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1.
CO2矿物捕获是指将大气中排放的CO2气注入到地下深部的含水层、油气田等渗透性储层中,通过一系列物理、化学反应,最终将CO2气以碳酸盐矿物的形式“固结”在岩石中。火山碎屑岩具有铁、镁离子含量高且容易释放及分布广泛等特点,是有前途的矿物捕获岩石类型。塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷铜钵庙组火山碎屑岩中发育大量的片钠铝石特征矿物,进一步证实了火山碎屑岩的矿物捕获能力。在火山碎屑岩中,CO2注入之后形成的矿物有片钠铝石、铁方解石、铁白云石等碳酸盐矿物,碳酸盐总量高达30%,说明CO2矿物捕获的能力较大。 相似文献
2.
东北及邻区中生代地层中的片钠铝石分布于海拉尔盆地、塔木察格盆地、二连盆地、开鲁盆地和阜新盆地的早白垩世地层及松辽盆地南部的早白垩世晚期-晚白垩世早期地层中.片钠铝石主要发育在油气储层或CO2气储层中富含长石的砂岩和火山碎屑岩中.在含片钠铝石砂岩和火山碎屑岩中,片钠铝石以放射状、束状、杂乱毛发状、球状和板状等集合体充填孔隙,或呈束状和板状交代长石和岩屑.片钠铝石及其共生的铁白云石都是最晚形成的自生矿物组合.越来越多的证据表明,片钠铝石是富CO2流体的指示矿物,记录了CO2和油气双重充注现象.在含片钠铝石碎屑岩中可以解读出CO2充注的时间和CO2分压的变化. 相似文献
3.
海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷含片钠铝石沉凝灰岩的成岩作用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷大磨拐河组—伊敏组的含片钠铝石火山碎屑岩为研究对象,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及配套能谱、茜素红-S染色、阴极发光和X-射线衍射分析等技术手段,对研究样品的岩石类型、自生矿物种类及共生序列进行了详细研究.贝尔凹陷发育片钠铝石的宿主岩石类型为沉凝灰岩,自生矿物以发育片钠铝石、铁白云石和菱铁矿三种碳酸盐矿物为主,片钠铝石含量高达25％.成岩共生序列为菱铁矿Ⅰ→高岭石、石英次生加大→片钠铝石→微晶石英→方解石→铁白云石→菱铁矿Ⅱ→沥青.不同于国内外其它地区发现片钠铝石的主要产状为充填孔隙,本区内发育的片钠铝石以交代长石、石英、岩屑颗粒和高岭石基质为赋存特征,表明沉凝灰岩中的长石、岩屑、高岭石基质可以为其提供金属离子物质来源,并在CO2参与下,与成岩流体反应生成片钠铝石.大量碳酸盐矿物(15-44％)的发育证明了火山碎屑岩具有较高的CO2矿物捕获能力. 相似文献
4.
以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷大磨拐河组-伊敏组的含片钠铝石火山碎屑岩为研究对象,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及配套能谱、茜素红 S染色、阴极发光和X 射线衍射分析等技术手段,对研究样品的岩石类型、自生矿物种类及共生序列进行了详细研究。贝尔凹陷发育片钠铝石的宿主岩石类型为沉凝灰岩,自生矿物以发育片钠铝石、铁白云石和菱铁矿三种碳酸盐矿物为主,片钠铝石含量高达25%。成岩共生序列为菱铁矿Ⅰ→高岭石、石英次生加大→片钠铝石→微晶石英→方解石→铁白云石→菱铁矿Ⅱ→沥青。不同于国内外其它地区发现片钠铝石的主要产状为充填孔隙,本区内发育的片钠铝石以交代长石、石英、岩屑颗粒和高岭石基质为赋存特征,表明沉凝灰岩中的长石、岩屑、高岭石基质可以为其提供金属离子物质来源,并在CO2参与下,与成岩流体反应生成片钠铝石。大量碳酸盐矿物（15-44%）的发育证明了火山碎屑岩具有较高的CO2矿物捕获能力。 相似文献
5.
