共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Janet M. Bradford‐Grieve 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):941-949
Xantharus Andronov, 1981 is reported, for the first time from New Zealand, from the upper slope (306 m) off the southeastern coast of North Island (41°04.10′S, 176°22.05′E). Xantharus cryeri n. sp. females differ from the three known species by a combination of characters: antennules that extend to the distal border of pedigerous somite 2; ancestral segment XVIII of the antennule with 1 seta; mandible basis with 3 setae; maxilla endite 1 with 5 setae; leg 1 basis with inner distal border lined with small spinules; and leg 5 is squat, with all segments as long as wide and the 2 terminal spine‐like extensions of the terminal segment approximately as long as the articulated, inner, subterminal spine. 相似文献
2.
For 3 years aspects of the population dynamics, growth, and bioactivity (measure of biologically active metabolite biosynthesis) of the Demospongiae Latrunculia sp. nov. and Polymastia croceus (Kelly‐Borges & Bergquist) were examined on a subtidal reef on the Wellington south coast, New Zealand. For both species, survival of adult sponges was high in all seasons, whereas juvenile sponges had poor survival. Recruitment of Latrunculia sp. nov. occurred in all seasons indicating that this species is reproductively active throughout the year. P. croceus recruited mostly in autumn, supporting previous work that found the sponge to be reproductively active in summer and early autumn only. For both sponge species, growth rates varied greatly between individuals and were unaffected by initial sponge size within the range examined. Sponges generally grew during winter and spring as the water temperature rose, and shrank during summer and autumn as the water temperature fell. This growth pattern may relate to seasonal variation in food abundance, and for P. croceus it may result also from seasonal differences in reproductive investment. After 2 years, Latrunculia sp. nov. and P. croceus had on average, halved and doubled in size, respectively. Latrunculia sp. nov. showed a seasonal pattern of bioactivity, being most active in spring possibly to prevent the surface overgrowth of fouling organisms. P. croceus had no seasonal pattern of bioactivity, but individuals were either very active or inactive. The bioactive metabolites in both species possibly aid in competitive interactions and prevent predation and biofouling. 相似文献
3.
似三核线虫属的两个新种似三核线虫红树林种（Tripyloides mangrovensis n.sp.）和似三核线虫厦门种（Tripyloides amoyanus n.sp.）在本文中分别被描述，标本分别采自中国厦门同安湾红树林和海门岛红树林。两个新种都具有6根较粗的外唇刚毛，雄性标本不具有肛前附器，尾部圆锥圆柱形且不具有末端突起。似三核线虫红树林种（Tripyloides mangrovensis n.sp.）口器分成两部分，化感器圆形，尾部具有显著的近端圆锥形和远端纤细的圆柱形，圆柱形部分占尾部的2/3。似三核线虫厦门种（Tripyloides amoyanus n.sp.）口器分成3部分，具有小齿，化感器小，双环状，尾部1/3部分为圆柱形，引带有4个小齿。 相似文献
4.
Seasonal changes in ovarian activity were investigated in New Zealand turbot Colistium nudipinnis (Waite 1910) and brill Colistium guntheri (Hutton 1873), collected by commercial trawlers along the west coast of the South Island of New Zealand. Both species demonstrated group synchronous oocyte development, with a capacity for multiple ovulations within a reproductive season. During a 17‐h trawl survey, ovulated turbot were caught between 1500 and 2030 h, indicating a daily spawning rhythm. The turbot and brill spawning seasons were prolonged (late autumn to mid summer). A protracted spawning season confers some advantages in aquaculture. 相似文献
5.
Drifting mysids were sampled to determine diel activity, and whether mysid numbers vary with respect to inflowing and outflowing tides. Samples of drifting mysids were collected at the mouth of the Taieri River, New Zealand, over one 24‐h cycle using five replicate conical drift nets in January 1999. One‐night and 1‐day ebb and flood tide were each sampled. Four species of mysid Tenagomysis macropsis, T. novae‐zealandiae, T. robusta, and an apparently undescribed species of Gastrosaccus sp., were collected over the sampling period. One species, T. robusta, has not previously been collected from estuarine or riverine systems. The undescribed Gastrosaccus sp. was the most abundant of the four species. All four species were more abundant at night, with T. robusta and Gastrosaccus sp. being considerably more abundant in the drift on outflowing tides. In contrast, roughly equal numbers of T. macropsis and T. novae‐zealandiae were observed drifting in and out of the estuary at night. 相似文献
6.
ＡｎｅｗｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｇｅｎｕｓＰａｒａｍｉｓｏｐｈｒｉａ（Ｃｏｐｅｐｏｄａ，Ｃａｌａｎｏｉｄａ，Ａｒｉｅｔｅｌｌｉｄａｅ）ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＣｈｉｎａＳｅａｓ￥ＬｉａｎＧｕａｎｇｓｈａｎａｎｄＱｉａｎＨｏｎｇｌｉｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＦｅｂｒｕ... 相似文献
7.
