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1.
Purbasha Bhattacharya Sarbani Patranabis-Deb 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2016,87(3):287-307
The Meso to Neoproterozoic succession in the western Chattisgarh basin around Rajnandgaon has been classified into coarse siliciclastic dominated proximal and fine siliciclastic-carbonate dominated distal assemblages. The proximal assemblage, the Chandarpur Group, unconformably overlies the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic Dongargarh- Kotri volcanics (c.2.2-2.3 Ga), Bengpal Granite (c.2.5-2.6 Ga) and BIF of the Dalli-Rajhara Group (~2.4 Ga). The Chandarpur Group consists of 15-20 m thick conglomerate and feldspathic sandstone at the basal part of the succession, which is mapped as a lateral equivalent of the Lohardih Formation. The coarse clastics, conglomerate succession gradationally passes up to ~280 m thick succession of supermature sandstone, the Kansapathar Formation. The thick mudstone dominated heterolithic unit, the Gomarda Formation and its lateral equivalent, the Chaporadih Formation is not present in the western part of the Chattisgarh basin. The fine siliciclastic-carbonate assemblage of the Raipur Group conformably overlies the Chandarpur Group. The Raipur Group consists of Charmuria Limestone (~320 m), Gunderdehi Shale (~450 m), Chandi Limestone (~ 550 m) with Deodongar Member (~50 m) and Tarenga Shale. The sediments of Chandarpur Group were deposited in a shallow marine environment with occasional fluvial input in a relatively fluctuating sea level. The palaeoshoreline was NW-SE oriented with an open sea towards north which remained same throughout the deposition of the Chandarpur-Raipur sequence. It has also been inferred that the Lohardih Formation and the Kansapathar Formation represents a rifting phase followed by a stable subsidence stage when the basin evolved into a large epicontinental sea. The sequences further display signatures of passive margin sedimentation with multiple events of carbonate-shale rhythmite deposition. 相似文献
2.
The Julian Alps are located in NW Slovenia and structurally belong to the Julian Nappe where the Southern Alps intersect with
the Dinarides. In the Jurassic, the area was a part of the southern Tethyan continental margin and experienced extensional
faulting and differential subsidence during rifting of the future margin. The Mesozoic succession in the Julian Alps is characterized
by a thick pile of Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic platform limestones of the Julian Carbonate Platform, unconformably overlain
by Bajocian to Tithonian strongly condensed limestones of the Prehodavci Formation of the Julian High. The Prehodavci Formation
is up to 15 m thick, consists of Rosso Ammonitico type limestone and is subdivided into three members. The Lower Member consists
of a condensed red, well-bedded bioclastic limestone with Fe–Mn nodules, passing into light-grey, faintly nodular limestone.
The Middle Member occurs discontinuously and consists of thin-bedded micritic limestone. The Upper Member unconformably overlies
the Lower or Middle Members. It is represented by red nodular limestone, and by red-marly limestone with abundant Saccocoma sp. The Prehodavci Formation unconformably overlies the Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic platform limestone of the Julian
Carbonate Platform; the contact is marked by a very irregular unconformity. It is overlain by the upper Tithonian pelagic
Biancone (Maiolica) limestone. The sedimentary evolution of the Julian High is similar to that of Trento Plateau in the west
and records: (1) emergence and karstification of part of the Julian Carbonate Platform in the Pliensbachian, or alternatively
drowning of the platform and development of the surface by sea-floor dissolution; (2) accelerated subsidence and drowning
in the Bajocian, and onset of the condensed pelagic sedimentation (Prehodavci Formation) on the Julian High; (3) beginning
of sedimentation of the Biancone limestone in the late Tithonian. 相似文献
3.