海拉尔—塔木察格盆地中部富油凹陷下白垩统铜钵庙组和南屯组广泛发育高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层,并已于其中获得了工业突破,但对其成因机制认识不清。在岩心、薄片、录井和测井等资料综合研究的基础上,结合大量海拉尔—塔木察格盆地及周边地区的火山事件分析,认为中部富油凹陷发育的高含凝灰质碎屑岩的岩石类型主要包括凝灰质砂岩、凝灰质泥岩、凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩。不同时期、不同凹陷高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层发育特点各异,整体来看从铜钵庙组到南屯组储层中的凝灰质含量越来越低,高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层主要发育在铜钵庙组和南一段沉积时期。高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层中的火山物质并非来源于自身断陷期发生的基性火山活动,而是来自于大兴安岭地区大规模的酸性火山喷发事件。海拉尔—塔木察格盆地高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层的成因机制包括两种类型：一种是同沉积期火山灰直接空降入湖型;另一种是同沉积期火山灰先沉降至陆上经河流搬运后再沉积的水携型。高含凝灰质碎屑岩储层中的火山碎屑物质受有机酸作用易于溶蚀,次生孔隙发育,为深部油气成藏提供了有效储层空间,并且火山喷发活动对优质烃源岩的形成具有促进作用,对于油气勘探具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
东北及邻区中生代盆地片钠铝石的分布、产状及其油气地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东北及邻区中生代地层中的片钠铝石分布于海拉尔盆地、塔木察格盆地、二连盆地、开鲁盆地和阜新盆地的早白垩世地层及松辽盆地南部的早白垩世晚期-晚白垩世早期地层中。片钠铝石主要发育在油气储层或CO2气储层中富含长石的砂岩和火山碎屑岩中。在含片钠铝石砂岩和火山碎屑岩中,片钠铝石以放射状、束状、杂乱毛发状、球状和板状等集合体充填孔隙,或呈束状和板状交代长石和岩屑。片钠铝石及其共生的铁白云石都是最晚形成的自生矿物组合。越来越多的证据表明,片钠铝石是富CO2流体的指示矿物,记录了CO2和油气双重充注现象。在含片钠铝石碎屑岩中可以解读出CO2充注的时间和CO2分压的变化。 相似文献
7.
为了查明火山碎屑岩中自生碳酸盐矿物的分布特征及对储层物性的影响,以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷火山碎屑岩为研究对象,调查火山碎屑岩中自生碳酸盐矿物的类型,并通过统计50余口探井的碳酸盐含量及储层物性数据,探讨其分布特征及对储层物性的影响。结果表明：海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷火山碎屑岩中自生碳酸盐矿物主要为方解石和白云石,其次为菱铁矿、片钠铝石和铁白云石;纵向上随着埋藏深度增加出现两个碳酸盐含量高值带,分别出现在1 500～1 900m和2 200～2 700m深度,前者主要为以胶结作用为主的连生方解石和显晶方解石及菱铁矿,后者主要为以交代作用为主的晚期方解石、白云石、铁白云石和片钠铝石;湖底扇等分选较差的沉积相为碳酸盐矿物发育的有利相带,扇-辫状河三角洲相为次有利相带;靠近德尔布干深大断裂的井碳酸盐含量要高于远离该断裂的井,且在该断裂附近的德2、德6和德8等井中见片钠铝石自生矿物,这主要因为断层是CO2逸散的通道,断层处的富CO2流体能够与围岩反应生成碳酸盐矿物;熔结凝灰岩和凝灰岩中的碳酸盐矿物含量要高于沉凝灰岩、凝灰质砂岩及普通砂岩,这主要因为火山岩及火山碎屑物质中金属离子含量高,易于释放,从而结合CO23-形成碳酸盐矿物;贝尔凹陷内储层孔隙度和渗透率等参数与碳酸盐含量呈负相关关系,说明碳酸盐含量对储层物性主要起破坏作用。 相似文献
8.
以塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷铜钵庙组-南屯组火山碎屑岩为例,结合岩石学观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜分析等技术手段,研究火山碎屑岩储层特征及其影响因素。综合研究认为: 火山碎屑岩岩石类型主要包括凝灰岩( 熔结凝灰岩) 、沉凝灰岩和凝灰质砂( 砾) 岩; 发育有原生孔隙、原生裂缝、次生孔隙、次生裂缝等4 类10 种储集空间,且以次生溶孔为主; 属于中低孔--特低渗型储层,横向上靠近洼陷边缘、接近构造高部位的孔隙度和渗透率较高,纵向上在1 900 ～ 2 100 m、2 600 ～ 2 900 m 处存在两个明显的异常高孔隙带; 储集性能受岩性岩相、构造运动、成岩作用和有机质热演化等因素影响,其中岩性岩相和成岩作用是影响储层储集性能的主要影响因素。 相似文献
9.
贝尔凹陷与塔南凹陷下白垩统铜钵庙组南屯组油气储层特征及孔隙度控制作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
早白垩世铜钵庙-南屯组的火山岩和砂岩是中国海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷和蒙古国塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷的主要油气储层.其中:铜钵庙组储层主要由火山碎屑岩组成;南屯组储层以砂岩为主,其次为火山碎屑岩.在铜钵庙组的火山碎屑岩中,贝尔凹陷主要为凝灰岩,塔南凹陷主要为沉凝灰岩和凝灰质砂岩.镜质体反射率和最高热解温度数据表明,成岩阶段主要为中成岩阶段A期.铜钵庙组-南屯组储层的孔隙类型主要为次生孔,其次为原生孔,属中低孔、特低渗型储层.贝尔凹陷和塔南凹陷均发育2个异常高孔隙带,储层孔隙度主要受储层岩石类型、沉积相和成岩作用控制. 相似文献
10.
蒙古国塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷铜钵庙组火山碎屑岩中片钠铝石胶结物的成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷铜钵庙组火山碎屑岩中发育大量的片钠铝石自生矿物。通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及X射线衍射分析等,查明了火山碎屑岩中的胶结物与自生矿物类型和成岩共生序列。含片钠铝石火山碎屑岩的成岩共生序列为粘土包壳-方解石-一期微晶石英-一期高岭石-二期微晶石英、二期高岭石、片钠铝石-铁白云石;通过MAT253稳定同位素质谱仪确定了片钠铝石和铁白云石的稳定同位素组成为片钠铝石的δ13CPDB为-8.15‰~-2.81‰,与片钠铝石平衡的CO2的δ13CCO2为-12.91‰~-7.55‰,通过与海拉尔盆地及BGS盆地系碳氧同位素数据的类比,表明片钠铝石中的碳主要为幔源岩浆来源,形成片钠铝石的钠和铝主要来源于安山岩岩屑、长石晶屑碎屑、玻屑和火山灰等;铁白云石的δ13CPDB为-6.76‰~-2.65‰,与片钠铝石的碳氧同位素数据相似,结合相关地质实例及地球化学模拟实验,可以推断铁白云石中的碳也是幔源岩浆来源,铁白云石中的铁离子主要来源于安山岩岩屑、玻屑、火山灰和蒙脱石等矿物。 相似文献
11.
Elastic and thermoelastic constants of large single crystals of Ca2MgSi2O7 and Ca2ZnSi2O7 have been derived from ultrasonic resonance frequencies of plane-parallel plates and their shift upon variation of temperature, respectively. In addition, coefficients of thermal expansion and dielectric constants were determined. Both species possess quite similar properties. As observed in other isotypic magnesium and zinc compounds, the mean elastic stiffness and the deviation from the Cauchy relations are significantly larger in the zinc compound, due to a covalent contribution of the Zn–O bond. Positive thermoelastic constants T44 and T66 in Ca2MgSi2O7 allow temperature-independent ultrasonic generators and oscillators to be manufactured. 相似文献
12.
含Ti硅酸盐玻璃在基础科学研究和应用技术开发上均有重要价值,亟需对其进行准确的成分分析,为进一步的科研工作提供重要的数据支撑.对玻璃进行电子探针分析时,由于样品的易损性和其中(Na和K)阳离子在电子束轰击下极易发生迁移和扩散,因此往往需要经过条件实验来确定合适的分析条件,确保样品在该条件下能够保持尽量稳定的状态,才能获... 相似文献
14.
