共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
静力试桩中桩身轴向应变是分析荷载传递机理的基础。滑动测微计可连续地测定桩身每米内的平均应变,通过荷载-应变关系曲线可较准确地计算轴向力、摩阻力、端阻力、负摩阻力;水平试桩时安装二条测管可准确地推算挠度曲线、最大弯矩点,临界荷载、极限荷载等桩基设计的主要参数,还可全面地评价桩身质量。该仪器不仅可用于各类试桩,还可用于各类岩土工程的现场位移监测。 相似文献
2.
基于路堤荷载下桩土非等应变条件和考虑了桩土相互作用、桩间土竖向与径向位移、桩土侧面产生相对滑移以及桩侧产生负摩阻力等特点的复合地基桩间土竖向变形模式,推导了水泥土桩复合地基桩间土沉降的理论计算公式,并以桩土单元体范围内的桩间土平均沉降值作为复合地基沉降,进一步推导了水泥土桩复合地基总沉降量、下卧层压缩变形量的理论计算表达式（两者之差即为加固区压缩变形量）。理论分析表明,复合地基加固区压缩量小于同深度天然地基压缩量,复合地基下卧层压缩量小于天然地基下卧层压缩量,复合地基总沉降量小于天然地基总沉降量。同时,理论计算结果与有限元计算结果以及现场实测结果三者比较一致。 相似文献
3.
Y形桩反拱圆弧面侧摩阻力存在不均匀分布现象,侧摩阻力的异形效应导致沉桩过程中的荷载-沉降规律区别于传统桩型,异形效应下的沉降计算单桩极限承载力确定等问题有待研究。通过侧摩阻力、端阻力模型及其产生的附加应力模型,计算不同荷载作用下的桩端沉降,通过荷载-沉降规律预测Y形桩单桩极限承载力。沉降及极限承载力理论计算值与静载试验结果吻合良好。分析了桩长L、外包圆半径R、模板弧度θ、开弧间距s、夹角弧度δ这5个变量对Y形桩沉降及极限承载力的影响,在其他参数不变时,相同桩顶荷载作用下Y形桩单桩沉降随外包圆半径R、开弧间距s、夹角弧度δ、桩长L的增大而减小,随模板弧度θ的增大而增大;Y形桩单桩极限承载力随外包圆半径R、开弧间距s、夹角弧度δ、桩长L的增大而增大,随模板弧度θ的增大而减小。 相似文献
4.
5.
针对苏州轻轨一号线盾构隧道的施工情况,采用三维有限元数值模型,研究了盾构施工对不同刚度桩体的影响。计算结果表明：当盾构施工时,不同刚度桩体均偏向隧道移动,在隧道轴线处的横向位移均为最大。桩身横向位移最大值、竖向位移随桩体刚度增大而变小,桩身轴力、弯矩则随桩体刚度增大而逐渐增大,桩身最大负弯矩均出现在隧道轴线位置处。在盾构正下方穿越单桩过程中,桩身沿隧道轴向位移近似为一条直线。当桩体弹性模量为0.5 GPa时,柱顶和桩底处竖向位移相差较大;当桩体弹性模量大于0.5 GPa时,桩身竖向位移急剧增大。桩身轴力沿桩身两端大、中间小。桩身弯矩随桩体弹性模量增大而明显增大。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
基于通用软件ABAQUS,建立了扩底抗拔桩三维弹塑性有限元模型,通过对模型的计算与分析,探讨了扩底桩的抗拔承载特性。为验证数值模型的可靠性,将数值计算得到的荷载－位移关系曲线与试桩资料进行比较,两者吻合较好,表明本文所建立的模型可较好地模拟扩底抗拔桩的工作性状。通过计算与分析,探讨了扩底抗拔桩的轴力、侧摩阻力分布特征,桩身和扩大头周围土体变形与塑性应变的发展规律,以及扩大头的挤压作用对扩大头周围土体竖向应力的影响。同时,通过变动参数研究了扩大头的形状、土体的性质对扩底桩抗拔承载力的影响,结果表明,扩大头直径和扩大头周围土体的性质对抗拔承载力的影响较大,而扩底高度的影响相对较小。 相似文献
10.
为研究地震荷载作用下桩基-土-核电结构的抗震性能及土结动力反应规律,对拟开展的地震模拟振动试验模型进行数值计算分析。核电工程结构上部质量大和刚度大,试验模型不同于一般的工程结构,为检验振动台试验模型设计、传感器布设方案,对试验模型进行了数值模拟。数值模拟以单端承桩为研究对象,计算了上部结构质量和刚度变化时,在脉冲荷载及基于RG1.60谱人工合成地震动作用下桩身的地震反应规律。数值模拟表明:在水平地震动作用下,桩身剪力和弯矩包络线呈"X"状分布,桩底和顶处剪力弯矩较大;上部结构质量越大,桩身的剪力与弯矩越大;上部结构的刚度越大,桩身的剪力与弯矩越小;随着上部结构质量的增大和刚度的减小,反弯点逐渐向桩顶移动。桩顶发生最大位移时所对应的桩身挠度随着上部结构质量的增加而增大并且随着上部结构刚度的增大而减小。土层分界面处,桩身内力发生突变。此外,在脉冲荷载输入下,桩身反弯点位置与输入荷载的周期有关。计算结果为振动台试验模型设计提供了理论依据。 相似文献
11.
