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1.
利用连续小波分析和经验模态分解方法,对我国北方地区(33°～41°N,108°～115°E)1470 ～2002年每年夏季降水量指数的时间序列进行了周期成分分析,探索全球气候变暖下的该地区降水量的多尺度变化特征.小波分析表明,降水量指数的可能周期有2.57a,4.83a,10.65a,23.25a,48.56a,68.30a和105.90a的周期,在95％置信水平有统计意义的周期是2.57a和23.25a的周期.这些周期和自然因素导致的周期相联系,不仅包含了气候系统内部(平流层准2a振荡和厄尔尼诺/南方涛动)的非线性作用,还包含了气候系统外(主要是太阳活动)受强迫的周期变化,且二者在原始降水量中所在比重相当,共同反映了原始降水量的绝大部分变化.降水量不只是在百年尺度上受太阳活动的驱动,在数十年尺度上也受到太阳活动的影响.我国北方地区的夏季降水量指数和夏季温度指数同相位反相关,全球增温并没有明显地改变二者之间的反相关关系.近百年来全球变暖期间,夏季降水量出现明显的新特征:短周期成分(小于30a的周期)的振幅比以往要显著大,而长周期成分的振幅比以往要显著小,同时呈现降水量逐年减少的长期变化趋势. 相似文献
2.
作为快速扩张洋中脊,东太平洋海隆岩浆作用研究对理解洋壳形成和演化有着重要意义.我们对获得于东太平洋海隆13°N附近的玄武岩进行了地球化学研究,包括:常量元素、微量和稀土元素、铀系同位素及矿物熔体包裹体研究. 相似文献
3.
S. A. Silantyev N. S. Bortnikov K. N. Shatagin V. E. Bel’tenev N. N. Kononkova Ya. V. Bychkova E. A. Krasnova 《Petrology》2016,24(4):336-366
The paper presents petrological and geochemical data on mantle peridotite, basalt, and metamorphic rocks sampled in Cruise 36 of the R/V Professor Logachev at the MAR axial zone between 17° and 20° N. These data are interesting not only as providing new information on the inner structure of the oceanic crust in the still-poorly known axial MAR segment but also in the context of the fundamental problem of interaction between magmatic and hydrothermal systems in slow-spreading mid-oceanic ridges. The MAR axial zone between 17° and 20° N was determined to host both weakly and strongly depleted residual peridodites, which suggests that the degree of mantle source melting significantly varied along the ridge axis in this segment. The MAR crest zone comprises slabs of serpentinized peridotite brought to the seafloor surface at various time. The most strongly depleted mantle peridotites likely uplifted later than the mildly and weakly depleted rocks in the same areas. A mantle reservoir beneath the MAR axial zone at 20° N is not isotopically related to the mantle source of the parental MORB melts, and high-Mg metabasites exposed at 17°56- N were derived from a crustal source that was modified near the root zone of a high-temperature hydrothermal system. The studied area seems to display traces of an extinct hydrothermal field and likely an ore occurrence related to it. 相似文献
4.
New hydrothermal ore fields in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Zenith-Victoria (20°08′ N) and Petersburg (19°52′ N) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
V. V. Shilov V. E. Bel’tenev V. N. Ivanov G. A. Cherkashev I. I. Rozhdestvenskaya I. F. Gablina I. G. Dobretsova E. V. Narkevskii A. N. Gustaitis V. Yu. Kuznetsov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,442(1):63-69
5.
V. E. Bel’tenev L. I. Lazareva G. A. Cherkashev V. I. Ivanov I. I. Rozhdestvenskaya V. A. Kuznetsov A. A. Laiba E. V. Narkevskiy 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2017,476(1):1010-1015
Two new sulfide fields (Yubileinoe, 20°09′ N, and Surprise, 20°45.4′ N) were discovered between 20°01′ and 20°54′ N within the Russian Application Area of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). The Yubileinoe field is located at a depth of 2300–2550 m in the near-top area of the first rift ridge, which is a boundary of the western wall of the rift valley. This new field and the Zenith-Victory field, which was previously discovered in the eastern wall, occur symmetrically relative to the rift valley of this MAR segment. The Surprise field at a depth of 2800–2850 m is situated in the eastern wall of the rift valley, on the slope of the volcanic uplift. After the discovery of these inactive sulfide fields, the number of hydrothermal fields within the Russian Application Area reached ten. 相似文献
6.