The Raipur Group of the Chattisgarh Basin preserves two major Late Mesoproterozoic carbonate platforms. The lower platform is about 490-m thick, separated from the upper platform (~ 670 m thick) by a 500-m thick calcareous shale. Carbonate strata cover almost 40% of the Chattisgarh Basin outcrop and represent two major platform types: a) a non-stromatolitic ramp (the Charmuria/Sarangarh Limestone) and b) a platform developed chiefly in the intertidal to shallow subtidal environment with prolific growth of stromatolites (the Chandi/Saradih Limestone). The first platform consists primarily of the black Timarlaga limestone that is locally replaced by early diagenetic dolomite. This carbonate platform experienced strong storm waves and was subsequently drowned by a major transgression, during which extensive black limestone–marl rhythmite was deposited, followed by deposition of the Gunderdehi Shale. The carbonate factory was later re-established with development of an extensive stromatolite-dominated Charmuria/Sarangarh platform that ranged from restricted embayment to open-marine conditions. Sea-level change played a major role in controlling the broad facies pattern and platform evolution. The δ13C signatures of the Chattisgarh limestones, falling within a relatively narrow range (0 to + 4‰) are typical for Upper Mesoproterozoic carbonate rocks. δ18O values, however, have a greater range (− 5.7 to − 13.3‰) indicating significant diagenetic alteration of some samples. Likely dysoxic or anoxic conditions prevailed during deposition of the black Timarlaga limestone and well-oxygenated conditions during deposition of the Gunderdehi Shale and Saradih/Chandi stromatolite. The lack of 17β,21α (moretanes) and high Tmax values suggest mature organic matter in the non-stromatolitic ramp. A paucity of diagnostic eukaryotic steroids indicates that algae were rare in the Chattisgarh Basin. A high content of hopanes supports a generally bacterially-dominated Proterozoic ocean in which various stromatolites flourished. 相似文献
4.
印支期龙门山造山楔推进作用与前陆型礁滩迁移过程研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马鞍塘期龙门山前陆盆地是印支期造山楔加载于扬子地台西缘而形成的挠曲前陆盆地。根据地表露头、钻孔剖面和地震反射剖面资料,本文通过分析前陆盆地早期前陆缓坡型鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁组合在时间和空间上的迁移规律,标定了卡尼期龙门山造山楔的推进速率。结果表明:卡尼期马鞍塘组是分布于底部不整合面之上的第一套地层单元,在垂向上前陆型鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁组合显示为鲕粒灰岩滩-生物碎屑滩-硅质海绵礁灰岩-泥页岩的向上变细的沉积序列,记录了前缘隆起边缘碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁的构建和淹没过程,反映了在相对海平面的持续上升中鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁被淹没致死的过程。在横向上,盆地结构显示为西厚东薄,并向西倾斜的不对称盆地,由西向东依次分布了深水盆地、碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁和浅水滨岸带等沉积物类型,显示了从龙门山造山楔向前陆一侧具有泥页岩向鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁的变化特征。其中鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁丘组合发育于15～30m深度的前陆同斜缓坡上,呈面向西的条带状展布,其走向线与龙门山冲断带的走向大致平行。并可将其划分为7个鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁相带,表明卡尼期硅质海绵礁丘和滩沿底部不整合面向南东方向的前陆缓坡超覆,其超覆线和相带的走向与龙门山冲断带的走向平行,显示了7条硅质海绵礁丘和滩是随着相对海平上升过程而向南东方向的前陆缓坡超覆过程中逐次形成的。卡尼期硅质海绵礁迁移速率为18mm·yr-1,其与龙门山造山楔推进速率(15mm·yr-1)基本一致,表明印支期龙门山逆冲楔推进速率与前陆鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁丘迁移速率具有明显的耦合关系。据此,本次提出了龙门山前陆盆地早期前陆型碳酸盐缓坡和硅质海绵礁的迁移模式,其形成的过程为:龙门山造山楔于卡尼期初始构造负载于扬子板块西缘,导致了前陆地区的挠曲沉降,形成了前陆盆地,驱动了相对海平面的持续上升,前陆盆地处于欠补偿状态,当相对海平面上升速率与硅质海绵礁生长速率相同时,在15～30m深度的前陆同斜缓坡上发育了鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁丘组合,随着龙门山造山楔不断地的向前陆地区推进,前陆盆地内相对海平面持续上升,逐次在前陆缓坡上15～30m深度的的位置开启了新的硅质海绵礁群的生长窗,形成了本区卡尼期7条带状展布的鲕粒滩-硅质海绵礁丘组合。因此,硅质海绵礁的淹没过程和迁移过程是龙门山造山楔向扬子克拉通推进过程的沉积响应,显示了在卡尼期-诺利期松潘-甘孜残留洋盆的迅速闭合和逆冲楔构造负载向扬子板块推进的动力学过程。 相似文献
5.