Hydrometallurgical processing and recovery of molybdenum trioxide from spent catalyst 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Kyung Ho Park B. Ramachandra Reddy D. Mohapatra Chul-Woo Nam 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):261-265
Hydrometallurgical processing of spent hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) catalyst for the recovery of molybdenum using sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide mixtures was investigated. The results indicated that the recovery of molybdenum was largely dependent on the concentrations of Na2CO3 and H2O2 in the reaction medium, which controls the acidity of the leach liquor and carry over of impurities such as Al, Ni, P, Si and V. Leaching process was exothermic and leaching efficiency of molybdenum decreased with increasing solid to liquid ratio. Large scale leaching of spent catalyst, under optimum conditions: 20% pulp density, 85 g/L Na2CO3, 10 vol.% H2O2 and 1 h reaction, resulted a leaching efficiency of 84% Mo. The obtained leach liquor contained (g/L): Mo — 22.0, Ni — 0.015 and Al — 0.82, P — 1.1, Si — 0.094 and minor quantities of V — 8 mg/L, As and Co — < 1 mg/L. Recovery of Mo from leach solution as MoO3 of 97.30% purity was achieved by ammonium molybdate precipitation method. 相似文献
15.
Classical atomistic simulation techniques have been used to investigate the energies of hydrogen defects in Mg2SiO4 and Mg2GeO4 spinels. Ringwoodite (γ-Mg2SiO4) is considered to be the most abundant mineral in the lower part of the transition zone and can incorporate large amounts
of water in the form of hydroxyls, whereas the germanate spinel (γ-Mg2GeO4) corresponds to a low-pressure structural analogue for ringwoodite. The calculated defect energies indicate that the most
favourable mechanisms for hydrogen incorporation are coupled either with the reduction of ferric iron or with the creation
of tetrahedral vacancies. Hydrogen will go preferentially into tetrahedral vacancies, eventually leading to the formation
of the hydrogarnet defect, before associating with other negatively charged point defects. The presence of isolated hydroxyls
is not expected. The same trend is observed for germanate, and thus γ-Mg2GeO4 could be used as a low-pressure analogue for ringwoodite in studies of water-related defects and their effect on physical
properties. 相似文献
16.
We present results from low-temperature heat capacity measurements of spinels along the solid solution between MgAl2O4 and MgCr2O4. The data also include new low-temperature heat capacity measurements for MgAl2O4 spinel. Heat capacities were measured between 1.5 and 300 K, and thermochemical functions were derived from the results.
No heat capacity anomaly was observed for MgAl2O4 spinel; however, we observe a low-temperature heat capacity anomaly for Cr-bearing spinels at temperatures below 15 K. From
our data we calculate standard entropies (298.15 K) for Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinels. We suggest a standard entropy for MgAl2O4 of 80.9 ± 0.6 J mol−1 K−1. For the solid solution between MgAl2O4 and MgCr2O4, we observe a linear increase of the standard entropies from 80.9 J mol−1 K−1 for MgAl2O4 to 118.3 J mol−1 K−1 for MgCr2O4. 相似文献
17.