为研究东太平洋海隆9°～10°N热液活动特征,采用成因矿物学方法,通过矿相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析以及电子探针等手段,对烟囱体矿物成分、结构和地球化学特征进行了研究.该区烟囱体硫化物矿物有3种矿物组合:(1)硬石膏 白铁矿 黄铁矿;(2)黄铁矿 闪锌矿 黄铜矿;(3)黄铜矿 斑铜矿 蓝辉铜矿 铜蓝.成矿热液流体温度经历了低-高-低的变化,最高温度可达到400℃以上.该热液烟囱为典型的"黑烟囱"类型,早期硬石膏沉淀形成烟囱体的框架,后期的金属硫化物在烟囱体内表面沉淀,由烟囱壁向内形成了硬石膏-黄铁矿、多金属硫化物和黄铜矿及次生铜矿物的矿物分带. 相似文献
7.
I. F. Gablina I. G. Dobretsova V. E. Beltenev A. D. Lyutkevich E. V. Narkevskii A. N. Gustaitis 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,442(2):163-167
Based on studies conducted on the 33rd cruise of the R/V Professor Logachev in 2010, a new type of sulfide mineralization of the mid-oceanic ridges has been established. It was formed in the present-day
organic sediments due to diffuse penetration of hydrothermal fluids that emanated along the fractures in basalts on the slopes
of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 相似文献
8.
大气硝酸盐（包括颗粒态硝酸盐和气态硝酸）是一种重要的含氮物质,在北冰洋氮的生物地球化学循环中起着重要作用。然而,目前关于北冰洋上大气硝酸盐形成机制的研究较少,限制了对该地区氮氧化物（NOX）到硝酸盐相关大气化学过程的理解。作为2012年夏季中国第五次北极科学考察的内容之一,本研究采集了科考航线上的大气气溶胶样品,并对北冰洋航段（62.3°~74.7° N）上样品中硝酸盐的氮氧同位素（δ15N,δ17O和δ18O）进行了分析以研究该区域大气硝酸盐的形成过程。观测到的Δ17O（NO
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10.
Gablina I. F. Dobretsova I. G. Popova E. A. Dara O. M. Sadchikova T. A. Gor’kova N. V. Mikheev V. V. 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2021,56(2):113-131
Lithology and Mineral Resources - The paper presents the mineral and chemical compositions of carbonate, metalliferous, and ore-bearing sediments developed within the Pobeda ore cluster based on... 相似文献
11.
S. A. Silantyev L. V. Danyushevsky A. A. Plechova L. Dosso B. A. Bazylev V. E. Bel’tenev 《Petrology》2008,16(1):36-62
Data presented in the paper suggest significant differences between the thermodynamic conditions under which magmatic complexes were formed in MAR at 29°–34° N and 12°–18° N. The melts occurring at 29°–34° N were derived by the melting of a mantle source with a homogeneous distribution of volatile components and arrived at the surface without significant fractionation, likely, due to their rapid ascent. The MAR segments between 12° and 18° N combine contrasting geodynamic environments of magmatism, which predetermined the development of a large plume region with the widespread mixing of the melting products of geochemically distinct mantle sources. At the same time, this region is characterized by conditions favorable for the origin of localized zones of anomalous plume magmatism. These sporadic magmatic sources were spatially restricted to MAR fragments with the Hess crust, whose compositional and mechanical properties were, perhaps, favorable for the focusing and localization of plume magmatism. The plume source between 12° and 18°N beneath MAR may be geochemically heterogeneous. 相似文献
12.