鄂东黄石地区下三叠统大冶组风暴沉积 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
鄂东黄石地区下三叠统大冶组灰岩中发育了典型的风暴沉积,风暴岩由砾屑灰岩、颗粒灰岩和泥灰岩组成,其中风暴沉积构造包括丘状交错层理、递变层理、砾屑的撕裂构造及水平层理等,不同层位具有不同的风暴沉积构造类型和组合特征。根据风暴沉积的岩石特征、构造类型、规模、组合特点,并结合沉积背景分析,风暴沉积序列可进一步分为深水远源型、过渡型和浅水近源型。大冶组一段风暴沉积具有深水远源特点,沉积环境为水体较深的外陆棚; 大冶组二段风暴沉积具有过渡型特点,沉积环境为向上变浅的内陆棚; 大冶组三、四段风暴沉积具有浅水近源特点,沉积环境为浅水陆棚至滨岸。大冶组沉积序列具有向上变浅的特点,沉积环境由深水陆棚逐渐向滨岸转变。风暴沉积的识别对重建鄂东黄石地区早三叠世古地理具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
晚三叠世龙门山前陆盆地早期(卡尼期)碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁的淹没过程与动力机制 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
晚三叠世龙门山前陆盆地分布于扬子克拉通西缘,属于印支期造山楔构造负载驱动的挠曲型前渊凹陷.其中卡尼期马鞍塘组是分布于底部不整合面之上的第一套地层单元,记录了前缘隆起边缘碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁的构建和淹没过程.据钻孔揭示马鞍塘组的最大厚度超过250m,显示为西北厚东南薄的楔形结构,从北西向南东依次分布了深水盆地、碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁和浅水滨岸带等沉积物类型.其中碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁分布于前陆盆地的远端,呈面向西的条带状展布,其走向线与龙门山冲断带的走向大致平行.碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁的厚度介于30～100m之间,由北西向南东变薄.在垂向上,马鞍塘组由3部分构成,下部为鲕粒滩和生物碎屑滩,中部为海绵礁,上部为黑色页岩,显示为向上变细、变深的沉积序列.在Li et al.(2003)盆地模拟的基础上,本次对卡尼期前陆盆地的沉降速率、沉积速率、海绵礁生长速率、相对海平面上升速率进行了定量计算,其中沉降速率为0.10mm·a-1、沉积速率为0.04mm·a-1、海绵礁生长速率为0.03mm·a-1、相对海平面上升速率介于0.01mm·a-1～0.05mm · a-1之间.研究结果表明:在卡尼期早期,相对海平面处于初始上升阶段,相对海平面上升速率较小,盆地处于欠补偿状态,沉积了碳酸盐缓坡型鲕粒滩和生物碎屑滩;在卡尼期中期,相对海平面上升速率等于海绵礁生长速率,海绵礁持续保持垂直向上的生长状态,形成了高度达100余米的塔礁;在卡尼期晚期,相对海平面上升速率大于海绵礁生长速率,礁顶的水深逐步变大,导致礁体被淹溺致死,从而在卡尼期形成了鲕粒灰岩滩-生物碎屑滩-海绵礁灰岩-页岩的向上变细、变深的沉积序列,显示了前陆盆地早期碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁生长并被淹没的特有模式.本次研究成果表明龙门山前陆盆地的底部不整合面和碳酸盐缓坡、海绵礁的淹没过程是扬子板块西缘印支期造山楔逆冲构造负载的挠曲变形的产物,显示了在卡尼期松潘-甘孜残留洋盆的迅速闭合和造山楔构造负载向扬子板块的推进过程. 相似文献
7.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》1999,17(5-6):805-827
The sedimentary history of the Nepal Tethys Himalaya began with deposition of thick carbonates in the Cambro?–Ordovician, followed by a mixed siliciclastic–carbonate epicontinental succession recording two major deepening events in the Early Silurian and Late Devonian. Fossiliferous carbonate ramp deposits in the Tournaisian were disconformably followed by white quartzose sandstones and black mudrocks with locally intercalated diamictites derived from sedimentary rocks and deposited in asymmetric tectonic basins (“rift stage”). Break-up in the mid-Early Permian, locally associated with effusion of tholeiitic lava flows, was followed by a transgressive sandy to shaly, locally coal-bearing or bioclastic unit capped by condensed pelagic carbonates in the Middle to Late Permian (“juvenile ocean stage”). Subsidence of the cooling stretched crust led close to bathyal water depths in the Olenekian, but then slowed down in the Middle Triassic to increase again sharply in the Late Triassic owing to renewed extensional tectonic activity and sediment loading during up- and out-building of the Indian continental terrace. Deposition of tropical platform carbonates finally became widespread in the middle Liassic (“mature passive margin stage”). The initial fragmentation of Gondwana in the Middle Jurassic led to rejuvenation of the Indian craton and deposition of quartzo-feldspathic hybrid arenites, capped by condensed oolitic ironstones deposited at warm subtropical latitudes in the late Bathonian/middle Callovian. Next, a discontinuous pelagic grey marly limestone unit was followed by the ammonoid-rich offshore Spiti Shale in the Late Jurassic. The final disintegration