Judith E. King 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):391-397
A fossil seal jaw from the Early Pleistocene (Wanganui Series; Hautawan Stage) of Napier, New Zealand, is identified as that of an Ommatophoca rossi juvenile of less than 1.8 m body length. 相似文献
8.
《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2012,46(1):1-23
ABSTRACTIn contrast to previous reports that leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are rare vagrants to New Zealand, we show that this species is a regular member of the marine fauna of this region. We present a first analysis from the New Zealand Leopard Seal Database – an extensive collation of 2,711 records of leopard seals within New Zealand between 1200 and 2018. Of these records, 51.2% (n?=?1,408) were photographic. Leopard seal sightings have increased over time and been reported in all seasons and regions of New Zealand. Sightings are predominantly of adult individuals of good or excellent body condition, which differs to previous hypotheses suggesting that leopard seals visiting New Zealand shores are primarily juvenile animals in poor health condition. A total of 176 unique individuals have been identified in the New Zealand Leopard Seal Catalogue between 2014 and 2018 and preliminary results indicate that numbers per annum have continued to increase over time. Three leopard seal births and a number of juvenile animals (34% of the NZ records) have been documented. Considering the information presented here and the current definitions in the New Zealand Threat Classification System, the threat status of leopard seals within New Zealand waters should be reclassified from Vagrant to Resident. 相似文献
9.
10.
P. E. Roberts 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):105-108
Two juvenile slender tuna Allothunnus fallai Serventy, 278 mm and 282 mm fork length, were identified from a catch by a purse seiner 23 km off the Moko Hinau Islands, New Zealand, on 23 January 1974. As the slender tuna were observed to school in association with skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis L., it is probable that adults also school, and could be available as a yet unexploited resource to New Zealand fishermen, especially to the south‐east of New Zealand. 相似文献
11.
This paper is the fifth in a series revising the taxonomy of New Zealand dictyoceratid sponges (phylum Porifera, subclass Ceractinomorpha, order Dictyoceratida). Six new species of the genus Spongia are added to New Zealand's known fauna. The use of subgenera within the genus Spongia is discussed, and two new subgenera are proposed. The genus Hippospongia is revised, and an emended generic diagnosis is proposed. 相似文献
12.
Halocyprid ostracods are appreciable part of ostracods floating through virtually everywhere in marine environment.In this study,we describe a new species of genus Polyconchoecia Xiang,Chen and Du,2018,tribe Conchoeciini Chavtur and Angel,2011,family Halocyprididae Dana,1853 from the middle of the South China Sea.Polyconchoecia chenii sp.nov.is very close to P.commixtus Xiang,Chen and Du,2018.But it differs from P.commixtus by the distinctions of locations of major glands of carapace and the characteristics of appendages:more posteriorly situated left asymmetric gland of carapace,no right asymmetric gland;segmented frontal organ;the endopod 2 of the first antenna with a very small seta;a-and c-setae of the first antenna with long end joint have long end joint,the b-and d-setae have no end joint,spinose e-seta without end joint;the e-seta of the second antenna is present;teeth side is distinctive;the setal counts of the mandible,maxilla,fifth limb,and sixth limb are individual.The locations of the major glands on carapace and the characteristics of the first antenna can be the key of the new species.This work is the second discovery of the genus Polyconchoecia from the world. 相似文献
13.
John C. Town 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):69-80
Dietary composition in juvenile Astrostole scabra at Kaikoura, New Zealand (42°25′S, 173°42′E), changed qualitatively with increased seastar size so that food was partitioned amongst starfish size classes according to a combination of prey species and size. Small A. scabra fed more frequently than large specimens. Size‐discriminant feeding was evident as large Turbo smaragdus and Risellopsis varia, small Melagraphia aethiops, and intermediate sized Micrelenchus dilatatus, Ischnochiton maorianus, Onithochiton neglectus, and Amaurochiton glaucus were consumed in proportions greater than those found in the habitat. Major prey species have both spatial and size refuges from predation. 相似文献
14.
Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith, 1849) is widespread in warmer oceanic waters and has recently been recorded in the catches of tuna longline vessels in the New Zealand region. Twenty‐five specimens were caught at 31°46′‐32°03′S, 170°49′‐171°11′ E on 23–27 June 1979, thus extending the known range of the species to northern New Zealand. 相似文献
15.