在东太平洋海隆13°N附近在过去的30年里,尤其是在发现海底热液活动以来,对海隆内部玄武岩进行过大量详细的研究.研究表明洋中脊玄武岩地幔源区组成具有不一致性,并且即使在很小的区域范围玄武岩的同位素组成也表现具有差异性(Allègre和Condomines,1982;Niu,2002;Rudge等,2005;Anderson,2006).而一般地球化学家不倾向于利用微量元素限定地幔源区的微量元素的富集程度(O'Hara,2002),这是由于微量元素在岩浆过程中受到多种因素的影响,如:①地幔熔融程度,地幔熔融程度对不相容微量元素在熔体相中的富集程度影响很大,不同微量元素的相容性的差异性更增加了对地幔源区组成的不确定性;②参与部分熔融的地幔源区矿物组成的不确定性,在尖晶石一二辉橄榄岩源区微量元素的富集主要受控于单斜辉石的熔融程度;③地幔熔融的形式,分离部分熔融将比批式熔融对地幔不相容微量的亏损程度影响更大;④原始岩浆在迁移上升过程中受到岩浆分离结晶作用、岩浆混合及与围岩混染作用的影响. 相似文献
13.
《Applied Geochemistry》1997,12(4):383-395
594 sediment samples from the Galapagos Rift System (GRS) and the crest of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) were chemically analyzed for 12 elements. Carbonate-free compositional datasets associated with each of 3 regions, the GRS, the EPR 2°N–4°S and the EPR 10°S–42°S, were separately subjected to endmember analysis. The compositions of endmember estimates were constructed for each dataset. These composition largely confirmed theidentities of endmembers that had previously been inferred from the varimax rotated loadings of a conventional factor analysis (of the correlation matrices) of the same 3 datasets.In view of the widely-reported unreliability of the correlation structure of compositional data, the confirmation by endmember analysis of the results of a factor analysis is itself quite remarkable. However, the particular advantage of endmember analysis is that the chemical compositions of extreme sources are estimated, and may readily be interpreted. The samples in the dataset can then be expressed as mixtures of these extreme sources. By contrast, the varimax rotated loadings of a factor analysis indicate only those elements that are associated together on a single factor which may or may not be an endmember, the composition of which nevertheless remains unknown. 相似文献
14.
D. Bala Subrahamanyam Radhika Ramachandran S. Indira Rani S. Sijikumar T. J. Anurose Asish Kumar Ghosh 《Natural Hazards》2012,61(3):893-910
Accurate knowledge of different meteorological parameters over a launch site is very crucial for efficient management of satellite
launch operations. Local weather over the Indian satellite launch site located at Sriharikota High Altitude Range (SHAR: 13.72°N,
80.22°E) is very much dependent on the atmospheric circulation prevailing over the Bay of Bengal oceanic region and topography-induced
convective activities. With a view to providing severe weather threat prediction in terms of launch commit criteria (LCC),
two numerical atmospheric models namely high-resolution regional model (HRM) and advanced regional prediction system (ARPS)
are made operational over SHAR in a synoptic and mesoscale domain, respectively. In the present research article, two launch
campaigns through Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C11 and PSLV-C12) when contrasting weather conditions prevailed over
the launch site are chosen for demonstration of potential of two models in providing location-specific short-to-medium-range
weather predictions meeting the needs of LCC. In the case of PSLV-C11 campaign, when the launch site underwent frequent thundershower-associated
rainfall, ARPS model–derived meteorological fields were effectively used in prediction of probability of the wet spells. On
the other hand, Bay of Bengal underwent severe cyclonic storm during PSLV-C12 campaign, and its formation was reasonable captured
through HRM simulations. It is concluded that a combination of HRM and ARPS provide reliable short-to-medium-range weather
prediction over SHAR, which has got profound importance in launch-related activities. 相似文献
15.