湿陷性黄土层桩基侧摩阻力的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文依托西安市东北二环立交工程实际,通过现场黄土层浸水试验以及桩基静载试验,研究在湿陷性黄土层中桩基侧摩阻力和桩端阻力的发挥情况、桩基负摩阻力取值问题及桩周土的沉降变化情况,并分析了其实验结果。在总结国内工程界多次试验结果的基础上,给出了湿陷性黄土层负摩阻取值的科学合理方法及应考虑的因素,并分析了影响负摩阻大小取值的因素和引起桩周土沉降差异的因素。研究结果表明：①本工程桩基提供负摩阻力段控制在3～9 m之间,取值建议为-2.0～-5.0 kPa;②桩基上的负摩阻值与特定桩长和地质环境有关,同时与湿陷下沉量及土的粘聚力大小也有关系。从而建议在西安平原地区,黄土层较小时（桩长20 m以上,湿陷层5 m以内）,可不考虑湿陷性对桩基承栽力的影响。本次试验为未来工程实践中湿陷性黄土层的沉降的研究及桩基负摩阻力的取值提供了参考依据和工程实践经验。 相似文献
12.
The 1995 Hyogoken–Nambu earthquake caused severe liquefaction over wide areas of reclaimed land. Furthermore, the liquefaction induced large ground displacement in horizontal directions, which caused serious damage to foundations of structures. However, few analyses of steel pipe piles based on field investigation have so far been conducted to identify the causes and process of such damage. The authors conducted a soil–pile-structure interaction analysis by applying a multi-lumped-mass-spring model to a steel pipe pile foundation structure to evaluate the causes and process of its damage. The damage process analyzed in the time domain corresponded well with the results of detailed field investigation. It was found that a large bending moment beyond the ultimate plastic moment of the pile foundation structure was induced mainly by the large ground displacement caused by liquefaction before lateral spreading of the ground and that the displacement appeared during the accumulating process of the excess pore water pressure. 相似文献
13.
对由碎石桩和CFG桩构成的多桩型复合地基的作用机理进行分析,通过数值模拟,对多桩型复合地基的动力特性进行研究,探讨桩型配比、桩径、桩长、CFG桩桩体刚度和碎石桩桩体渗透性等设计参数对多桩型复合地基动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:相同条件下地震期多桩型复合地基的动变形小于碎石桩复合地基而大于CFG桩复合地基,震后沉降量相对较小,在工程设计时碎石桩与CFG桩的桩型配比宜为4∶5;随桩体长度、桩体直径和CFG桩刚度的增加,多桩型复合地基地震期的竖向动变形逐渐减小;随碎石桩桩体渗透性的增加,多桩型复合地基中的超动孔隙水压力减小,震后沉降量降低。 相似文献
14.
The objectives of this paper are to show practically: (1) the validation of a proposed three-dimensional effective stress analysis for the pile foundations, and (2) the effectiveness of remedial deposits on pile stresses under liquefaction by making comparisons between the results of centrifuge tests and those of the proposed analysis. Two foundation models supported by end-bending piles were studied with improved and unimproved deposits. There exists a good consistency between the numerical and experimental results for excess pore water-pressure ratios ranging from 0 to about 0·9. From the numerical results, the bending moment at the pile top with the improved deposit is about 50 per cent lower than that with the unimproved deposit. However, it was found that the smaller the bending moment develops in the pile with the improved deposit, the larger the compressive and/or tensional axial stresses in the pile. This is due to the predominant excitation of rocking vibration of the foundation. From the analytical and experimental results, it has been found that the remedial method can be a variable means to protect piles from soil liquefaction hazards. However, both axial stress and bending moment produced in piles should be considered in assessing the liquefied seismic capacity of group pile-foundation–structural systems with improved soil deposits. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
钢管桩在贯入过程中土塞效应的正确判断对打桩阻力及承载力的预测有重要影响,常用的静力平衡土塞效应判断方法主要适用于小直径钢管桩。随着海洋平台工作水深的不断增加及海上风电工程的建设,直径大于2m的大直径钢管桩被广泛采用,管桩直径的增加改变了桩管内土体的受力与变形特征。通过数值模拟方法获得砂土中不同径长比的钢管桩在打桩过程中桩周土体的破坏模式,确定采用梅耶霍夫公式计算打桩过程中桩端土体阻力,同时分析锤击惯性力对桩管内土塞的影响,提出采用拟静力平衡法判断大直径钢管桩的土塞闭塞效应。开展不同径长比管桩的室内小比尺打桩模型试验,并对实际工程中的土塞闭塞效应进行判断,验证拟静力平衡法对判断大直径钢管桩土塞效应的适用性。 相似文献
16.
