气过程的监测和临近预报等方面的应用工作, 特别介绍了近年来开展的针对暴雨、台风的中尺度外场试验、双多普勒雷达和双多基地多普勒雷达技术在风场中尺度结构中的应用、双线偏振雷达在云和降水微物理结构探测中的应用、新一代天气雷达三维数字组网及临近预报方法研究等工作; 对中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室在雷达气象领域研究的未来进行了分析和展望。 相似文献
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Shiguang Miao Weimei Jiang Ping Liang Hongnian Liu Xuemei Wang Jianguo Tan Ning Zhang Ju Li Wupeng Du Lin Pei 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2020,34(2):218-242
Over the past decades, a large number of studies have been carried out in the field of urban meteorology in China. This paper summarizes the main progress in urban meteorology research from four aspects: urban meteorological observation network and field campaign, multi-scale model of urban meteorology, interaction between urban meteorology and atmospheric environment, and the impacts of urbanization on weather and climate. Major advances are as follows. China’s major cities have established or are improving comprehensive urban meteorological observation networks characterized by multi-platform, multi-variable, multi-scale, multi-link, and multi-function. Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai, and other cities carried out urban meteorological field campaigns, which were included in the WMO research demonstration project. Wind tunnel experiments and scale-model outdoor experiments were successfully conducted. Multi-scale urban meteorological and air quality prediction numerical model systems have been developed and put into operational use. The urban heat island effect; urban impacts on precipitation, regional climate, and air quality; urban planning; and interaction between urban meteorology and atmospheric environment are extensively investigated. Finally, efforts to improve observational technology, data assimilation, and urban system modeling, to explore the impacts of urbanization on environment and human health, and to provide integrated urban hydro-meteorological climate and environmental services are planned ahead. 相似文献
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城市气象研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国数十年来在城市气象研究这一新兴学科领域开展了大量研究并获得了多方面的丰硕成果。文中从城市气象观测网与观测试验、城市气象多尺度模式、城市气象与大气环境相互影响、城市化对天气气候的影响等4个方面论述了城市气象的主要研究进展:中国各大城市已建立或正在完善具有多平台、多变量、多尺度、多重链接、多功能等特点的城市气象综合观测网;北京、南京、上海等地开展了大型城市气象观测科学试验,被世界气象组织列入研究示范项目;成功开展了风洞实验、缩尺度外场实验研究;建立了多尺度城市气象和空气质量预报数值模式,并应用于业务;在城市热岛效应、城市对降水影响、城市气象与城市规划、城市化对区域气候及空气质量的影响、城市气象与大气环境相互作用等研究领域取得长足进展。最后指出,未来需要重点从新观测技术及观测资料同化应用、城市系统模式研究、城市化对天气气候的影响机理、城市化对大气环境和人体健康的影响、城市水文气象气候与环境综合服务等方面开展科学研究与应用,为中国城市化、生态文明建设、防灾减灾和应对气候变化等国家需求提供科技支撑。 相似文献
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谢国涛 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1995,1(1)
Ever since 1984, the Journal Of Tropical Meteorology (Chinese version ), an academic journal devoted to the field in China, has been in continuous circulation for 12 years. Up to the present stage, however, it has stopped short of fully playing the role of international exchanges due to language barriers. For foreign colleagues who are interested in the research and advances of tropical meteorology in China,the official publication of the journal in English version, which comes after a period of preparation, is designed to make it things of the past to get informed from just a few lines of English Abstracts. On behalf of the Guangzhou Regional Meteorological Center and subordinate institutions of operation and scientific research, I would like to exploit the occasion to express my warm congratulations to its publication!Tropical meteorology is one of the important branches of the whole atmospheric sciences. The state and changes in the tropical atmosphere have essential influence on the weather and climate across our planet. The advance in the research of tropical meteorology has become a subject equally concerned by the community in many nations. I think that the all--English Journal of TrOPical Meteorology will help colleagues overseas to know more of China's achievements in the field on a timely basis. In the meantime, I also welcome the interested writers abroad to present academic papers of their own in this journal and make common efforts to operate it so that the science of tropical meteorology better contributes to the well--being of every people. 相似文献