of Gondwana began in the Berriasian, when quartzose siliciclastics derived again from the rejuvenated Indian craton and partly from recycling of older clastic successions were followed by thick deltaic to shelf volcaniclastics documenting eruption of alkali basalts in the Valanginian? followed in the Hauterivian to Albian by more felsic differentiates such as the trachyandesites exposed in the Lesser Himalaya 120 km to the south. A widespread drowning episode, fostered by waning volcaniclastic supply during a global eustatic rise, is documented by a major glauconitic horizon deposited at middle southern latitudes in the late Albian, overlain by “Scaglia-like” pelagic limestones in the latest Albian. The final part of sedimentary history, during the rapid northward flight of India and its collision with Eurasia, is not documented anywhere in Nepal due to later erosion of Upper Cretaceous to Lower Tertiary strata. 相似文献
8.
The Cenomanian–Turonian succession of southern Mexico is characterized by an abrupt change from shallow marine to pelagic facies. The drowning of the platform coincides with the widely documented Cenomanian–Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event (CTOAE). A proper understanding of the drowning event and the effects of the OAE requires, as an essential first step, the construction of a detailed stratigraphic framework. This has been achieved and utilizes sedimentological data as well as a combination of benthic and planktonic biostratigraphic schemes.
Deposition of the Cenomanian–Turonian sedimentary rocks of the Guerrero–Morelos basin was controlled by tectonic and oceanographic factors resulting in depositional environments ranging from a semi-restricted shelf, ramp, pelagic and prodelta deposits. Facies analysis indicates that shallow marine limestones of the Morelos Formation (lower-upper Cenomanian) were deposited in intertidal–shallow supratidal and subtidal environments in a semi-restricted shelf. Peloidal-bioclastic packstone–wackestones with minor grainstones are the predominant texture of these rocks. Abundant large benthic foraminifers, calcareous algae (dasycladacean) and mollusks (gastropods and rudists) characterize the fossil assemblage.
The Cuautla Formation (uppermost Cenomanian–Turonian) represents sedimentation on a low-energy, wave-dominated, carbonate ramp. The inner ramp accumulated bioclastic banks and shoals composed of peloidal-benthic foraminifer-grainstone, calcareous red and green algae, rudists and minor solitary corals. The middle ramp is represented by nodular packstones with a diverse assemblage of echinoderms, green and red algae, bryozoan, rudists, solitary corals, roveacrinids, calcisphaerulids, and non-keeled planktonic foraminifers. The outer ramp is dominated by argillaceous wackestone–packstone characterized by calcisphaerulids, roveacrinids, and non-keeled planktonic foraminifers. An increase in terrigenous-clastic material towards the eastern part of the area indicates progradation of a deltaic system while the Mexcala Formation (uppermost Cenomanian–Turonian) was deposited in a pelagic setting.
The drowning of the platform is at the contact between the Morelos and Cuautla or Mexcala formations and is dated as latest Cenomanian. The drowning is a hiatus in most sections and it began before the end of the Cenomanian by a minimum of 150 ky if the top of the Morelos is not eroded. 相似文献
9.