对马氏珠母贝人工育苗换水、投附着基和饵料等关键环节进行了研究。结果表明:(1)不换水组的D形幼虫及壳顶幼虫的存活率,稚贝育成率以及D形幼虫、壳顶幼虫及稚贝壳长日生长率比换水组分别提高了15.3%、259.6%、186.5%、33.3%、34.2%、12.4%,且差异显著;(2)第1、2次投附着板组的稚贝壳长日生长率均比一次性投附着板组快,第3次投附着板组的壳长日生长率比其他所有组均慢,且差异均显著。多次投附着板组的同一批次稚贝均匀度均比一次性投附着板组好,且多次投附着板组比一次性投附着板组的稚贝育成率提高了32.5%,稚贝存活率提高了19.3%,采苗量提高了35%;(3)投喂虾塘水组稚贝存活率、育成率及壳长日生长率比投喂50%自溶酵母+50%小球藻组分别提高了28.1%、47.2%、35.9%,而投喂这两种不同饵料的稚贝阴干后的存活率差异不显著。研究表明,通过封闭不换水育苗、多次投附着板及投喂虾塘水中的生态饵料的方法可以高效地培育出健康的马氏珠母贝种苗。 相似文献
16.
Christer Erséus 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):557-561
We characterised seasonal and ontogenetic changes in diet and prey energy density of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand, to better understand the prey requirements of trout in central North Island lakes. Common smelt (Retropinna retropinna) was the dominant prey item of rainbow trout larger than 200 mm (77.8% of diet by weight), followed by kōura (freshwater crayfish Paranephrops planifrons; 6.3%), common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus; 5.5%), and kōaro (Galaxias brevipinnis; 3.4%). Juvenile rainbow trout (<200 mm) consumed amphipods, aquatic and terrestrial insects, oligochaetes, tanaid shrimps, and smelt. Trout consumed kōaro only in autumn and winter; consumption of other species did not vary seasonally. The maximum size of smelt consumed increased with increasing trout size, but trout continued to consume small smelt even as large adults. Consumption of larger prey items (kōaro and kōura) also increased with increasing trout size. This study indicates the importance of smelt for sustaining rainbow trout populations, as predation on other species was relatively low. These findings provide a basis for bioenergetic modelling of rainbow trout populations in lakes of the central North Island of New Zealand. 相似文献
17.
The New Zealand abalone fishery produces about 1200 t annually, mostly from southern New Zealand. The fishery, based on Haliotis iris, is managed over broad management areas within which fishing intensity is spatially dispersed. The size composition of the commercial catch depends on location within a management area but is similar for divers fishing individual populations of H. iris and reflects the size composition of natural populations. For most populations, length‐frequency distributions of abalone were normally distributed: the mean shell length of H. iris was found to vary within populations over small spatial scales (100s m). The relative abundance of juvenile H. iris was low in relation to adults suggesting, at least for exposed populations, that rates of recruitment to populations of H. iris may be low. The relative abundance and mean shell length of juveniles and adults of H. australis was much less than that of H. iris. The scarcity of H. australis and the lack of separate catch quotas for the two species are factors which explain the low to zero catch of H. australis. The spatial variation in the size composition of H. iris suggests that management would be more appropriate over spatial scales which reflect local populations rather than the large spatial areas which are used to manage the New Zealand abalone fishery. 相似文献
18.
R. C. Murdoch 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):175-178
Plaxiphora boydeni n.sp. from wave‐exposed rocky shores of southern New Zealand is described and illustrated. This is the first published record of the genus from the New Zealand mainland. P. boydeni is readily distinguished from the 2 other New Zealand species of the genus, which occur in the subantarctic region, by the absence of bristle‐tufts on the girdle. 相似文献
19.
A preliminary diagnosis is given for Parawaldeckia stephenseni from New Zealand, and the genus is briefly reviewed. 相似文献
20.
Landlocked sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), ranging in fork length (FL) from 105 to 313 mm, were captured in fine‐mesh gill nets set in the limnetic zone of the Waitaki hydro lakes (44° 30′ S, 170° 10’ E) in the South Island, New Zealand. A total of 443 stomachs was examined and the frequency of occurrence, volume and weight of prey items calculated. In the Ahuriri Arm of Lake Benmore the principal food (54% by weight) was zooplankton (Boeckella dilatata) whereas in the Haldon Arm of Lake Benmore it was larval and juvenile common bullies (Gobiomorphus cotidi‐anus) (73% by volume). In Lake Waitaki in winter, salmon had eaten insects (43% by volume) with smaller amounts of snails (Potamopyrgus antipo‐darum, 23%) and bullies (24%). In Lake Ohau adult insects may be an important food. There were also variations in diet with season and fish size. The stomachs of 147 brown trout (Salmo trutta) and 181 rainbow trout (S. gairdnerii) caught in the same gill nets were also examined. In contrast to sockeye salmon stomachs they contained negligible amounts of zooplankton (< 1% by weight) and large amounts of aquatic insects (50–58% by weight in the Ahuriri Arm of Lake Benmore). Comparisons with juvenile sockeye salmon and kokanee in North American lakes are made. The impact of introductions of sockeye salmon into other New Zealand lakes is discussed. 相似文献