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Lightning meteorology focuses on investigating the lightning activities in different types of convective weather systems and the relationship of lightning to the dynamic and microphysical processes in thunder- storms. With the development and application of advanced lightning detection and location technologies, lightning meteorology has been developed into an important interdiscipline between atmospheric electricity and meteorology. This paper mainly reviews the advances of lightning meteorology research in recent years in China from the following five aspects： 1） development of advanced lightning location technology, 2） char- acteristics of lightning activity in different convective systems, 3） relationship of lightning to the dynamic and microphysical processes in thunderstorms, 4） charge structure of thunderstorms, and 5） lightning data assimilation techniques and application to severe weather forecasting. In addition, some important aspects on future research of the lightning meteorology are proposed. 相似文献
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中国山地环境气象学是研究中国山地与大气、自然环境之间相互作用的一门交叉学科.近数十年来,中国山地环境气象研究进展迅速.1960年以来,大气物理研究所多次参加中国科学院组织的山地综合科学考察,多学科的相互交叉促进了中国山地环境气象的研究,特别是在珠穆朗玛峰、天山托木尔峰和横断山脉山地环境气象、雅鲁藏布大峡谷环境气象研究等方面进展较快.为监测全球环境气象变化,中国气象局在青藏高原上设立了环境气象监测站.此外,在利用臭氧卫星资料研究青藏高原与臭氧分布、准两年振荡(QBO)信号、ENSO信号的关系方面也颇有进展. 相似文献
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大气遥感作为大气科学中的重要基础与技术支柱,是20世纪60年代以来迅速发展的一门年轻学科.中国大气科学工作者在这方面也紧密结合国家需求与国际学术前沿,从20世纪60年代开始在理论研究,技术发展与实验研究,以及在气象、环境和国防应用等多方面开展了活跃的研究与发展工作.作者主要对中国科学界在大气遥感与卫星气象学发展方面作简要回顾,并着重介绍中国科学院大气物理研究所在大气遥感的基础与方法研究方面的一些进展,以及对大气遥感发展中的作用.主要内容包括:中国大气遥感的简要发展过程、卫星气象的早期发展、卫星红外遥感的基 相似文献
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卫星气象的现状及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文讨论了气象卫星遥感技术的现状及展望,以及在未来十几年内气象卫星可能提供遥感信息的前景。由于卫星技术的发展以及信息处理能力的提高,遥感信息将会对于气象及有关学科的发展有所推动,本文预期了它对于天气预报、气候与长期预报、大气探测(包括云雨)、大气污染、海洋环境及陆地冰雪研究的促进效果。气象卫星遥感提供了地球环境综合性研究的可能性,本文也讨论了这样一个发展趋势。最后,概述了我国卫星气象事业的发展概况。 相似文献
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《大气与海洋》2012,50(4):249-261
ABSTRACTThe science of understanding severe thunderstorms and developing techniques for their prediction is relatively young, with most fundamental research having been carried out only during the last 75 years. Though it is not widely known, Canada has played an important role in such research and development, and some of Canada’s atmospheric scientists have been pioneers globally in a number of areas. This brief review attempts to describe the full breadth of the Canadian contribution, with sections dedicated to radar meteorology, field studies, laboratory work, and forecasting. Key areas requiring further investment in order to improve our understanding and predictive skill are also identified. 相似文献
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Global Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Models in LASG／IAP 总被引：28，自引：11，他引：17
Coupled ocean-atmospheric general circulation models are the only tools to quantitatively simulate the climate system. Since the end of the 1980s, a group of scientists in the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), have been working to develop a global OGCM and a global coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM). From the original flux anomalycoupling model developed in the beginning of the 1990s to the latest directly-coupling model, LASG scientists have developed four global coupled GCMs. This study summarizes the development history of these models and describes the third and fourth coupled GCMs and selected applications. Strengths and weaknesses of these models are highlighted. 相似文献
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It is well known that retrieval of parameters is usually ill-posed and highly nonlinear, so parameter retrieval problems are very difficult. There are still many important theoretical issues under research, although great success has been achieved in data assimilation in meteorology and oceanography. This paper reviews the recent research on parameter retrieval, especially that of the authors. First, some concepts and issues of parameter retrieval are introduced and the state-of-the-art parameter retrieval technology in meteorology and oceanography is reviewed briefly, and then atmospheric and oceanic parameters are retrieved using the variational data assimilation method combined with the regularization techniques in four examples： retrieval of the vertical eddy diffusion coefficient; of the turbulivity of the atmospheric boundary layer; of wind from Doppler radar data, and of the physical process parameters. Model parameter retrieval with global and local observations is also introduced. 相似文献
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在揭示海洋气象学学科归属问题和影响的基础上,通过对相关学科内涵和外延的综合分析,厘清了海洋气象学学科归属。海洋气象学归属于大气科学比归属于海洋科学更适合其发展。厘清海洋气象学学科归属的关键是理解海洋-大气相互作用的多尺度特征。未来海洋气象学的发展极大地依赖于海上高科技探测技术、实地和遥感观测的综合应用、中小尺度海-气相互作用理论、多层次大气-海洋耦合模式,由此需要加强更小尺度的海洋-大气相互作用研究。分析结果可供大气科学和海洋科学科研、教学、业务、管理人员参考。 相似文献