Shallow marine deposits comprising the Silurian Gray Sandstone Formation (GSF) exhibit pronounced process regime changes through time. The formation was deposited on the southern shelf of the Lower Palaeozoic Welsh Basin (UK), and conformably overlies the Coralliferous Formation. The basal Lithofacies Assemblage A (of Sheinwoodian age) is dominated by a storm‐dominated process regime, comprising shoreface and offshore shelf facies associations. The overlying Lithofacies Assemblage B records a mixed process regime, with units being deposited under both storm‐ and tide‐influenced conditions. Tidal‐influence prevailed during deposition of the overlying Lithofacies Assemblage C, with proximal to distal facies variations across a significant tide‐influenced river delta being observed. A return to storm‐dominated shoreface conditions is seen in the succeeding Lithofacies Assemblage D. Lithofacies Assemblage E (Homerian age) records the return of a tide‐influenced river delta to the area, prior to the conformable transition into the overlying Old Red Sandstone (ORS) Red Cliff Formation (of Ludlow age). Northward thickening of the formation across southern Pembrokeshire into the Musselwick Fault indicates a tectonic control on sedimentation, the formation infilling accommodation space developed in an intra‐shelf half‐graben. Recurring changes in process regime from storm‐ to tide‐influenced sedimentation may be related to the onset and subsequent cessation of tidal resonance in sub‐basins across the shelf area which itself was probably controlled by episodic tectonism. It is proposed that the Coralliferous and Gray Sandstone formations comprise the newly erected Marloes Group. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
Sequence‐stratigraphic interpretations of the 4200 m‐thick Palaeoproterozoic (1700–1650 Ma) Mt Isa Group and underlying Surprise Creek Formation identify three unconformity‐bounded packages termed the Prize, Gun and Loretta Supersequences. Siliciclastic rocks of the Surprise Creek Formation and Warrina Park Quartzite comprise the Prize Supersequence. Rapid facies changes from proximal, conglomeratic fluvial packages to distal, fine‐grained and deep‐water, rhythmites characterise this supersequence. Conglomeratic intervals in the Mt Isa area reflect syndepositional movement along basin‐margin faults during the period of supersequence initiation. A major unconformity, which extends over a period of about 25 million years, separates the Gun and Prize Supersequences. In the Leichhardt River Fault Trough uplift and incision of Prize sedimentary rocks coincided with emplacement of the Sybella Granite (1671±8 Ma) and Carters Bore Rhyolite (1678±2 Ma) and the removal of an unknown thickness of Prize Supersequence section. Deep‐water, turbiditic rhythmites of the Mt Isa Group dominated the Gun and Loretta Supersequences. Tempestites are present over discrete intervals and represent times of relative shallowing. High accommodation and sedimentation rates at the base of the Gun Supersequence resulted in the deposition of transgressive nearshore facies (uppermost Warrina Park Quartzite) overlain by a thick interval of deep‐water, siltstone‐mudstone rhythmites of the Moondarra Siltstone and Breakaway Shale. With declining rates of siliciclastic sedimentation and shallowing of the succession, calcareous sediments of the Native Bee Siltstone prograded over the deeper water deposits. Two third‐order sequences, Gun 1 and 2, characterise these lower parts of the Gun Supersequence. An increase in accommodation rates near the top of the Native Bee Siltstone in Gun 3 time, resulted in a return to deep‐water sedimentation with deposition of dolomitic rhythmites of the Urquhart Shale and Spear Siltstone. The Pb–Zn–Ag ore‐hosting interval of the Urquhart Shale is interpreted to occur in progradational highstand deposits of the Gun 3 Sequence. In the Leichhardt River Fault Trough the Loretta Supersequence boundary forms a correlative conformity. Coarser grained and thicker bedded sediments of the Kennedy Siltstone comprise lowstand deposits at the base of this cycle. These sediments fine up into the transgressive, deep‐water, siliciclastic facies of the Magazine Shale, which in turn are truncated against the Mt Isa Fault. 相似文献
11.