进水塔是水利工程的重要组成部分,具有塔身高、塔壁薄等特点,在地震工况下容易发生结构失稳破坏。针对进水塔地震工况下抗滑抗倾覆能力差的问题,提出加设灌注桩的方法提高塔基的动力稳定性,并以甘肃省某引水工程进水塔为例,采用有限单元法,从桩基对进水塔塔体应力、桩基受到的剪力和弯矩及地基位移分布情况三个方面分析灌注桩对进水塔塔基动力稳定性的影响。分析得到:加设灌注桩可降低塔体中下部的应力值,并改善该处的应力分布;塔基高程处的灌注桩所受到的剪力和弯矩较小;加设灌注桩后,塔底附近的位移量值有所减小,且没有出现明显的潜在滑移圆弧面。说明设置桩基加固进水塔地基的措施提高了进水塔地基的动力稳定性。 相似文献
17.
Based on the theory of tube wave propagation in a fluid-filled borehole, this paper proposes a new method for detecting the integrity of pile foundation and overcomes some limitations of the existing pile integrity tests. The basic principle of detecting the pile integrity by the tube wave, testing equipment and concrete quality evaluation of piles are introduced. The feasibility of the tube wave detection for geological exploration of a bridge pile in a karst development area is verified by field tests. Through some test cases of prestressed high strength concrete pipe piles, cast-in-place piles and rock-socketed piles with defects, the accuracy of the tube wave detection and other methods is compared. Then, some issues of the application of the tube wave for detecting pile defects are discussed. Finally, the content of this paper is summarized, and some suggestions on further research are put forward. 相似文献
18.
Lanmin Wang Junjie Sun Xuefeng Huang Shunhua Xu Yucheng Shi Rendong Qiu Zhenzhong Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
At present piles foundation is widely used in the earthquake-prone loess area of China. Unfortunately, negative skin friction (NSF) along piles induced by an abrupt settlement of loess under strong earthquakes, so called seismic subsidence, has not been taken into account in design of piles foundation due to the lack of NSF data from field test. In order to investigate NSF along piles caused by seismic subsidence of loess and develop a method to estimate this earthquake-induced NSF, the authors perform a field test at a loess site by means of a series of explosions, i.e. a short delay blasting, in which two reinforced concrete piles was grouted. The expected ground motion generated by the short delay blasting is strong enough to induce an obvious seismic subsidence in the loess site. There are 40 stress gages to be averagely disposed into the two piles with a certain interval to collect the data of NSF during this field test. Meanwhile, ground motion and seismic subsidence of loess were, respectively, observed by accelerographes and a level gauge. The obtained data particularly disclose the developing characteristics and magnitude of loess seismic subsidence and NSF at the condition of strong ground motion. The loess seismic subsidence and NSF both have a rapid development in the explosion process and then keep a slower increase for some days after the blasting. At the end of observation, the maximum seismic subsidence of loess in the field reaches 33 mm; the average NSF along piles attains to 54 kPa, which is much greater than previous cases of NSF caused by collapse of loess. This field test shows the NSF along piles induced by seismic subsidence of loess is significant and should not be ignored in design of piles foundation in seismic loess regions. 相似文献
19.
The anti-slide support structure is widely used in the anti-seismic reinforcement of bridge foundations, but related experimental research was processing slowly. Based on the prototype of the Jiuzhaigou bridge at the Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway, a 3-D simulation model was established on the basis of the shaking table model test, and the rationality of the dynamic analysis model was verified by indicators such as the bending moment of the bridge piles, peak soil pressure, and PGA amplification factors. The results show that the inertia force of the bridge pier has an important influence on the deformation of the pile foundation. The bending moment and shearing force are larger in lateral bridge piles, and the maximum value is near the pile top. The PGA amplification factor is stronger in the back of the rear anti-slide piles and so is it in front of the bridge pier, and the soil is prone to slip and damage. The bedrock is rigid and the dynamic response is maintained at a low level. The anti-slide piles in the rear row play a major role in the anti-seismic reinforcement design, and the anti-slide piles in the front row can be used as an auxiliary support structure. 相似文献
20.
为研究液化场地变截面桩的动力响应,依托翔安大桥实体工程,采用有限元软件,建立变截面桩－土和等截面桩－土相互作用模型,模拟液化场地变截面桩及等截面桩在地震作用下的振动反应,分析在地震作用下变截面位置不同的变截面桩及等截面桩的动力响应特征。结果表明:地震作用下,液化土层不同深度处的孔压比变化规律基本相同,均从0逐渐增大最后趋于稳定;变截面桩的桩身加速度和桩身位移均大于等截面桩,且桩顶加速度峰值出现的时刻均滞后于桩底;在饱和砂土层处,桩身位移变化趋势均较陡;变截面桩的桩身弯矩峰值和桩身剪力峰值均大于等截面桩,且其峰值出现的位置较等截面桩深;地震作用下,变截面桩及等截面桩的弯矩与剪力均在安全范围之内;液化场地变截面梁桥桩基础抗震设计时,应着重分析液化土层与非液化土层分界面以下的抗弯能力设计及液化土层中抗剪能力设计。 相似文献