Photosynthetically available radiation (PAR; 400–700 nm, E m−2 d−1) is the fraction of the total solar energy (Mjoules m−2 d−1) that is used by organisms for photosynthesis and vision. We present a statistical summary of a 17-yr time series of PAR
data (1982–1998) collected near Chesapeake Bay as well as a second set of data on PAR and total solar energy gathered over
a shorter time span (1997–1998). The time series data (5,126 daily totals) varied between 1–67 E m−2 d−1 and were used to estimate the minimum and maximum values of PAR as a function of day of the year. In monthly frequency distributions
of the PAR data, three modes were observed corresponding to sunny, partly cloudy, and overcast days. The second set of PAR
and total solar energy data were used to examine the ratio of PAR to total solar energy, which was 2.04 E Mjoule−1 for PAR between 10 and 70 E m−2 d−1. On overcast days, the ratio increased to as high as 3 E Mjoule−1 as PAR increased in importance as a fraction of the total solar energy. These values were consistent with others in the literature,
and the relationships reported here can be used to predict the climatology of PAR and total solar energy within the Chesapeake
region. The PAR data were also combined with reported minimum values of PAR for net primary production in the surface mixed
layer of the water column of aquatic systems to estimate the combinations of mixed layer depth and diffuse attenuation coefficient
(number of optical depths) under which light limitation of phytoplankton primary production is expected to occur. 相似文献
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17.
To characterize the hydrothermal processes of East Pacific rise at 9o-10oN, sulfide mineral compositions, textural, and geochemical features of chimney ores were studied using ore microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electron microprobe techniques. Results show that there are three mineral assemblages for the hydrothermal chimney ores, namely: (i) anhydrite marcasite pyrite, (ii) pyrite sphalerite chalcopyrite, and (iii) chalcopyrite bornite digenite covellite. Mineral assemblages, zonational features, and geochemical characteristics of the ore minerals indicate that ore fluid temperature changed from low to high then to low with a maximum temperature up to 400 ℃. The chimney is a typical black smoker. The initial structure of the chimney was formed by the precipitation of anhydrites, and later the sulfides began to precipitate in the inner wall. 相似文献
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19.
Conditions of the formation of plagiogranite from the Markov trough,Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 5°52′-6°02′N
Aranovich L. Ya. Bortnikov N. S. Serebryakov N. S. Sharkov E. V. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,434(1):1257-1262
Doklady Earth Sciences - 相似文献
20.
S. A. Silantyev E. A. Krasnova M. Cannat N. S. Bortnikov N. N. Kononkova V. E. Beltenev 《Geochemistry International》2011,49(4):323-354
This study aimed at reconstructing the sequence of events in the magmatic and metamorphic evolution of peridotites, gabbroids,
and trondhjemites of the oceanic core complexes of the Ashadze and Logachev hydrothermal vent fields. The study object was
the collections of plutonic rocks made during cruises 22 and 26 of the R/V Professor Logachev, Cruise 41 of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, and the Russian-French expedition Serpentine aboard the R/V Pourquoi pas? The data reported here suggest that the oceanic core complexes of the Ashadze and Logachev fields were formed via the same
scenario in the two MAR regions. On the other hand, the analysis of petrological and geochemical characteristics of the rocks
indicated that the oceanic core complexes of the MAR axial zone between 12°58′ and 14°45′N show a pronounced petrological
and geochemical heterogeneity manifested in variations in the degree of depletion of mantle residues and the Nd isotopic compositions
of the rocks of the gabbro-peridotite association. The trondhjemites of the Ashadze hydrothermal field can be considered as
partial melting products of gabbroids under the influence of hydrothermal fluid. It was supposed that the presence of trondhjemites
in the MAR oceanic core complexes can be used as a marker for the highest temperature deep-rooted hydrothermal systems. Perhaps,
the region of the MAR axial zone in which petrologically and geochemically contrasting oceanic core complexes are spatially
superimposed served as sites for the development of large hydrothermal clusters with a considerable ore-forming potential. 相似文献