藏北羌塘盆地独雪山地区,在原先认为不整合于早侏罗世火山岩系之上的“中侏罗统雀莫错组”中, 新近发现了一套早侏罗世淡水双壳类祁阳蚌(Qiyangia)组合,表明羌北盆地存在早侏罗世沉积地层,其为一套海陆交互相沉积的粗碎屑岩→灰岩→细碎屑岩夹灰岩,下侏罗统与中侏罗统为连续沉积。据此资料,该区侏罗系目前采用的岩石地层单位系统及地层的对比认识存有问题,文章对此套早侏罗世沉积的岩石地层划分方案进行了讨论, 指出雁石坪地区的侏罗系岩石地层系统作为等时的地层单位运用于羌北盆地北西部并不适宜,羌北盆地已有的地层系统格架有必要重新认识。 相似文献
12.
A suprasubduction zone oceanic back-arc setting for the Paleoproterozoic Kandra ophiolite complex (KOC) in southern India has been suggested from geochemical signatures. The telescoped segments of thin deformed sedimentary successions of shallow marine to pelagic affinity, overlying a basaltic substrate and preserved within thrust slices of the KOC, are tectonically juxtaposed against the Eastern Dharwar craton margin. In the northern thrust slice (Kandra village succession), about 150 m of sedimentary strata show intercalation of quartz arenite and basaltic flow in the lower part, grading upwards to heterolithic sandstone-mudstone deposited above the storm wave base. In the southeastern part of the KOC (Gurramkonda succession), deep-water greywacke turbidite, pelagic chert, mafic tuff and volcaniclastics, and quartz arenite deposited below the storm wave base, are preserved as thrust bound packets. Intermittent basaltic outpourings punctuated deeper water deposition as evidenced by alternate metachert and metabasalt layers, and emplacement of basaltic rocks along small thrusts which transpose stratification. Craton margin sediments consists of immature, coarse terrigenous clastics intercalated with thin mafic tuff, suggesting influence of mass flow processes giving way to fluvial sedimentation in the lower part of the Udaigiri Group. Further up, fine grained plane laminated siltstone-shale with rippled sandstone lenses grade upward to compositionally mature quartz arenite deposited close to the craton margin, with signatures of tidal- and wave reworking. The association of stratigraphic successions of two contrasting depositional environments in the KOC adds to the spectrum of variation of sedimentary collage of the ocean plate stratigraphy. The Kandra village and Gurramkonda successions of the KOC, possibly represent ancient arc-trench milieu, and shallower part of oceanic marginal basin respectively. Paleoproterozoic subduction-accretion process led to collapse of these basins and tectonic emplacement of the KOC against the Eastern Dharwar craton margin which hosted near shore sedimentary succession of the Udaigiri Group, occurring west of the KOC. 相似文献
13.
North Carnarvon盆地是澳大利亚最主要的产油气盆地,也是世界上主要的富气盆地之一.三叠纪North Carnarvon盆地属于克拉通边缘坳陷,地层厚度巨大且平面分布广.中三叠世晚期澳大利亚西北陆架发生强制性海退,造成North Carnarvon盆地沉积格局发生转变,沉积环境由滨浅海突变为海陆过渡环境,从而沉积了两套差异性明显的地层,即Locker shale 和Mungaroo组.本文从宏观和微观、有机与无机入手,阐述了Locker shale 和Mungaroo组的古地理背景、沉积充填演化及其相关的烃源岩与有机质显微组分发育特征.宏观上,Mungaroo组发育大型三角洲,中粗粒分支流水道砂岩与暗色泥岩频繁互层,其中近端三角洲平原泥岩厚度较薄,薄煤层只局部发育,陆源有机质含量较高,平均TOC含量为1.59%;远端三角洲平原泥岩厚度较大,薄煤层广泛发育,陆源有机质含量高,TOC含量最高,达4.11%;三角洲前缘泥岩厚度较大,陆源有机质含量低,TOC含量低,为1.05%.Locker Shale以滨浅海相沉积为主,局部发育小型三角洲,其中开阔浅海亚相烃源岩厚度较大,前三角洲、滨浅海、开阔浅海三个亚相TOC含量相当,平均值为1.16%.微观上,Mungaroo组由近端平原亚相—远端平原亚相—前缘亚相壳质组含量逐渐增多,镜质组先增加后下降,惰质组先减少后增加;远端三角洲平原镜质组含量最高.Locker shale由前三角洲相—浅海相壳质组增加,镜质组和惰质组均减少.研究区三叠系烃源岩及有机质显微组分的分布规律与特提斯南缘特殊的古地理、季风洪水的古气候背景密切相关,Mungaroo组的远端三角洲平原为最有利的烃源岩发育环境. North Carnarvon 盆地三叠系岩相古地理格局与沉积充填演化规律体现了温室气候效应下阵发性水流主导的沉积特色,为类似地质背景下油气资源评价提供了新的思路. 相似文献
14.