The high-pressure behavior of a vanadinite (Pb10(VO4)6Cl2, a = b = 10.3254(5), c = 7.3450(4) Å, space group P63/m), a natural microporous mineral, has been investigated using in-situ HP-synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction up to 7.67 GPa with a diamond anvil cell under hydrostatic conditions. No phase transition has been observed within the pressure range investigated. Axial and volume isothermal Equations of State (EoS) of vanadinite were determined. Fitting the P–V data with a third-order Birch-Murnaghan (BM) EoS, using the data weighted by the uncertainties in P and V, we obtained: V 0 = 681(1) Å3, K 0 = 41(5) GPa, and K′ = 12.5(2.5). The evolution of the lattice constants with P shows a strong anisotropic compression pattern. The axial bulk moduli were calculated with a third-order “linearized” BM-EoS. The EoS parameters are: a 0 = 10.3302(2) Å, K 0(a) = 35(2) GPa and K′(a) = 10(1) for the a-axis; c 0 = 7.3520(3) Å, K 0(c) = 98(4) GPa, and K′(c) = 9(2) for the c-axis (K 0(a):K 0(c) = 1:2.80). Axial and volume Eulerian-finite strain (fe) at different normalized stress (Fe) were calculated. The weighted linear regression through the data points yields the following intercept values: Fe a (0) = 35(2) GPa for the a-axis, Fe c (0) = 98(4) GPa for the c-axis and Fe V (0) = 45(2) GPa for the unit-cell volume. The slope of the regression lines gives rise to K′ values of 10(1) for the a-axis, 9(2) for the c-axis and 11(1) for the unit cell-volume. A comparison between the HP-elastic response of vanadinite and the iso-structural apatite is carried out. The possible reasons of the elastic anisotropy are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Gianluca Iezzi Mario Tribaudino Giancarlo Della Ventura Fabrizio Nestola Fabio Bellatreccia 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2005,32(7):515-523
The synthetic amphibole Na0.95(Li0.95Mg1.05)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 was studied in situ at high-T, using IR OH-stretching spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. At room-T the sample has P21
/m symmetry, as shown by the FTIR spectrum. It shows in the OH region two well-defined and intense absorptions at 3,748 and
3,712 cm−1, respectively, and two minor bands at 3,667 and 3,687 cm−1. The main bands are assigned to the two independent O–H groups in the primitive structure. The two minor bands evidencing
the presence of small amount of vacant A-site (A□0.05). With increasing T, these bands shift continuously and merge into a unique absorption at high temperature. A change as a function of increasing
T is revealed by the evolution of the refined unit-cell parameters, whose trend shows a transition to C2/m at about 320–330°C. The spontaneous scalar strain, fitted with a tricritical 2–6 Landau potential, gives a T
c of 325(10)°C (β parameter = 0.27). Comparison with the second-order P21
/m ⇔ C2/m phase transition at 255°C for synthetic amphibole ANa0.8B(Na0.8Mg1.2)CMg5Si8O22(OH)2 indicates that the substitution of Na with Li at the B-sites strongly affects the thermodynamic character and the T
c of the phase transition. The comparison of LNMSH amphiboles with cummingtonitic ones shows that the high-T thermodynamic behaviour is affected by A-site occupancy. 相似文献
19.
The influence on the structure of Fe2+ Mg substitution was studied in synthetic single crystals belonging to the MgCr2O4–FeCr2O4 series produced by flux growth at 900–1200 °C in controlled atmosphere. Samples were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analyses, optical absorption-, infrared- and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer data show that iron occurs almost exclusively as IVFe2+. Only minor Fe3+ (<0.005 apfu) was observed in samples with very low total Fe. Optical absorption spectra show that chromium with few exceptions is present as a trivalent cation at the octahedral site. Additional absorption bands attributable to Cr2+ and Cr3+ at the tetrahedral site are evident in spectra of end-member magnesiochromite and solid-solution crystals with low ferrous contents. Structural parameters a0, u and T–O increase with chromite content, while the M–O bond distance remains nearly constant, with an average value equal to 1.995(1) Å corresponding to the Cr3+ octahedral bond distance. The ideal trend between cell parameter, T–O bond length and Fe2+ content (apfu) is described by the following linear relations: a0=8.3325(5) + 0.0443(8)Fe2+ (Å) and T–O=1.9645(6) + 0.033(1)Fe2+ (Å) Consequently, Fe2+ and Mg tetrahedral bond lengths are equal to 1.998(1) Å and 1.965(1) Å, respectively. 相似文献
20.
Baghdadite from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan shows a bright yellow fluorescence under UV (Hg 253.7 nm) excitation. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum at 300 K consists of one large band near 580 nm and two small UV bands at 318 and 397 nm. The optical excitation spectrum of the bright yellow fluorescence consists of two bands near 220 and 250 nm. The temperature dependence of the PL intensity exhibits linear thermal quenching. To reveal the origin of the bright yellow fluorescence from baghdadite, powder Ca3(Zr,Ti)Si2O9 crystals are synthesized. Synthetic Ca3(Zr,Ti)Si2O9 shows luminescence spectra similar to those of baghdadite, and the intensity of the yellow fluorescence is markedly increased by titanium addition. The origin of the bright yellow fluorescence from baghdadite is ascribed to the existence of titanium. 相似文献