Greg M. Baniak Murray K. Gingras Beverly A. Burns S. George Pemberton 《Sedimentology》2014,61(5):1261-1285
Integrated ichnological and sedimentological analyses of core samples from the Upper Jurassic Ula Formation in the Norwegian Central Graben were undertaken to quantify the influence of storm waves on sedimentation. Two main facies associations (offshore and shoreface) that form a progradational coarsening upward succession are recognizable within the cores. The offshore deposits are characterized by massive to finely laminated mudstones and fine‐grained sandstones, within a moderately to highly bioturbated complex. The trace fossil assemblage is dominated by deposit‐feeding structures (for example, Planolites, Phycosiphon and Rosselia) and constitutes an expression of the proximal Zoophycos to distal Cruziana ichnofacies. The absence of grazing behaviours and dominance of deposit‐feeding ichnofossils is a reflection of the increased wave energies present (i.e. storm‐generated currents) within an offshore setting. The shoreface succession is represented by highly bioturbated fine‐grained to medium‐grained sandstones, with intervals of planar and trough cross‐bedding, thin pebble lags and bivalve‐rich shell layers. The ichnofossil assemblage, forming part of the Skolithos ichnofacies, is dominated by higher energy Ophiomorpha nodosa ichnofossils and lower energy Ophiomorpha irregulaire and Siphonichnus ichnofossils. The presence of sporadic wave‐generated sedimentary structures and variability in ichnofossil diversity and abundance attests to the influence of storm‐generated currents during deposition. As a whole, the Ula Formation strongly reflects the influence of storm deposits on sediment deposition; consequently, storm‐influenced shoreface most accurately describes these depositional environments. 相似文献
15.
湘西-黔东地区早寒武世沉积序列及铅锌成矿制约 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
湘西-黔东地区下寒武统发育完整,是一套从黑色岩系到碳酸盐岩的沉积序列,代表早寒武世复杂的古地理变迁。纵向上,下寒武统组成一个二级层序,可以进一步划分为5个三级层序,构成总体向上变浅的沉积相序列,同时反映了缓坡型碳酸盐岩台地的生长发育过程,铅锌矿赋存于第四层序高水位体系域中;空间上从北西至南东发育从局限台地、浅滩和微生物(藻)丘相、陆棚相等沉积。岩相古地理对层控铅锌矿具有明显的控制作用,主要分布于台地边缘藻丘和浅滩相与局限台地潮下过渡部位。研究表明牛蹄塘组黑色碳质页岩是铅锌矿源层,清虚洞组灰岩是主要容矿层,其中浊积岩、藻丘体、砾(粒)屑灰岩构成一个完整的铅锌控矿序列。 相似文献
16.
17.
陕西韩城寒武系出露良好 ,化石丰富 ,假整合覆盖于厚约 2 0 m的霍山组石英砂岩之上 ,从下寒武统上部至奥陶系为沉积连续。本区寒武系主要以紫色和黄色泥页岩、泥灰岩、灰岩和白云质灰岩为主 ,从下到上可划分为馒头组、毛庄组、徐庄组、张夏组和三山子组。根据在本区寒武系发现的三叶虫化石 ,韩城地区寒武系可划分为 14个生物带 ,自上而下为 :Blackwelderia带 ,Damesella带 ,L iopeishania带 ,Dorpyge richthofeni带 ,Crepicephalina带 ,Manchuriella带 ,Poriagraulos带 ,Inouyops带 ,Sunaspis带 ,H suchuagia带 ,Shantungaspis带 ,Probowmaniella带 ,Weijiaspis带和 Redlichia murakamii带。 相似文献
18.
Aymon Baud Sylvain RichozBenoit Beauchamp Fabrice CordeyStephen Grasby Charles M. HendersonLeopold Krystyn Alda Nicora 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2012,43(1):130-144
The Middle Permian to Lower Triassic Buday’ah section, exposed in the Oman Mountains, is the first deep-sea section to be described in the Neotethys. The oceanic sediments were deposited along the southern Tethys margin in the newly formed Hawasina Basin. It is one of the few places where true Tethyan Permian radiolarites are exposed that allow the documentation of CCD evolution through time. The succession begins as oceanic crust pillow basalt with red ammonoid-rich pelagic limestone occurring both above and within inter-pillow cavities; the new occurrence of Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis indicates a late Capitanian age for the carbonate. The sharp change to overlying late Capitanian to Changhsingian radiolarite reflects rapid subsidence about 10 Myrs after initial continental breakup that resulted in the formation of the Neotethys Ocean. New conodonts indicate that the Permian-Triassic boundary succession occurs in the first platy lime mudstone beds above a Changhsingian siliceous to calcareous shale unit. The platy lime mudstone beds include an Upper Griesbachian bloom of calcite filled spheres (radiolarians?) that marks a potential world-wide event. New conodonts indicate an early Olenekian age for overlying grey papery limestone that are devoid of both macrofossils and trace fossils indicating that recovery from the Late Permian extinction has not yet progressed within this deep-water environment.δ13Corg, isotope values have not been disturbed and they show a negative shift just below the Permian-Triassic transition and a second one at the parvus zone level above. The Buday’ah succession may represent the most distal and probably deepest Permian and Lower Triassic depositional sequence within the basin. 相似文献
19.
塔里木盆地西北缘中奥陶统其浪组风暴岩中遗迹化石及其环境意义 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪断隆中奥陶统其浪组中上段L M灰泥互层沉积地层中发育远源钙质风暴岩,其中发育属Zoophycos遗迹相的Phycodes Megagrapton遗迹组合,包括Belorhape,Circulichnus,Dendrichnites,Gordia,Granularia,Megagrapton,Phycodes,Planolites,Protopaleodictyon,Rhabdoglyphas等遗迹属。该组合遗迹形态主要为分枝迹,习性以觅食迹为主,显著特点是包含多种深水遗迹分子。这些特征与以往报道的风暴岩中遗迹组合特征有明显的差别。该组合反映其浪组风暴岩形成于滨外风暴浪基面以下水体较深且水动力较弱的静水地带。此组合可以成为判定远源风暴岩以及区分事件和正常灰岩的良好辅助标志。 相似文献
20.
Luis O'Dogherty Agustín Martín-Algarra Hans-Jürgen Gursky Roque Aguado 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2001,90(4):831-846
Middle Jurassic radiolarites and associated pelagic limestones occur in the Rondaide Nieves unit of the Betic Cordillera, southern Spain. The Rondaide Mesozoic includes: (a) a thick succession of Triassic platform carbonates, comparable to the Alpine Hauptdolomit and Kössen facies; (b) Lower Jurassic pelagic limestones comparable to the Alpine Hierlatz and Adnet facies; (c) the Middle Jurassic Parauta Radiolarite Formation, described herein; and (d) a thin Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous condensed limestone succession. The Parauta Radiolarite Formation and associated limestones were studied with respect to stratigraphy, petrography, micropalaeontology (radiolarians, calcareous nanno- and microfossils) and facies. Radiolarite sedimentation occurred in the Middle Bathonian in a restricted and dysoxic deep Nieves basin, perched in the distal zone of a continental margin fringing the Tethyan ocean. This margin was adjacent to a young narrow oceanic basin between the South-Iberian margin and a continental block called Mesomediterranean Terrane. The Nieves basin was part of a marine corridor between the Proto-Atlantic and Piedmont-Ligurian basins of the Alpine Tethys. The regional tectonic position, the stratigraphical evolution since the Triassic, the age and the nature of the Mesozoic facies and the palaeogeographic relations to adjacent domains show striking analogies between the Betic Rondaide margin and coeval units of the Alps. 相似文献